Objective: The subjective global assessment(SGA) was used in maintenance hemodialysis patients(MHD)to evaluate the nutritional status. Methods: The subjective global nutritional assessment(SGA) and the combination of biochemical markers,anthropometric indices and dietary assessment were taken in 127 cases of hemodialysis patients. Result: In 127 cases of dialysis patients,75 cases were well-nourished persons,39 cases were mild to moderate malnutrition,13 cases were severe malnutrition,and the total incidence of malnutrition was 40.9%.The serum albumin,prealbumin,creatinine,triceps skinfold thickness,dietary protein intake and protein catabolic rate were different in different groups of nutritional status,while there was no significant difference of Kt/V in three groups. Conclusion: The higher incidence of malnutrition is related with the inadequate protein intake,inflammation and blood dialysis process in hemadialysis patients.

Objective:To investigate the current status and trends of group counseling research in China by bibliometric analysis and content analysis.Method:Using methods of bibliometrics and content analysis,Chinese papers on group counseling in 1996 -2013 which were found in CNKI were analyzed in 6 aspects including litera-ture number,sources,research type,topic,quality and competence of group counselors.Results:A total number of 516 papers were found,in which 51.0% of journal articles and 49.0% of dissertations.The research methods and topics were developing from outcome and quantitative research to multiple methods and topics including process re-search,process-outcome research,qualitative research,combined research and theoretical research.The problems were that researchers were still focused on outcome research (92.6%)and quantitative research (54.5%).As to research quality,40.7% of journal articles were published on CSSCI,22.5% of the experimental studies had no control groups,among which 43.3% were not randomized or matched,and 75.5% of outcome researches had not traced long-term effects.In 65.4% of the researches,group leaders'qualifications were not described.Conclusion:The group counseling research in China is developed quite rapidly,and the research type and topic are more di-verse,but the quality of the studies needs to be improved,and the competence of group leaders needs to be exam-ined.

One hundred and sixteen cases of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylopathy were treated by electroacupuncture on Fengchi (GB 20) and Jiaji (Ex-B 2, C2-5), cupping plus manipulation of pulling the rotated neck. The result showed 89 cases were cured, 21 cases were improved and 6 cases failed with the total effective rate of 94.8%.

Twenty-nine cases of postherpetic neuralgia of herpes zoster were treated by the surround needling with electric stimulation, and the better therapeutic effect was obtained, the total effective rate was 93.1%.

Nucleus raphe dorsalis (RD) plays an important role in acupuncture analgesia. We carried on further studies on the projections of RD from the forebrain and brain stem of the cat by using a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde axonal transport method.We have observed the labeled neurons in layer Ⅴ of the proreate gyrus, area prepyriformis, nucleus lateral habenular, and hypothalamic areas (preoptic, lateral, medial and posterior areas) when HRP was injected into the rostral part of the RD. The labeled neurons were giant pyriform in shape in prereate gyrus and area prepyriformis and various shapes in the lateral habenular and hypothalamic areas.We have also found the labeled neurons in the periaqueductal gray matter, locus coeruleus, lateral and medial parabrachial nuclei, other raphe nuclei (n. centralis superior, n. raphe magnus and n. linearis intermediate) and reticular formation of the brain stem when we injected HRP into the caudal part of the RD.This present results confirm that the fibers project to the RD directly from the forebrain cortex (proreate gyrus and area prepyriformis), latral habenular nucleus hypothalamic areas, periaqueductal gray matter, locus coeruleus and other raphe nuclei. We also have found that the afferent projections to the rostral part of the RD and the caudal part of the RD had different origins, that is, the rostral part receives fibers from the forebrain and the caudal part receives fibers not only from the forebrain, but also from the brain stem. The study provided a foundation for explaining acupuncture analgesia and physiological functions of RD.

Administration, Inhalation ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide Donors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Nitroglycerin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Nitroprusside ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

Education, Nursing, Continuing ; General Surgery ; education ; Humans ; Physicians

Infant neurodevelopmental assessment is a basic method of estimated high risk infant early development outcome.The early individualized neurodevelopmental assessment consist of monthly observations and evaluations of the infants' behavior modulation,motor repertoire which includes non functional and functional motor,autonomic system stability and muscle tensility,etc.The aims of early neurodevelopmental assessment are to discover the brain developmental abnormal and brain injure induced by various risk factors.Basis of the characteristics of which early brain development have better plasticity,administed early intervention and training,which can intervent neurodevelopmental problems such as cerebral palsy and developmental delay.By developmental assessment also make infant' parents to understand their children' ability and mental specialty,being help for infants' nursing,caring and early education.The applied of neurodevelopmental assessment can provide a new way and idea for infant' early development and intervention.

AIM: To study the regulatory effect two different estrogen reagents on expressions of estrogen receptor ? and ? in female rat hippocampus and cortex regions. METHODS: 12 cycles after ovariectomy, female rats were orally injected with premarin or progynova for 3 cycles before sacrificed. Semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the ERs mRNA expression and SP immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the ERs protein distribution and expression. RESULTS: In premarin group, ER ? mRNA levels in both hippocampus and cortex tissues decreased significantly compared with control. ER ? protein level in hippocampus was lower than that in the control. However, ER ? protein level in cortex had no statistical difference. ER ? mRNA in the two regions and ER ? protein in cortex had no statistical differences compared with control, while ER ? protein level in hippocampus was higher than that in the control. In progynova group, both mRNA and protein levels of ER ? increased significantly in the two regions compared with the control, and ER ? mRNA level also increased in hippocampus, but ER ? mRNA level in cortex and ER ? protein levels in the above two regions showed no statistical differences. CONCLUSION: There were differential regulatory effects on ER ? and ER ? expression in female rat cognitive regions between the two different types of estrogen reagents, which may be one of the mechanisms of varied effects in different estrogen replacement therapy reagents.