Objective To master iodine nutritional status of people after universal salt iodization in Xining that reached the stage goal of elimination iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In the 7 counties investigated of Xining in 2009, 5 towns were randomly selected in each county, and one school was randomly selected in each town, 80 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school, and goiter were examined, urinary iodine and salt iodine were tested. Thyroid gland goiter of children was detected by thyroid palpation, children's urinary iodine was tested by As( Ⅲ )-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration. Results A total of 2919 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, 31 goiter was detected, goiter rate was 1.06%(31/2919).One thousand and seventy-eight urine samples were detected, urinary iodine median was 205.3 μg/L, that lower than 20 μg/L accounted for 1.9% (20/1078), lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 4.5%(48/1078). Two thousand and seventy-nine salt samples were detected, median of salt iodine was 32.80 mg/kg, the rate of non-iodized salt was 0.87%(18/2079), the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.13%(2061/2079), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.64% (2033/2061), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.79% (2033/2079). Conclusions Prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved remarkable results in Xining city, all indicators have reached the national standard to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Kangquan Recipe (KQR) on sex steroids and cell proliferation in an experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) model in rats.

METHODSSeventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal group, the model group, the finasteride group, and the low-, middle-, and high-dose KQR groups, 12 in each group. Except those in the normal group, the rats were injected with testosterone after castration for the establishment of BPH model and then given respectively with normal saline, finasteride, and low-, middle-, and high-dose of KQR for 30 days. The levels of plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol (E(2)) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the mRNA expression ) of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in prostate tissue was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after administration.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the prostate weight, the plasma T, and the mRNA expression of PCNA were significantly lower, and the plasma E(2) and the ratio of E(2)/T were higher in the three KQR groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prostate weight, plasma T and E(2), and ratio of E(2)/T among the finasteride group and the three KQR groups (P>0.05). The mRNA expressions of PCNA were significantly higher in the middle- and low-dose of KQR groups than those in the finasteride group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONKQR shows multitarget effects on experimental BPH rats, and the mechanism might be related with regulating the balance of plasma T and E(2) and decreasing the PCNAmRNA expression in prostate tissue to restrain cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cookbooks as Topic ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostate ; drug effects ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the establishment of synapses between the cortical neurons and the neuron-like cells difierentiated from the marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)in a simulated transplantation system in vitro.Methods The BMSCs from green fluorescent protein(GFP)transgenic mice(GFP-GM-BMSCs) were isolated, cultured and purified in vitro.The third passage of GFP-GM-BMSCs were co-cultured with primary cultured cortical neurons and gliai cells in a simulated transplantation system in serum-free medium conmining 2%B27 supplemented with 20 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and 20 ng/mL epidermal growth factor(EGF).On day 10 of the co-culture,FM1-43,a fluorescent dye specific to active synaptic vesicles,was used to observe synapses formation between the cells under fluorescence microscope. Results The GFP.GM-BMSCsco-cultured with the neural cells in the Serum-free medium containing bFGF and EGF differentiated into neuron-like cells 7 days after the co-culture.On day 10 ofthe co-culture,FM1-43 dye-positive synaptic vesicles were foundin the cell culture,locating mostly in the cell body,processes and terminal sffuctures ofthe neuron-like cells. Conclusions The neuron-like cells derived from GFP-GM-BMSCs can form synapses with the coRical neurons in the simulated cell transplantation system in vitro.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of embolization of cerebral dural atreriovenous fistulas (cDAVF) of the eavemous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Methods Twnety-seven patients with eDAVF of the cavernous sinus were embolized through the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Cerebral angiography and follow-up examination of the patients were performed to evaluate the effect ofernbolization. Results The fistulae showed complete angiographic disappearance in 15 patients, and 12 patients had blood velocity flow reduction at the fistula orifice. Ocular proptosis and chemosis deteriorated transiently in 11 patients after the procedure. The patients were followed-op for 3 to 48 months, and clinical cure was achieved in 17 patients, and 10 showed significant symptom relief. Conclusion cDAVF of the cavernous sinus can be effectively embolized through the superior ophthalmic vein approach.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of reverse radial hypothenar flap for finger soft tissue defect.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 13 cases (14 fingers) with finger soft tissue defects were treated with reverse radial hypothenar flaps pedicled with ulnar palmar digital artery of little finger. The defects were 1.9 cm x 1.5 cm -4.0 cm x 2.0 cm in size. The flap size ranged from 1.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 4.0 cm x 2.0 cm.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived completely with primary healing both in donor and recipient area. 12 cases (13 fingers) were followed up for 1-3 years. The flaps color was similar to the unaffected fingers. Cicatricial contracture happened in one case due to contracture of palmar fascia. The two-point discrimination distance on flap was 3.2-5.3mm. The active and passive movement of finger joints was evaluated as excellent in 12 fingers, good in one finger. There was no complaint about the feeling at the donor site. Two months after operation, all patients could go back to work.

CONCLUSIONSThe reverse radial hypothenar flap is very suitable for finger soft tissue defect with less morbidity to donor site.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

Tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer of esophagus are usually removed by thoracoscopic resection. With the introduction of new endoscopic therapeutic techniques, some of these tumors could be treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the above endoscopic methods are associated with a high risk of perforation and it is hard to close the perforation through the endoscopy. Recently we successfully resected a tumor originating from the muscularis propria layer of the esophagus by submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER), which was based on peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and ESD. Compared with ESD, STER is a safe, economic and less invasive treatment. Even when perforation happens, it is easier to close the tunnel with the endoscopic clips which can help stopping the leak of air and digestive fluids. In this case, we found STER wss an effective and safe endoscopic procedure to remove tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer in the esophagus.
Adult ; Dissection ; methods ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Esophagoscopy ; methods ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Male

OBJECTIVESOrthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is an accepted therapy for selected patients with advanced liver diseases. However, the early mortality rate after OLT remains relatively high due to the poor selection of candidates with various serious conditions. The aim of this study is to assess the value of pretransplantation artificial liver support treatment in reducing the pre-operation risk factors relating to early mortality after OLT.

METHODS50 adult patients in various stages of different etiologies who underwent OLT procedures had been treated with molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS) preoperatively. The study was designed in two parts: the first one was to evaluate the effectiveness of a single MARS therapy by using some clinical and laboratory parameters which were supposed to be therapeutical pretransplantation risk factors. The second part was to study the patients undergoing OLT by using the regression analysis on preoperation risk factors relating to early (within 30 d after OLT) mortality rate.

RESULTSAmong the 50 patients, a statistically significant improvement of the biochemical parameters was observed (pretreatment vs posttreatment). 8 patients cancelled their scheduled LTXs due to significant improvements in their clinical conditions or recovery of their failing liver functions. 8 patients died and 34 patients successfully underwent LTX. The immediate outcome (within 30 postoperative days) of these 34 patients was that 28 were kept alive and 6 died.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperation sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), level of creatinine, INR, TNFalpha, and IL-10 are the main preoperative risk factors relating to early death after an operation. MARS treatment before a transplant operation can relieve these factors significantly, hence improve survival rate of liver transplantation or even make the transplantation unnecessary.

Aged ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Liver Cirrhosis ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Liver, Artificial ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Preoperative Care ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the regulatory effect of interleukin-10 (IL10) on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) through platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.

METHODSHSC were divided randomly into 4 groups. Group 1 served as a control. HSC were incubated with 1 ng/ml, 5 ng/ml, and 25 ng/ml IL-10 in groups 2, 3 and 4. RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of PDGF and MAPK protein ERK and p38 and alpha-SMA.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, expressions of ERK, p38 and alpha-SMA of groups 2, 3 and 4 were significantly lower (F values were 240.47, 21.39, 28.86 respectively. IL-10 inhibited PDGF and MAPK protein ERK and p38 and alpha-SMA expression in a dose-dependent way.

CONCLUSIONIL-10 inhibits activation of HSC through the PDGF/MAPK pathway.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Interleukin-10 ; pharmacology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; biosynthesis ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, and explore the relationship between MDSC and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

METHODSBone marrow, peripheral blood and peripheral blood stem cells were obtained from 12 healthy hemopoietic stem cell donors before and on day 5 after G-CSF mobilization. Flow cytometry was employed to examine the number of MDSC, and the relationship between MDSC number and the incidence of GVHD was analyzed.

RESULTSIn normal physiological conditions, MDSC could be detected in the peripheral blood and bone marrow with a cell percentages of (1.35±0.35)% and (2.44±1.11)%, respectively, showing a significantly higher cell percentage in the bone marrow (P=0.015). On the 5th day after G-CSF mobilization, the percentage of MDSCs increased to (4.01±1.82)% in the peripheral blood and to (4.38±2.19)% in the bone marrow, showing no significant difference between them (P=0.083). The mobilization caused a significant increase in the number of MDSCs in the peripheral blood (P=0.047) but not in the bone marrow (P=0.761). The number of MDSCs in the collected samples showed a significant inverse correlation to the incidence of GVHD (P=0.048).

CONCLUSIONSMDSCs are present in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of healthy donors, with a greater number in the bone marrow. G-CSF can mobilize the MDSCs from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood to increase number of MDSCs in the peripheral blood, which may contribute to a lowered incidence of GVHD in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study is to explore the operation method and efficacy through retroperitoneal laparoscopy combined with urethral resection for treatment of renal pelvic carcinoma.

METHODSTotal nephroureterectomy with excision of bladder cuff by retroperitoneal laparoscopy plus urethral resection was performed in 18 patients with pathologically confirmed pelvic transitional cell carcinoma (II-III, T1N0M0-T2N0M0). The operation was performed using Olympus celioscope (30 degrees or 0 degree) under general anesthesia. First, a 10 mm incision was made at the intersection of midaxillary line and superior border 2 cm from crista iliaca, then a self-made hyponome filled with 250-300 ml water was put through the small incision in order to open the retroperitoneal space, followed by getting the hyponome out and perfusing CO2 into the retroperitoneal space to make a pneumoretroperitoneum. Finally, the celioscope was put into the retroperitoneal space to operate. During the operation, electric coagulation was used to stop bleeding and the bladder was not irrigated.

RESULTSThe operation was successfully performed in 18 patients without any complication. The operative time ranged from 150 to 190 min with a mean of 160 min. The hospital stay after operation was 7 to 10 days. There was no tumor recurrence or metastasis or implantation in all these patients after follow-up of 1-19 months.

CONCLUSIONCompared with regular operation mode, retroperitoneal laparoscopy plus urethral resection for treatment of renal pelvic carcinoma is a minimally invasive treatment with less bleeding and quick recovery.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; surgery ; Kidney Pelvis ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery