Objective To explore the relationship between thrombocytosis and gastric cancer at the points of clinicopathological stage and prognosis.Methods The clinical data of 156 gastric cancer patients from January 2005 to January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed,and the status of patients was obtained through telephone calls.The frequency of patients with thrombocytosis in different clinicopathological stages was analyzed,and comparison of survival time was made between normal PLT groups and thrombocytosis groups.Results 20.5％ patients with gastric cancer were accompanied with thrombocytosis in 156 cases,and the frequency of patients with thrombocytosis in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ stage were 4.8％,21.7％,24.4％,30.4％,and the difference was statistically significante (x2 =8.768,P =0.003).Patients with thrombocytosis had a shorter survival time than those with normal platelet counts (one year survival rate:59.4％ vs 81.5％,x2 =6.984,P =0.008 ; three years survival rate:34.4％ vs 63.7％,x2 =8.968,P =0.003).Conclusion In gastric cancer,thrombocytosis is associated with TNM stage.The gastric cancer patients with thrombocytosis have poorer prognosis than those without thrombocytosis.

This article presents the experience ofPhysician-in-charge CHEN Ying-yi in treating maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility from four aspects:cause and pathogenesis ofthe disease, treatment thought, special prescription for the disease alone, and treatment experience.Mrs.CHEN Ying-yi considers the damp, heat and stasis pathogen as key factors ofthe disease, and the deficiency ofthe spleen and the kidney as the fundamental reasons.The principle oftreatment is eliminating pathogenic factors and supporting healthy energy, and treating the disease and preventing abortion.Her empirical prescription of‘lianhuang tang(decoction oflotus receptacle and prepared rhubarb )', modified in accordance with the symptoms, has obtained very good curative effect for the treatment ofthis disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of male patients with systemic lupus ery thematosus in a cohort of Chinese patients.Methods 325 lupus nephritis patients (38 male and 287 female patients) admitted to our hospital from January 1997 to December 2006 were summarized in this cohort.The difference in manifestations and laboratory features were analyzed between male and female lupus nephritis patients.Results ① Male lupus nephritis patients had more frequent episodes of serositis (P＜0.05),while fe male lupus nephritis patients more frequently had arthralgia,malar rash,oral ulcers and neuropsychiatric lu pus.② The kidney was involved with early stage of the disease in male patients.The rate of misdiagnosis was higher in male lupus nephritis patients than that of the female patients.③ The prevalence of ANA positivity and thrombocytopenia was higher in male patients than that of the female patients.The prevanee of positive anti-ENA antibody,anti-Sin antibody,anemia and hypergammaglobulinemia was lower in male patients than those of female patients.No difference was found in the presence of positive anti-RNP antibody,hypocom plementemia,elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leucoeytopenia between the two groups.Conclusion The clinical pictures of male systemic lupus erythematosus patients are atypical except for kidney involvement.The kidney involvement of male lupus patients is characterized by the early onset,rapid progression and high rate of misdiagnosis.Physicians should familiar with these differences.Early diagnosis and appropriate treat ment are essential for controlling disease progress.

Objective To study the incidence of malignant tumors in renal allografts and explore the mechanism of increased incidence.Method A retrospective study was performed on 1814 renal allografts under immunosuppression from 1998-2010.Result Twenty-nine cases of malignant tumors were found in 1814 cases undergoing renal transplantation with the incidence being 1.60％.Among these cases,the incidence of urinary system tumor was 72.4％,that of hepatoma carcinoma was 10.3％,that of lung cancer was 6.9％,and each of lymphoma,cutaneous cancer or nasppharyngeal carcinoma was 3.4％.Most patients accepted operations,additional therapies including chemical or radiological and immunological therapies.Conclusion The incidence of malignant tumors in renal allografts was higher than normal persons.Besides the outcome of immunosuppression,the effects of transplantation itself and primary disease before transplantation,for instance,the higher incidence of uroepithelium malignancy was frequently associated with history of long term medications.

BACKGROUND:Preparation of titanium/hydroxyapatite composite by conventional methods has the deficiency of simple structure, low degree of automation and difficulty in porosity and pore size control, which limits the diverse process and manufacture. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of three-dimensional printing technology for the preparation of titanium/hydroxyapatite composite and titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded material molding. METHODS:A CAD model of titanium/hydroxyapatite composite was designed to be the cylinder (diameter 25 mm, height 20 mm), while the titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded implant designed as a CAD model of the cylinder with 25 mm in diameter asnd 10 mm in height with two layers, the upper layer with titanium powder and the lower layer with titanium/hydroxyapatite powder. The composite and functional y graded implant were processed by the three-dimensional printing and sintered. The sintered titanium/hydroxyapatite composite and titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded implant were observed for their microstructures, and the X-ray diffraction analysis and compressive strength testing were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The sintered titanium/hydroxyapatite composite and titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded implant had uniform contraction and no obvious distortion. The sintered titanium/hydroxyapatite composite had the aperture size from 50 to 150μm. There occurred a chemical reaction between titanium and hydroxyapatite during the sintering process, obtaining the new creations of Ca3(PO4)2, CaTiO3, TiO2 and CaO. Its compressive strength was (184.3±27.1) MPa. The microstructure of titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded implant had graded structures with a visible line between the two layers. The results of the microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium/hydroxyapatite composite and titanium/hydroxyapatite functional y graded implant can meet the requirements of medical biological implant materials.

The objective of the medical students’ education cost control is to reasonably reduce the education cost differences caused by mismanagement and insufficient investment. The budget is an important tool for the control;the elabrate cost accounting is the essential information condition for the control. It is proposed that enhancing the control power must clear responsibility cost, the education quality cost is guaranteed through both increasing income and reducing expenditure.

Objective To assess the value of CT in diagnosis of recurrent rectal carcinoma.Methods Forty seven patients who had undergone locally curative surgery were examined by CT.All patients received intravenous contrast medium and two oral doses and a intrarectal doses of 500 ml 3% Ultravist were given.The characters of benign and malignant lesions were analysed in order to evaluate the value of the classification on CT in the differentiation of benign masses from malignant ones.Results 26 local recurrences occurred in 47 cases,including 13 cases with an round preasacral mass,8 cases with an irregular rectal wall thickening,2 cases with a flat preasacral mass,3 cases with a preasacral mass with low attenuation.The degree of enhancement of local recurrent masses was higher than that of benign masses.Conclusion The features of recurrence of rectal carcinoma on CT is an round or irregular asymmetrical preasacral mass or an irregular rectal wall thickening.It is useful way in diagnosis of recurrence of rectal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of the intervertebral foramina and their alterations in the process of disc height loss in low lumbar spine in order to provide basic data for the diagnosis and treatment of foraminal stenosis. Methods Eight fresh cadaveric lumbar spines of L3 to S1 were obtained for study, which were cleaned off their surrounding muscles and kept the ligaments, annulus fibrous and nerve roots attached. The morphological characteristics of foramina of L4,5 and L5S1 and their anatomic relationships with the nerve roots were observed with and without nucleus pulposus in situ under different loading conditions (0, 300, 500 N). The foraminal dimensions including heights, maximal widths and minimal widths were measured, and the disc heights were measured on lateral radiograph under above loading conditions as well. Results Without any loading, the foramina were inverted teardrop shaped, the foramina of L4,5 were similar to that of L5S1. The nerve roots were located in the upper part of the foramina, and passed across the foramina obliquely. With 500 N loading, the shapes of the foramina and the relationships with the nerve roots were found to be changed little. After removal of nucleus pulposus and more loading was applied, the foramina became stenotic gradually and the nerve roots were pushed against the superior pedicle. The foraminal heights, maximal widths and the anterior, posterior disc heights became narrower, and were significantly different from those under no loading condition (P

Objective To explore the changes of urinary Trypsinogen Activation Peptide (TAP) levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods We observed the association between urinary TAP concentration and severity of acute pancreatitis with competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Urine samples were collected for TAP concentration at admission,24,48,and 72 h from 57 patients with AP who presented within 48 h of the onset of symptoms and from 11 control patients. Results The median urinary TAP at admission for severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) (98 nmol/L) was signficantly higher than the median for both mild pancreatitis (22 nmol/L,P0.05).The peak median urinary TAP in severe eroup was seen at admission.In the following days,TAP concentrations decreased graduallg.Conclusion Breakthrough activation of trypsinogen in pancreatic interstitial and blood may be the key event in the development of SAP.