Objective To study the combination treatment of lfexible/lfexible sheath and rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy (F-ul) for upper and middle ureteral stones. Methods The clinical data of patients diagnosed of upper and middle ureteral stones were collected. The treated group (110 cases):ifrstly treated with rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy to broke and removed stones through lfexible sheath, then the lfexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy was used to broke and removed stones through lfexible sheath;The control group (110 cases):traditional operation for ureter calculi. The clinical data was compared between the two groups. Results The effective ratio of treatment group is 90.0%, which was better than that of control group (87.3%) (P>0.05). The operation time, stone processing time of treatment group were signiifcantly shorter than those of control group (P<0.05), and F-ul using time was signiifcantly much more (P<0.05). The hospitalization time and complication rate were no signiifcantly difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The method of combining flexible/flexible sheath and rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy for upper and middle ureteral stones was better than that of traditional operation, which worth to be popularize in clincal treatment.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy in semisupine-lithotomy position for treatment of encrusted ureteral stents . Methods Patients were placed in semisupine-lithotomy position .The bladder stones and ureteral encrusted stones were treated with ureteroscopy , and then percutaneous holmium laser nephrolithotomy was used to break and wash out the renal pelvis stones and renal new stones . Results The stone fragmentation and stent removal were completed in one session in all 5 cases without conversion to open surgery .The mean operative time was 65 min (range, 40-130 min).No massive hemorrhage, ureteral avulsion, or ureteral perforration occurred during the operation .Two cases had postoperative fever without sepsis .No patients had ureteral stricture or recurrent calculus within follow-ups for 3 -6 months. Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy in semisupine-lithotomy position for treatment of encrusted ureteral stents is safe and effective , being worthy of clinical promotion .