In this research, the zuelacmycin-producing strain Streptomyces venezuelaevar. qinlingensis RL-2 was used as original strain, the spore suspension of which was induced by UV, LiCl and the compound treatmeat (UV+LiCl) respectively. The zuelacmycin-high-yield strain UVL-108 was obtained by the treatment that the exposure time under UV irradition was 45 s and the concentration of LiCl was 0.4%. The heredity characters of mutant UVL-108 were stable in succesive six generations. The antibacterial activity and the fermentation titer of mutant UVL-108 were determinded by bidirectioned culture and mycelial linear growth respectively. The results demonstrated the antibaterial activity of mutant UVL-108 was improved by 77%, and the relative toxicity of fermentation to Phyricularia grisea was improved by two times compared with the original strain.

The study provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of a elastase-high-yield strain which was isolated from the straw,and the selected strain was identified. The screening strategy included casein(skim milk) plate selecting and elastin(beef tendon) re-screening. And then,the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA sequence homology of the selected strain were studied. Finally,the strain LSF-97 which had a excellent decomposing ability to beef tendon was obtained. The results showed that the strain LSF-97 is relative to the Bacillus pumilus with 100 % similar in sequence under the phylogenetic tree,the morphological and physiological and biochemical characteristics are also consistent with pattern of bacteria. So it was identified as Bacillus pumilus.

The study was aimed to investigate the effect of artesunate (ART) on the apoptosis of HL-60 cells in vitro and the expression of Bcl-2 and ICAD in the process of apoptosis induced by ART. The inhibition of ART on HL-60 cells were evaluated by means of MTT assay; cell apoptosis was detected by light microscopy, agarose gel electro-phoresis, flow cytometry; Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Bcl-2 and ICAD in cells during apoptosis induced by ART. The results showed that ART could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells in time-and dose-dependent manner. After treating HL-60 cells with ART for 48 hours, the IC(50) values was 18.33 microg/ml and its inhibition effect contributed to the induced apoptosis. Bcl-2 and ICAD proteins both all expressed in HL-60 cells, the level of expression declined as concentration increased. It is concluded that artesunate may induce apoptosis of HL-60 cells in vitro, Bcl-2 and ICAD may be an important control factor in the signal transduction pathway of ART-induced apoptosis.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of using natural poritos as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering (TE) and repair of caprine mandibular segmental defect with titanium reticulum reinforced.

METHODSNatural poritos with a pore of 190-230 microm in size and porosity of about 50percent-65percent was molded into the shape of granules 5 mm x 5 mm x 5 mm in size. Expanded autologous caprine marrow mesenchymal stem cells were induced by recombinant human morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2) to improve osteoblastic phenotype. Then marrow derived osteoblasts were seeded into poritos in density of 4 x 10(7)/ml and incubated in vitro for 48 hours prior to implantation. Then osteoblastic cells/poritos complexes were implanted into mandibular defect and the defect was reinforced by titanium reticulum. Implantation of poritos alone acted as the control. Bone regeneration was assessed 4, 8, 16 weeks after implantation using roentgenographic analysis and histological observation was done after 16 weeks.

RESULTSNew bone could be observed histologically on the surface and in the pores of natural coral in all specimens in the cell-seeding group, whereas in the control group there was no evidence of osteogenesis process in the center of the construction. The results showed that new bone grafts were successfully restored 16 weeks after implantation.

CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests the feasibility of using porous coral as scaffold material transplanted with marrow derived osteoblasts by TE method. By means of titanium reticulum reinforcement, mandibular defect could be successfully restored. It shows the potentiality of using this method for the reconstruction of bone defect in clinic.

Animals ; Anthozoa ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Chondrogenesis ; Goats ; Mandible ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; transplantation ; Osteogenesis ; Porosity ; Radiography ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Stents ; Tissue Engineering ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in cerebral blood flow in patients with maxillary defect treated with prosthesis insertion.

METHODSThirty patients with maxillary defect receiving obturator prosthesis insertion were enrolled with another 30 subjects without dentition defect as the control. The cerebral blood flow rate was recorded before and at 5 and 10 min during mastication, and the results were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in Vs, Vd or Vm between the two groups at the time points for measurement.

CONCLUSIONThe blood supply by the middle cerebral artery is similar between the patients receiving obturator prosthesis insertion for maxillary defect and the subjects with full denture.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Denture, Complete ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastication ; physiology ; Maxilla ; injuries ; Maxillofacial Prosthesis ; Middle Aged ; Middle Cerebral Artery

A FAST (fluorescence of advanced Maillard products and Soluble Tryptophan) method for identification of reconstituted milk made from skim milk powder in the fresh milk was developed. Considering milk and skim milk powders variations from different seasons and countries, milk was collected from different dairy farms in different seasons and skim milk powders were collected from different countries to measure the Tryptophan (Trp), advanced Maillard products (AMP) fluorescence values. The results showed that there were differences (P<0.01) between raw and reconstituted milk. The plot of values in each mixed level of raw and reconstituted milk had a correlation coefficient >0.97. The FAST method is a simple, rapid, low-cost and sensitive method enabling the detection of 5% reconstituted milk in fresh milk. The measurement of the Trp, AMP fluorescence values and calculation of the FAST index is a suitable method for large-scale monitoring of fresh milk samples.
Animals ; Cattle ; Food Analysis ; methods ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; analysis ; Maillard Reaction ; Milk ; chemistry ; classification ; Powders ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Tryptophan ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of catecholamine hormone on the blood and brain of heroin addicts.

METHODSRats were divided into three groups and treated with the glucose (control group), the heroin (im) (heroin group), and the combination of the intramuscular injection of reserpine and heroin (reserpine group). Changes in the levels of the dopamine (DA), cAMP, and cGMP were detected by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method in the blood and brain tissue.

RESULTSNo significant withdrawal symptoms were observed in the reserpine group. Compared with the control and heroin groups, the blood cAMP levels were increased by 35.36% and 15.53% in the reserpine group, respectively; the cAMP levels in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (Hipp) were increased by 24.08% & 8.53%, 15.66% & 8.13%, and 21.95% & 8.40%, respectively. While compared to the control and heroin groups, the DA levels of the PFC, Hipp, striatum, and nucleus accumbens (NAc) were significantly reduced in the reserpine group, decreasing by 74.09% & 82.86%, 81.06% & 82.23%, 91.62% & 86.55% and 84.35% & 90.63%, respectively. The concentrations of cGMP of the brain tissues in the reserpine group were lower than those in the control group. In addition, the neural electrophysiological testing showed that the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and muscle spindle discharge diagram of rats in both the reserpine and heroin groups were apparently changed.

CONCLUSIONCatecholamine hormone plays an important role in heroin addiction.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Catecholamines ; physiology ; Cyclic AMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; blood ; metabolism ; Heroin Dependence ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) on apoptosis and intracellular free calcium([Ca(2+)]i), cell surface ICAM-1 expression of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs).

METHODSThe RPMCs apoptosis rate were determined by flow cytometry. [Ca(2+)]i in the cells were monitered the fluorescence at 528 nm by confocus laser microscopy. Cell surface ICAM-1 expression were detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTAfter PDS treatment for 1 h, the RPMCs apoptosis rate were increased. Such increase was more manifest with higher glucose concentration in PDS and longer treatment time of the cells. At the same times, after 3 hours, ICAM-1 expressions of the PDS containing glucose and mannitol are all increased. With the increase of glucose concentrations, the descend of [Ca(2+)]i levels were aggravated.

CONCLUSIONPDS containing high- concentration glucose can induce significant apoptosis of RPMCs in vitro. This may be related with the enhanced level of ICAM-1 expressions and the decreased level of [Ca(2+)]i. Which may due to the occurrence of peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltrate failure in patients suffering long term peritoneal dialysis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Dialysis Solutions ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Intracellular Space ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Peritoneal Cavity ; cytology ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) on proliferation and apoptosis of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs).

METHODSThe proliferation of RPMCs treated with PDS containing glucose of different concentrations for different times in vitro were examined by MTT colorimeric assay. The cell cycles and cell apoptosis rate were determined by flow cytometry.

RESULTSAfter PDS treatment for 1 h, the cell proliferation inhibition rate, percentage of cells at G(0)/G(1) stage and early cell apoptosis rate increased, and such increment was more manifest with higher glucose concentration in PDS and longer treatment time of the cells. After treatment with PDS containing 4.25% glucose for 3 h, the proliferation inhibition rate of the RPMCs reached 44.12%, the percentage of cells at the G(0)/G(1) stage amounted to 71.95% and the early apoptosis rate reached 23.59%, which was several times higher than that of the negative control and 1.5% glucose/PDS groups, and also higher than that of 4.25% mannitol/PDS groups.

CONCLUSIONPDS containing high-concentration glucose can induce significant apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of RPMCs in vitro.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dialysis Solutions ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneum ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of rat tail collagen, hair follicle dermal papilla cells and hair follicle epithelium cells on collagen gel contraction in organotypic culture.

METHODSThe hair follicle organotypic culture was prepared with different concentrations of rat tail collagen, different number of dermal papilla cells and hair follicle epithelium cells in DMEM medium, after cultured for 10 days the diameter of collagen gel was measured.

RESULTThe concentration of rat tail collagen, hair follicle dermal papilla cells and hair follicle epithelium cells significantly influenced on collagen gel contraction in organotypic culture (P<0.01). The contraction of collagen gel was negatively related to the concentration of rat tail collagen, while the concentration of dermal papilla cells and hair follicle epithelium cells was positively related to the contraction of collagen gel.

CONCLUSIONThe key factor influencing collagen gel contraction in organotypic culture is the concentration of rat tail collagen, hair follicle dermal papilla cells and hair follicle epithelium cells.

Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; physiology ; Gels ; Hair Follicle ; cytology ; Rats