Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the most common types of cholangiocarcinoma,it is difficult to perform operation owing to its anatomic characterstics.Currently,radical resection is the most important prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.In addition,lymph node metastasis and biomarkers such as CA19-9,hepatocyte growth factor receptor,interleukin-8,and so on,are also closely related to the prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.This paper will review the relevant researches of China and abroad to summarize important prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma above-mentioned.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical application value of anti-double stranded DNA antibody de-tected by Crithidia indirect immunofluorescence assay method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.Methods Eighty-five patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,20 disease controls and 75 healthy controls were selected.The serum anti-double stranded DNA antibody was detected simultaneously by the methods of Crithidia indirect immunofluorescence assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and their diagnostic efficacies for detection were compared.Results For each method the positive rate in the systemic lupus erythematosus group was significantly higher than that in the disease control group and healthy control group. The difference had statistical significance (P <0.05).The positive rates of Crithidia indirect immunofluorescence assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the systemic lupus erythematosus group were 72.94% and 88.24% respectively,and the positive predictive value of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is lower(P <0.05).Meanwhile the anti-double stranded DNA antibody con-centrations detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method showed statistically significant difference among the active sys-temic lupus erythematosus group,the stable systemic lupus erythematosus group and the control group (P <0.05 )and presented linear trend.Conclusion Using Crithidia indirect immunofluorescence assay method to detect anti-double stranded DNA antibody for the systemic lupus erythematosus group has high specificity and is helpful for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay can be used to detect anti-double stranded DNA antibody concentration quantitatively,which is linearly related with systemic lupus erythematosus activity and the method is of high sensitivity,which can effectively screen the pa-tients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Female ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; complications ; drug therapy ; virology ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Education, Nursing, Continuing ; General Surgery ; education ; Humans ; Physicians

Objective To analyze causes for postoperative fixation-related complications of femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures treated with dynamic hip screws(DHS)and dynamic condylar screws(DCS).Methods From January 1995 to December 2004,215 cases of intertrochanteric fracture were treated with DHS/DCS.Their postoperative fixation-related complications were analyzed to find out the causes.Results All cases were followed up for 13 to 72 months(mean,32 months).The rate of excellent and good functional recovery of hip was 94.0%. Postoperative internal-fixation-related complications occurred in 31 cases,including hip varus in 14 cases who had posterior intertrochanteric fragments,delayed union of fracture in 12 cases who had fractured calcar and lesser trochanter and massive dissection of soft tissues,and cutting-out of lag screws in five cases,three of whom had to receive prosthetic replacement.Conclusions Unsuitable implant selection is an important factor leading to postoperative fixation-related complications.Unstable fracture,serious osteoporosis and unsatisfactory reduction will increase the incidence of complications.

Objective To investigate HIV high risk population size estimation method,analyze the epidemic situation in China and offer scientific evidence for policy making. Methods Appropriate methods to estimate different type high risk populations were ascertained by experimental study. Results Size estimation methods and procedures for different type high risk population were formed.Epidemic estimation and parameters fit for China were ascertained.HIV epidemic situation and characteristics were stated. Conclusion Methods formed in the study are the key points for the understanding of number of PLWHA,for the exact judgment of HIV epidemic,for the improvement of inspection system and examination work,for the formation of "Four Free and One Care".

The microRNA let-7 family,functioning as a tumor suppressor,has emerged as a regulator of stem cell differentiation and tumor repression.The RNA-binding protein lin28 is a stem cell pluripotency factor,which contributes to the maintenance of stem cell characteristics and promoting cell malignant transformation.lin28 can block the maturity of let-7 by combining with the precursors of let-7 family miRNAs,which is itself able to repress lin28 by binding to the 3'-UTR of lin28 transcripts,thus forming a feedback loop.The double-negative feedback loop comprising lin28 and let-7 is involved in several biological processes such as differentiation of stem cell,tumorigenesis,invasion and metastasis,drug resistance and relapse,which couldbe a potential target for cancer therapy.

From 1989 to Apr. 1997, 21 patients were admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding caused by binary angiodeformity. Diagnosis was made in 16 out of 18 undergoing selective celiac angiography with the occuracy rate of 88. 9%. Endoscopy found the deformity in 6 out of 14 (42. 8%). Bleeding stopped in 9 of 11 treated conservatively. Surgery was successful in all 9 cases,and endoscopic cautery successfully stopped the bleeding in the remaining one. The authors came to the conclusion that selective celiac angiography was most useful for the diagnosis. Drug therapy and endoscopic cautery effect only temporary hematostasis.

Objective To seek an effective method for the treatment of grade ⅢB tibial fractures.Method From Oct. 1985 to Oct.1999, 26 cases of grade ⅢB tibial fractures were treated by early soft tissue coverage(including 12 cases of free muscle flaps and 14 cases of local muscle flaps), early fracture fixation(including 21 cases of external fixation and 5 cases of non-reamed intramedullary nail) and early bone grafting(15 cases).Results The follow up duration were from 10 to 32 months with an average of 15.5 months. The success rates of free and local muscle flaps were respectively 91.7 %(11/12) and 92.9 %(13/14)?Infection occurred in 5 cases (3 cases of local superficial infection and 2 cases of osteomyelitis). The time for bone union were from 17 to 66 weeks with an average of 42 weeks. Conclusion "San-Zao"therapy,especially early soft tissue coverage and early fracture fixation is on effective management for grade ⅢB tibial fractures with the advantages of promoting wound healing and bone union and decreasing the possibility of infection.