Objective To analyze the risk factors for traumatic cerebral venous sinus occlusion (CVSO)and to investigate the strategies of early diagnosis of traumatic CVSO. Methods The clinical data of 212 patients with moderate to severe closed traumatic brain injury from January 2012 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for traumatic CVSO. Results Of the 212 patients with traumatic brain injury, 16.5%(35/212) patients had CVSO. Ten patients had CVSO of thrombotic type (typeⅠ), 16 patients had CVSO of compression type (typeⅡ), and 9 patients had CVSO of mixed type (typeⅢ). Logistic regression analysis showed that skull fracture (OR = 8.141; 95%CI: 3.224-20.840) and epidural hematoma of crossing venous sinus (OR = 3.179; 95%CI: 1.470-7.037) were the risk factors for CVSO, and the former was more significantly correlated with CVSO. Female gender was the risk factor for CVSO typeⅠ(OR =10.425; 95%CI: 1.831-30.053), epidural hematoma of crossing venous sinus was the risk factor for CVSO typeⅡ(OR = 5.766; 95%CI: 1.885-18.197), and skull fracture, epidural hematoma of crossing venous sinus, and the previous history of vein thrombosis was the risk factors for CVSO type Ⅲ(OR =18.005, 4.596, 11.394; 95%CI: 2.021-58.836, 1.144-19.525, 1.436-46.558). Conclusions In the early diagnosis of traumatic CVSO, the crossing venous sinus fracture line and epidural hematoma should be given attention. Attention should be paid to the history of venous thrombosis. MR venography and CT venography contributes to early diagnosis of CVSO.

Gambogic acid is the main active component of Garcinia hanburyi Hook. f. ，which can inhibit the growth of a variety of tumor cells. However ，its low solubility ，short half-life and poor stability limit its clinical application to a certain extent. In order to improve the above shortcomings and improve the bioavailability of gambogic acid ，many studies have used covalent binding and physical encapsulation methods to obtain a new gambogic acid delivery system with targeting ，high permeability ，stability， biocompatibility，in vivo long circulation and other properties ，such as polymer prodrug delivery system ，anoxic prodrug delivery system，magnetic field responsive prodrug delivery system ，multi environment sensitive prodrug delivery system ，bionic nano drug delivery system. This paper reviews the new drug delivery system and its characteristics of gambogic acid. The results show that the design of drug carrier has greatly improved the defects of gambogic acid ，and the introduction of more responsive groups into gambogic acid drug carrier may make it achieve better antitumor effect.

Adolescent ; Decision Making ; Emotions ; Humans