Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

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Objective To establish a high sensitive spectrophotometry for determination of trace cadmium in the water. Methods A complicated ion-association complex of Cd(Ⅱ)-potassium iodide-malachite green was formed in the phosphate acid, and the addition of gelatine could enhance the sensitivity of the reaction.The maximum absorption of the ion-association complex was at 680 nm,the effect of experimental conditions such as the reagents concentration,the temperature and the influence of foreign matters were considered.Results In the optimum condition(6.0 ml of 40% potassium iodide-aseorbic acid solution,0.5 ml of 5.0 mol/L phosphate acid solution,0.5 ml of 0.5% gelatine solution,1.5 ml of 1.0?10~(-3)mol/L malachite green solution in a 25ml volumetric flask,diluted with water and mixed well and determined immediately),the linear regression equation was △A=0.011+ 0.957 c,r=0.998 5.Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 0.02 ?g/ml to 0.80 ?g/ml for Cd(Ⅱ)and the limit detection was 0.02 ?g/ ml.The composing ratio of the complex was MG:Cd:I=2:1:4,and its apparent molar absorptivity coefficient was 1.08?10~5 L/(mol? cm).The recovery rates of Cd(Ⅱ)were 97.0%-101.5%,RSDs were 1.36%-3.58%.Conclusion This method is sensitive,simple, rapid and is applicable to the determination of the trace Cd(Ⅱ)in water.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of survivin and p63 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of survivin and p63 in the lymphnode tissues from DLBCL patients and lymph node reactive proliferation.Results The positive expression rate of p63 and survivin proteins in DLBCL patients was 63.5 %(33/52) and 76.9 %(40/52), respectively. p63 was not expressed in lymph node reative proliferation. The positive expression rate of survivin in lymph node reactive proliferation was 20.0 %. The expression rates of survivin and p63 between two groups was significant different. The replase rate of groups with positive expression of survivin and p63 were higher than that of the negative groups. The mean survival in groups with positive expression of survivin and p63 were shorter than that of the negative groups. Conclusion Survivin and p63 are useful in therapeutic and prognostic assessment. Patients with poor prognostic can be screened out in the early period of treatment using expression of survivin and p63, which may help to improve the outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Objective To evaluate the application value of serum endotoxin combined with integrated model for end-stage liver disease (iMELD) in evaluating the short and medium term prognosis of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into survival group and death group according to the result of follow-up at the 3,6 and 12 months.The iMELD score and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score were calculated according to relevant indicators,and the serum endotoxin level was detected.The correlation between serum endotoxin and iMELD score was analyzed in the short and medium term prognosis in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.Results After 3 months' follow-up,5 patients died.The iMELD scores in survival group and death group were (39.26 ± 7.29) and (49.29 ± 8.63) scores,CTP scores were (9.32 ± 2.12) and (12.03 ± 2.75) scores,serum endotoxin levels were (9.21 ± 2.24) and (15.39 ± 5.12) ng/L,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).After 6 months'follow-up,12 patients died.The iMELD scores in survival group and death group were (41.35 ± 8.03) and (52.18 ± 10.37) scores,CTP scores were (9.78 ± 2.05) and (12.93 ± 1.99) scores,serum endotoxin levels were (8.96 ± 2.41) and (16.43 ±6.03) ng/L,and there were statistical differences (P ＜0.05).After 12 months' follow-up,19 patients died.The iMELD scores in survival group and death group were (40.74 ± 6.38) and (52.29 ± 8.53) scores,CTP scores were (10.01 ± 2.23) and (13.27 ± 1.69) scores,serum endotoxin levels were (8.53 ± 2.34) and (16.52 ± 6.08) ng/L,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The area under curve of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.952,standard error was 0.048,and 95％ confidence interval was 0.790-1.022.The best critical value of iMELD score to predict death was ≥48.00 scores,and the risk of death would rise if iMELD score was increased.The best critical value of serum endotoxin to predict death was ≥ 11.00 ng/L.Conclusion iMELD score and serum endotoxin have important value in predicting prognosis in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.

Objective To investigate the association between serum uric acid (SUA)levels and outcome in acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 388 acute ischemic stroke patients were included in the prospective case study.Data on demographic characteristics, risk factors for life style, history of disease, the admission SUA and outcome at discharge were collected for all participants.Results Mean serum uric acid levels were (284.5±83.6) μmol/L in the normal uric acid? group, and(455.3±78.1)μmol/L in the high uric acid group(P＜0.01).There were significant differences in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at two weeks between the high UA group and the normal UA group [(11.0±6.0) vs.(11.0±5.3),P=0.048], and also in early neurological improvement (P=0.048).A significant difference was found in serum uric acid level between patients with good versus poor neurological function outcome (P =0.045).Conclusions There is the association between admission serum uric acid levels and outcome in acute ischemic stroke.Elevated serum uric acid level predicts a lower chance of a poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with fairly poor prognosis. Innovative treatment based on improved understanding of the genetic alterations of SCLC is awaited. Recently, a number of potential targets or important oncogenic pathways have been identified by the next generation sequencing or other systematic genomic analysis in SCLC. In this review, we summarised the new ifndings of genetic characteristics in SCLC.

Objective To explore the mechanism of vitamin E on delaying skin aging by observ-ing the expression of hyaluronic acid synthetase-2 (HAS-2) in human dermal fibroblasts in vitro. Methods Human skin fibroblasts were cultured in vitro, and these fibroblast cells were then divided into 3 groups: different concentration of vitamin E (0, 0.1 × 10-10, 1 ×109mol/L) was added in the medium in the different group. 24 hours later, the fibroblasts were collected, RNAs extracted, and then amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR product was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis, to analyze the level of HAS-2 mRNA expression. Results RT-PCR showed the lever of HAS-2 mRNA was higher in the low-dose group than the control group, with significant difference (P<0.05) ; the lever of HAS-2 mRNA was higher in the high-dose group than control group, with significant difference (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the lever of HAS-2 mRNA between the low-dose group and the high-dose group. Conclusions Vitamin E can enhance the expression of hyaluronic acid synthetase-2 mRNA, may increase the synthesis of HAS in skin fibroblasts and increase water content in the skin, so that it might reverse or delay the skin aging.

Purpose　To evaluate the therapeutic effect of laser-induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis for retinal vein occlusion　(RVO)．　Methods　The investigation included 28 consecutive patients　(28 eyes) with RVO．The non-ischemic group 18　cases　(18 eyes) were treated with the krypton red laser to induce chorioretinal venous anastomosis， the ischemic group underwent the same therapy and the grid or scatter-type photocoagulation at the same time． All of the eyes were followed up for more than 5 months， and with an average period of 6．6 months．　Results　Seven cases　(7 eyes， 38．9%) of the non-ischemic group created successful chorioretinal venous anastomosis， with mean improvement of 4．43±0．78　standard deviation　（±s） lines of best-corrected visual acuity compared to　0．19±0．67　（±s） lines for 11 eyes with unsuccessful anastomosis　(P<0．001)． None of the seven eyes developed to ischemic state． Four of the 11 eyes with unsuccessful anastomosis converted to ischemic type (36．4%)． Two cases of the ischemic group created successful anastomosis with improvement in visual acuity． The other cases had no change in visual acuity．　Conclusion　Laser-induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis is a new therapeutic method for RVO， especially for nonischemic type　and successful anastomosis can decrease the conversion rate of the vein occlusion to an ischemic state．

Objective: To study characteristics of children's EEG complexity at different ages and in different physiological states.Methods: The continuous 24 hour EEG recordings were obtained from 16 electrodes in 45 essential healthy children between the ages of 0 to 15 years. EEG complexity was analyzed by non linear measure in 7 states: awake with eyes opened, awake with eyes closed, NREM (nonrapid eye movements) sleep including stages ⅠandⅡ (light sleep), ⅢandⅣ(deep sleep) and REM (rapid eye movements) sleep. Meanwhile, the correlation was analyzed between complexity and ages.Results: (1)The global EEG complexity in state of being awake with eyes opened was greater than that with eyes closed;that in wakefulness state was greater than in sleep state. The EEG complexity gradually decreased with the increase of deep sleep in NREM sleep state.The complexity in REM sleep state was greater than that in deep sleep state, but lower than in wakefulness state. (2) The global EEG complexity was positively related to ages in state of being awake with eyes opened, state of being awake with eyes closed, light sleep, and not related to ages in deep-sleep state and REM sleep state.(3)In every brain area EEG complexity was positively related to ages in state of being awake with eyes closed .In paracentral region EEG complexity was positively related to ages in states of being awake with eyes opened and light sleep.Conclusion: The EEG complexity was used to study the brain dynamical characteristics in different physiology states and the relationship between encephalic electric activity and brain development. It can be used as an objective index to evaluate the function and development of brain.