Objective To measure the thickness of the iliotibial band(ITB)in normal adult volunteers and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ITB injury.Methods Ultrasonography was used to measure the thickness of the ITB in 20 normal adult volunteers,which were compared with the sonographic findings in 11 patients with iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBFS).Results The thickness of the ITB in normal volunteers was(1.55±0.40)mm at the level of the femoral condyle and(2.05±0.30)mm at the insertions of tibial tubercle(Gerdy's tubercle).There were no significant differences between the right and left sides.In each of 11 patients with ITBFS,there was a more ITB thickness in symptomatic side than that of asymptomatic side(more than 30% in the difference between two sides).The ITB had a area of decreased echoginicity in symptomatic side.The thickened position of ITB were at insertion resion in 6 cases,at the level of femoral condyle in 3 cases and diffuse in 2 cases.Bursa fluid were found in 4 cases.Conclusions Ultrasonography can effectively evaluate the degree and range of ITB injury,and can give important information for clinical theraphy.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound in diagnosing shoulder lesions.Methods Ultrasound images were obtained by two museuloskeletal sonologists in 111 patients suspected of having rotator cuff and non-rotator cuff lesions which were confirmed by following arthroscopic surgery.Results The arthroscopic findings demonstrated that there were two or more lesions in one patient in majority of patients,included 67 supraspinous tendon tears,5 infraspinous or subscapular tendon injuries,10 calcific tendonosis,2suprascapular notch cysts,34 subaeromial bursitis,1 intrabursa loose body,13 biceps longus tendon dislocation or disruption,and 21 lahrum injury.The accuracy of ultrasonogrpahy was 92% in diagnosis of supraspinous tendons tear,97% in subscapular tendon inj uries,96% in calcific tendonitis,1 00% in suprascapular notch cysts,88% in subacromial bursitis,100% in biceps longus tendon dislocation or disruption,and 81% in labrum injury.Conclusions Ultrasound can evaluate shoulder lesions effectively.

Objective To explore the principal component analysis (PCA)-Logistic regression model in predicting hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in patients with craniocerebral injury, and find the influencing factors of mortality and HAP occurrence in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods One hundred and eight patients with craniocerebral injury, admitted to our hospital from December 2011 to November 2017, were chosen in our hospital. Clinical diagnoses, 36 treatment indicators and laboratory results were constituted the original data set; 12 principal components with cumulative contribution>2/3 were extracted as independent variables, and mortality and HAP occurrence were as dependent variables to establish PCA-Logistic regression model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to forecast performance of PCA-R model. Results PCA-Logistic regression showed that 4 principal components had significant influence in mortality, and 5 principal components had significant influence in HAP outcomes. Open craniocerebral injury and coagulation changes were the clinical indexes with the highest coefficient when mortality was the outcome index. Gender and parenteral nutrition were the clinical indexes with the highest coefficient when HAP was outcome index. PCA-R model was able to identify the risk factors and forecast the clinical outcomes (HAP, sensitivity:83.9％, specificity: 94.8％, area under the curve [AUC]: 0.949; mortality, sensitivity: 92.3％, specificity:93.7％, AUC: 0.983). Conclusion PCA-Logistic regression model can effectively mine the clinical variables of patients with craniocerebral injury; insufficiency of blood perfusion after severe craniocerebral injury is an important factor affecting the survival of patients, and abnormal nutritional support may be an important clinical factor affecting the occurrence of HAP in patients.