Abstract: Objective To analyze the occupational hazards of enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen in 2017. Methods Occupational hazards were analyzed in 200 enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City selected using stratified Results random sampling method. A total of 24 industries were involved in the 200 enterprises. The declaration rate of ， occupational hazards was 91.5% and the exposure rate of occupational hazards among workers was 49.2%. The regular monitoring rate of occupational hazard factors in workplaces of the enterprises was 79.5%. There were 129 kinds of occupational ， ， hazard factors of which 19 factors exceeded the national occupational exposure limit accounting for 14.7%. The over standard ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， rates of noise silica dust cotton dust methanol toluene and other dust were 28.7% 13.6% 11.8% 5.86% 0.5% and ， ， 0.4% respectively. There were 13 kinds of occupational hazard factors in the workplace of metal products industry all of which （ ） exceeded the occupational exposure limit. The exposure rate 56.7% of occupational hazard factors in workers was the highest. Conclusion ， ， The main occupational hazard factors were noise dust and chemical factor and the major occupational hazard industry was metal manufacturing in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City.

OBJECTIVETo identify the relative factors of recent discovered atrial fibrillation (AF) following isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

METHODSClassified the 649 cases undergoing isolated CABG from January 2005 to December 2006 to two groups according to whether AF appeared after operation. Collected the peri-operative data and operative strategy, then analyzed with single-factor analysis and Logistic regression.

RESULTSThe incidence of AF was 8.0% (52 cases), and 84.6% (44 cases) recovered sinus-rhythm leaving hospital. Age, standard European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (EuroSCORE), ratio of high-operative-risk, left atrium diameter and ratio of left coronary artery dominance were higher in AF group than in non-AF group. Age, eject fraction, left atrium diameter, operative risk evaluation, left coronary artery dominance and anastomosis on right coronary artery were the relative factors of recent discovered AF following isolated CABG. But off-pump operation, prescription of adrenergic beta-antagonists pre-operatively and degree of coronary artery stenosis had no influence to AF.

CONCLUSIONSAF following CABG is a result of common influence by many factors. EuroSCORE might forecast partially the incidence of AF following CABG. Improve the myocardial protection and reduce the surgical damage during operative progress maybe the mostly approach to decrease the incidence of AF following CABG.

Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; etiology ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2) in transdifferentiated human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cell induced by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1).

METHODSThe transdifferentiation of HK-2 cells was detected by evaluation of expression of alpha-SMA by cytoimmunochemistry and RT-PCR. The VEGF mRNA was evaluated with RT-PCR. The secreted VEGF in the culture media was measured with ELISA. The cellular VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 were measured with Western blot.

RESULTSThe immunostain of alpha-SMA were positive in HK-2 cell induced by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 5 and 8 ng/ml for 72 h. The expression of alpha-SMA mRNA was induced by TGFbeta1 in concentration- and time-dependent manners. The expressions of mRNA and protein of VEGF were upregulated by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 0.1 and 1 ng/ml for 72 h and at the concentration of 8 ng/ml for 12 h and 24 h when compared with the control. But expressions of mRNA and protein of VEGF were downregulated by TGFbeta1 at the concentration of 3, 5, and 8 ng/ml for 72 h and at the concentration of 8 ng/ml for 36, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Meanwhile, Protein levels of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were upregulated by TGFbeta1 in concentration- and time- dependent manners.

CONCLUSIONSIncreased expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 and two-phase change in VEGF expression occurred in the process of tubular epithelial transdifferentiation induced by TGFbeta1. Reduced expression of VEGF may contribute to tubular epithelial transdifferentiation in a vicious circle.

Cell Differentiation ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the occupational stress and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

METHODSThe subject was 93 male freight train dispatchers, the occupational stressors, personalities, and occupational strain response were measured by using questionnaires. Blood pressure, heart rate, the concentrations of the cholesterol, triglyceride, and glycosylated hemoglobin in blood serum were also measured.

RESULTSSocial support score were significantly positively related to systolic pressure (r = 0.22) and diastolic pressure (r = 0.30) (P < 0.05), while job satisfaction negatively related to them and concentration of triglyceride (r = -0.37, -0.47 and -0.28 respectively, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and self-esteem negatively to systolic pressure (r = -0.21, P < 0.05). The differences in diastolic pressure [(78.5 +/- 13.1), (83.6 +/- 8.2), (88.1 +/- 12.3), (85.8 +/- 9.8) mm Hg, P < 0.05] among groups of social support score, body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.01) among groups of job difficulty the differences in systolic pressure [(124.9 +/- 14.4), (129.7 +/- 13.1), (118.4 +/- 16.4), (133.5 +/- 23.1) mm Hg] and diastolic pressure [(85.5 +/- 11.3), (87.0 +/- 9.8), (80.1 +/- 10.1), (88.9 +/- 12.0) mm Hg] and cholesterol level in serum [(4.96 +/- 1.18), (5.39 +/- 0.85), (5.00 +/- 1.15), (4.34 +/- 0.91) mmol/L] among groups of vulnerability to stress (P < 0.05), as well as the difference in systolic pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin level in serum among groups of competition score (P < 0.05) were all statistically significant. Stepwise regression analysis showed that job time demands and negative coping affected the change of cholesterol (R(2) > 0.05); the job relation decision latitude, social support, job difficulty, personality (self-esteem and anxiety trait) and negative coping were the predictors of smoking (R(2) > 0.05). Heart rate was related to home income and competition factor of Type A Behavior (R(2) = 0.06).

CONCLUSIONThe psychosocial stress aspects of work may be related to some cardiovascular risk factors.

Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; complications ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

AlM: To measure the retinal electrical activities in patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) by applying multifocal electroretinogram ( mf-ERG) and evaluate the degree of visual damage at different stages of DR
METHODS:Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) aged 50 ~70 years old, excluding other diseases, were as normal group, and 99 cases ( 99 eyes ) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were as experiment group. The cases received mf-ERG examination in the standard state, respectively. The results were statistically analyzed
RESULTS: For DR patients with early and background stage, the reaction density of mf - ERG P1 wave decreased as the disease worsened, significantly reduced in non - proliferating stage and decreased more significantly in the background of the stage Ⅲ. This showed that in the macula, electrical activity had weakened before the retina without visual or morphological changes, and with the development of the disease, the electrical activity decreased more obviously.
CONCLUSlON:mf-ERG can evaluate the severity of DR, especially suit in the early and background period of DR.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of embolization of cerebral dural atreriovenous fistulas (cDAVF) of the eavemous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Methods Twnety-seven patients with eDAVF of the cavernous sinus were embolized through the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Cerebral angiography and follow-up examination of the patients were performed to evaluate the effect ofernbolization. Results The fistulae showed complete angiographic disappearance in 15 patients, and 12 patients had blood velocity flow reduction at the fistula orifice. Ocular proptosis and chemosis deteriorated transiently in 11 patients after the procedure. The patients were followed-op for 3 to 48 months, and clinical cure was achieved in 17 patients, and 10 showed significant symptom relief. Conclusion cDAVF of the cavernous sinus can be effectively embolized through the superior ophthalmic vein approach.

Objective To investigate the molecular-epidemiologic characteristics and genotypes of human calicivirus (HuCVs) in acute diarrhea patients in Hangzhou from 2009 to 2010.Methods Epidemiologic data and fecal specimens were collected from patients with acute diarrhea.HuCVs of 920 specimens were detected by PCR.PCR products of several positive samples were randomly selected and sequenced.All the sequences were analyzed,phylogenetically.Results 201HuCVs positive cases were identified from 920 facal specimens (21.8％).25 isolates would include norovims G Ⅰ -type,G Ⅱ -type for 170 strains and sapovirus for 1 1 strains.Norovirus G Ⅰ -type and G Ⅱ -type were detected in four specimens at the same time.Other specimens were mixed infection with norovirus G Ⅱ -type and sapovirus.Genotypes of HuCVs showed that norovirus G Ⅰ subtypes were G Ⅰ -1 (3 strains) and G Ⅰ -2 (1 strain).Norovirus G Ⅱ subtypes were G Ⅱ -4/2006b variant strains (7 strains),GⅡ-2 (1 strain),G Ⅱ -7 (1 strain) and G Ⅱ -4/2008 variant strains (2 strains) ;Sapovirus subtypes were G Ⅰ -2 (5 strains),G Ⅰ -1 (4 strains) and G Ⅱ-1 ( 1 strain).The prevalence rates of HuCVs were different in seasons and age groups.Conclusion HuCVs were one of the major pathogens causing acute diarrhea.Both multiple viruses and genotypes of HuCVs were found in the specimens.G Ⅱ-4/2006b variant and similar strains were identified,probably as the prevalent strains from 2009 to 2010 in Hangzhou,Zhejiang province.

OBJECTIVETo observe the injury on micro-skin induced by a self designed micro-skin machine.

METHODSMicro-skin was produced either with the machine or by hand. Cells at the edge of micro-skin were observed by transmission electron microscope. succinic dehydrogenase activity in supernatant of cultivated cells was analyzed, and the cell proliferation of micro-skin was assessed by (3)H-TdR. Twenty patients were enrolled in the study for the observation of the wound healing time between the two groups of micro-skin after being grafted.

RESULTSTransmission electron microscope examination revealed that the cellular injury at the edge of the micro-skin in machine-made group was mild compared with that in man-made group. (3)H-TdR rate was elevated but the activity of succinic dehydrogenase in the supernatant of cultured cells decreased in supernatant of cultured cells of machine produced micro-skin. Wound healing time was shortened in machine made group. (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe cellular injury at the edge of micro-skin in the machine made group was mild when compared with that in the man-made group with cell proliferation accelerated and wound healing time shortened.

Burns ; surgery ; Cell Division ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Skin ; ultrastructure ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo observe the survival and the number of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplanted in the contused spinal cord, so as to provide a basis for further studying the biological action of OECs.

METHODSThe rat spinal cords were contused with NYU-impactor II at T10 level by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm. At the 1st week after injury, OECs isolated freshly from green fluorecense protein (GFP) of the rats were transplanted into the spinal cord at injured site and other two sites 1 mm apart from the caudal and rostral ends with the OECs number of 30000/μl x 3 = 90000. The survival and the number of OECs were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively observed under the fluorescense microscope from 1 week to 13 weeks after transplantation. The motor function of the cord was evaluated with BBB score.

RESULTSGFP-OECs could survive at least for 13 weeks within the contused spinal cord. Their arrangement was from tight to loose and their number was decreased from 1 week to 13 weeks after injury. The average number of GFP-OECs was 536 at the 1st week, which was less than 1% of the number as compared with original transplantation. After then, the number of GFP-OECs was continually decreased, but the most obvious decrease was found during 1 week to 2 weeks. The extent of decrease at other time points was relatively mild. In contrast to the cell number, motor function of the cord was gradually recovered after transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSThe survival and the number of GFP-OECs are different between the animals and are affected by the pathological reaction of the host cord. Also it is related to the motor function recovery of the contused cord.

Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Survival ; Cell Transplantation ; Motor Activity ; Nerve Degeneration ; Olfactory Bulb ; cytology ; transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord ; physiopathology ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the present situations of lung cancer in Wuhan and to explore the relationship between the potential years of life lost of lung cancer and air pollution, especially vehicle emissions.

METHODSData gathered between 1986 and 1995 in Wuhan city, including air pollution and tobacco production and data on lung cancer between 1991 and 2000 were collected extensively. Simple Correlation and Grey Relational Analysis were used to analyze the relationship of them.

RESULTSThere was a ascending tendency in variance of oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The degree of grey incidence (DGI) between the concentration of air pollutants and the male's or female's potential years of life lost of lung cancer (PYLL) were calculated respectively. In males, the values of DGI were 0.6702, 0.7071, 0.6199 on sulfur dioxide (SO2), NOx, total suspensions (TSP) respectively. In females,the values of DGI were 0.6188, 0.8555, 0.5842 according to the same order as listed above. Significant positive correlation was found between the concentration of NOx and with lung cancer in both males and females by spearman correlation test (rmale = 0.63523, P = 0.0484; rfemale = 0.76396, P = 0.0101).

CONCLUSIONWith the fast growing speed of the quantity of vehicles, pollution of vehicle emission-caused air pollution posed an important risk factor for lung cancer, despite the fact that tobacco smoking still played the leading role.

Air Pollution ; adverse effects ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; mortality ; Male ; Nitrogen Oxides ; analysis ; Sulfur Dioxide ; analysis ; Vehicle Emissions ; analysis