Genome replication of reovirus occurs in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies called viral factories or viroplasms. The viral nonstructural protein μNS, encoded by genome segment M3, is not a component of mature virions, but is expressed to high levels in infected cells and is concentrated in the infected cell factory matrix. Recent studies have demonstrated that μNS plays a central role in forming the matrix of these structures, as well as in recruiting other components to them for putative roles in genome replication and particle assembly.

Objective: To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Friendship Quality Inventory(FQI). Methods:1166 undergraduates were administered the Chinese version of FQI. Using EFA and CFA, a four-factor model was tested. The internal reliability, test-retest reliability and item-analysis were also examined. Results:EFA showed that undergraduates' friendship quality was composed of assistance and support, friends conflicts, companionship and intimacy. The NFI(0.993)、RFI(0.990)、TLI(0.995)、IFI(0.992)、CFI(0.995)、RMSEA(0.051)all met the criteria for adequacy of fit in CFA. The Cronbach's a coefficient of FQI was 0.754 and the four dimensions was 0.585～0.713; The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.792; The correlation coefficient of item-between-item in the same dimension was 0.184～0.470. Conclusion:The Chinese version of FQI has good reliability, validity as well as discrimination .

Objective To conclude the treatment of femoral shaft fractures with ipsilateral femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures by dynamic condlar screw(DCS) and proximal femoral nail(PFN).Methods From January 1998 to June 2005,35 patients of femoral shaft fractures were studied.10 patients were associated with ipsilateral femoral neck fractures,25 patients with ipsilateral intertrochanteric fractures.9 cases were treated with DCS.26 cases were treated with PFN.Results The follow-up ranged from 6 to 30 months with an average of 18 months.All the fractures healed up well except that 2 cases happened with ischemic femoral necrosis.The rate fractures healing was 94%.Conclusion DCS is an ideal method to treat stable fractures.PFN is excellent in less invasion and shorten operation time.DCS and PFN have obvious advantages of reliable fixation short,clinical healing time and post-operative restored function.

Objective To investigate the effect of membrane-cytoskelet on linker Ezrin in the invasion and migration of human adenocarcinoma cells line AGS. Methods Two small hair RNA targeting Villin2 gene ( Ezrin coding gene) was designed,chemically synthesized and inserted into plasmid pGenesil-shRNA,then transformed into E. coli DH5 ?. The recombinant plasmid was extracted in middle quantity and transfected into AGS cells by LipofectamineTM 2000. Ezrin expression in AGS cells transfected by shRNA recombinant plasmid was measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. AGS cells were transfected by effective shRNA plasmid and cultured in 1640 media containing G418 ( 800 ?g/ml) . RT-PCR and Western blotting were applied respectively to detect the Ezrin mRNA and protein expression to evaluate the blocking effect of shRNA-Ezrin. Cell migration and invasion was determined by scratch test and Transwell chamber assay. Results Our designed shRNA knocked down 93% Ezrin in AGS cells which had a stable expression of Ezrin small hairpin RNAs. The migrated cells number of Ezrin knocked-down group was 27. 67 ? 4. 50,which was significantly decreased compared with the control group ( 125. 50 ? 8. 33,P

The clinical symptoms of functional constipation in the elderly are more unique which represents as over concern about their bowel movement,excessive straining and worse feelings to the constipation.The intestinal physiological function declining with age,reductions of enteric neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal,neuronal degeneration and injured contractibility of intestinal smooth cells are enrolled in the pathogenesis of functional constipation.More attention should be paid to drug interactions and adverse effects in clinical practice due to more underlying disease and concomitant medication in the elderly.

Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is the product of excellence technology.It reschedules,registers according to tumor's size,shape and alteration of relative position with the surrounding tissue during the treatment.Thereby it raises the accuracy of the conformal radiotherapy.The technology is gradually being chosen by more and more patients.The technology can increase the rate of local control significantly,while reducing the occurrence of radiation-related adverse reactions.

Six patients with lung cancer treated with therapy were included. They were retrieved the image and re-planned by fraction 10. The volume of GTV was reduced (65. 59 ± 17. 09)% after three-stage treatments. The doses of target tumor were the same in three-stage treatments. Compared with IMRT, ART1 reduced V20 , V30 , MLD of whole lung by 2. 01%,2. 66%,241. 78 cGy(P=0. 005,0. 039,0. 026). Compared with ART1,ART2 further re-duced the indexes by 3. 21%,2. 97%,288. 64 cGy(P=0. 005,0. 013,0. 046). The doses of ipsilateral lung were reduced significantly (P<0. 05). But this was not for opposite lung. The dose V50,Dmean of heart and V55 of esopha-gus were similar to each plan. Dmean of esophagus with ART1 was smaller than with IMRT(261. 98 cGy,P=0. 002) and Dmean of esophagus with ART2 was smaller than with ART1(300. 43 cGy,P=0. 008). D2% and Dmean of spinal cord were reduced in turn significantly(P<0. 05).

Artificial bone replacement has made an important contribution to safeguard human health and improve the quality of life. The application requirements of rapid prototyping technology based on reverse engineering in individualized artificial bone with individual differences are particularly urgent. This paper reviewed the current research and applications of rapid prototyping and reverse engineering in artificial bone. The research developments and the outlook of bone kinematics and dynamics simulation are also introduced.
Biomedical Engineering ; Bone Substitutes ; Bone and Bones ; Humans

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism for the curative effect of douching with nasal sinuses perfusate in treating chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery.MethodsSeventy-six chronic sinusitis patients after endoscopic sinus surgery were divided into treatment group and control group by random digits table with 38 cases each.Every group was given postoperatively sinus flush,treatment group was flushed with nasal sinuses perfusate,while contro group was flushed with 0.9％ sodium chloride.Therapeutic effect was evaluated after two months.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared and the inflammation factor levels and changes of sinus mucosa were observed before and after treatment.ResultsIn treatment group,there were 21 cases to be cured,13 cases to be improved,4 cases to be useless,the total effective rate was 89.5％(34/38),while in control group,there were 12 cases to be cured,15 cases to be improved,11 cases to be useless,the total effective rate was 71.1％(27/38),the total effective rates between two groups were statistically significant(P ＜0.05).The levels of interferon (IFN)-γ,interleukin(IL)-2,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in treatment group were respectively ( 13.21 ± 1.38),( 14.59 ±1.43 ),(34.83 ± 5.31 ),( 39.93 ± 7.98 ) pg/L,which were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment [ (23.87 ± 1.76),( 16.13 ± 1.71 ),(67.37 ± 7.36),(81.82 ± 7.69) pg/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].The levels of IFN- γ,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in control group were respectively (20.13 ± 2.73 ),( 14.82 ± 2.26),(48.92 ±7.62),(43.87 ±8.25) pg/L,which were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment [ (24.06 ± 1.82 ),( 15.96 ± 1.74),(66.81 ± 8.24),(82.16 ± 7.34) pg/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].And the levels of IFN- γ,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsThat nasal flush with nasal sinuses perfusate for postoperative patients with chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery may improve the therapeutic effect and nasal sinuses perfusate formula is superior to 0.9％ sodium chloride alone,and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of inflammation factor release of sinus mucosa.

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of the intervertebral foramina and their alterations in the process of disc height loss in low lumbar spine in order to provide basic data for the diagnosis and treatment of foraminal stenosis. Methods Eight fresh cadaveric lumbar spines of L3 to S1 were obtained for study, which were cleaned off their surrounding muscles and kept the ligaments, annulus fibrous and nerve roots attached. The morphological characteristics of foramina of L4,5 and L5S1 and their anatomic relationships with the nerve roots were observed with and without nucleus pulposus in situ under different loading conditions (0, 300, 500 N). The foraminal dimensions including heights, maximal widths and minimal widths were measured, and the disc heights were measured on lateral radiograph under above loading conditions as well. Results Without any loading, the foramina were inverted teardrop shaped, the foramina of L4,5 were similar to that of L5S1. The nerve roots were located in the upper part of the foramina, and passed across the foramina obliquely. With 500 N loading, the shapes of the foramina and the relationships with the nerve roots were found to be changed little. After removal of nucleus pulposus and more loading was applied, the foramina became stenotic gradually and the nerve roots were pushed against the superior pedicle. The foraminal heights, maximal widths and the anterior, posterior disc heights became narrower, and were significantly different from those under no loading condition (P