OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between occupational stress and serum glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level.

METHODSA cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 115 dispatchers. The occupational stressors, personality, occupational strain and coping with stress were measured using Occupational Stress Instrument. Serum HbA1c levels were measured by stratigraphic analysis of cation exchange resin.

RESULTSSerum HbA1c level (6.63% ± 1.93%) in the shiftwork group was significantly higher than that (5.73% ± 1.57%) in the daily relay work group (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analyses showed the positive correlation between type A behavior and serum HbA1c level (r = 0.221), the negative correlation between organizational commitment and serum HbA1c level (r = -0.218). Variance analyses revealed that serum HbA1c levels among high, middle and low job requirement groups and job control groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). There were significant differences of serum HbA1c levels among different type A behavior, internal control, susceptibility of stress and organizational commitment groups (P < 0.05). Stepwise regression analyses indicated that shiftwork affects obviously serum HbAlc level, internal control and job future were the predictors of serum HbA1c level (R2 = 0.082).

CONCLUSIONSerum HbA1c may be a potential biomarker in field investigation of the effects of occupational stress.

Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; blood ; Serum ; chemistry ; Stress, Psychological ; blood ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo provide an appropriate angle and depth of needle insertion in acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and avoid injuring the nerve and blood vessel and exert the most effect.

METHODSEighty adult lower-limb samples were used to dissect and observe the relative layered structures and adjoining important nerves and blood vessels in needling Zusanli (ST 36) according to the national standard.

RESULTSThe needling depth from the skin to the interosseous membrane and from the skin to posterior border of tibialis posterior is (2.22 +/- 0.31) cm and (4.42 +/- 0.53) cm, respectively. There are flabellate branches of anterior tibial arteries and deep peroneal nerves around the needle in the superficial layer of interosseous membrane. The vessel and nerve bundles containing tibial nerve and posterior tibial vessels can be touched when the needle body past through tibialis posterior.

CONCLUSIONIt is recommended that ideal average depth of acupuncture is 2.22 cm and the maximum depth is 4.42 cm for oblique needling Zusanli (ST 36). When it is injected, the needle should be perpendicularly inserted or deviated slightly to the direction of tibia and paralleled to medial surface of tibia. And the safe needling depth is generally less than 5 cm. The point of the body surface between tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus at 3 cun below Dubi (ST 35) is also an effectively stimulating point.

Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Tibia ; anatomy & histology

Objective To explore the clinical effect of the transurethral ureteroscopic holmiumlaser lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi.Methods This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 205 patients with ureteral calculi from September 2015 to June 2017 in the affiliated hospital of Panzhihua university.According to the surgical method,all the patients were divided into control group (102 cases) who were treated with conventional pneumatic lithotripsy and observation group(103cases) who received transurethral ureteroscopic holmiumlaser lithotripsy.The surgical efficacy,renal function indexes and surgical indexes of the two groups were compared and analyzed respectively.Results The total effective rate of observation group was 97.06％,the control group was 85.00％,the difference between two groups was significantly(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in Cr and BUN level before surgery between two groups (P ＞ 0.05);after treatment,the Cr and BUN levels of two groups were improved significantly (P ＜ 0.05);while the renal function improved index of observation group was significantly better than that of control group,the difference was significant(P ＜ 0.05).The intraoperative blood loss,operative time and postoperative hospital stay of the observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The transurethral ureteroscopic holmiumlaser lithotripsy and normal air pressure ballistic were both well treatment for ureteral calculi,but patients with the holmium laser lithotripsy have better renal function indexes and operation index.

Objective To explore the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB gene polymorphism and allergic reaction of anti-tuberculosis drugs in Chinese Han population.Methods HLA-DRB alleles in 35 patients with allergic reaction and 42 patients with no allergic reaction were analyzed using sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) method.Results The frequency of DR7 gene in allergy group was significantly higher than that in patients without allergic reaction group (10.0％ vs 1.2％,RR =10.25,P ＜0.05).Conclusion DR7 may be a susceptible gene for allergic reactions to anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Objective To explore the correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP1B1),steady-state trough concentrations of rifampicin and the occurrence of hepatotoxicity induced by rifampicin.Methods Ninety tuberculosis (TB) patients were continuously administrated equal doses of rifampicin,34 cases developed drug-induced liver injury (DILI),while 56 had non drug-induced liver injury (non-DILI).Then trough concentrations of rifampicin in these subjects were determined by LC-MS/MS,and OATP1B1 388A ＞ G genotyping was obtained by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) methods.Finally,the correlations analysis were undertaken between the genetic polymorphisms of OATP1B1,steady-state trough concentrations of rifampicin and incidence of hepatotoxicity induced by rifampicin.Results There were 68 patients carrying wild-type genotypes and 22 carrying mutant genotypes in 90 subjects,with mutation rate of 24.44％.In which,mutant genotypes rates were 8.82％ (3 cases/34 cases) and 33.93％ (19 cases/56 cases) in DILI group and non-DILI group.Rifampicin trough concentration of patients with mutant genotypes was (5.63 ±4.16) ng· mL-1,3.43 times that of wild-type genotypes,which was (1.64 ±4.81) ng · mL-1.Likewise,concentration of rifampicin in non-DILI group was (3.82 ± 5.80) ng · mL-1,5.97 times that of DILI group,which was (0.64 ± 1.85) ng · mL-1.Mutation rate of OATP1B1 388A ＞ G in non-DILI group was 33.93％,3.85 times that in DILI group.The incidence of hepatotoxicity in patients carrying wild-type genotype was 45.59％,amounting to 3.34 times that of mutant genotypes.Conclusion Genetic polymorphisms of OATP1B1 may have significant impacts on steady-state trough concentration of rifampicin in Chinese patients and the occurrence of hepatotoxicity.

Aim of this study was to develop the detection method of soluble human leukocyte antigens I (sHLA-I) and to explore sHLA-I level alteration in storage blood and its significance. sHLA-I level in sera of 60 Guangdong normal individuals and sHLA-I concentration in blood components from 20 donors quantitatively were detected by sandwich ELISA. The results showed that sensitivity of this assay was 2.84 ng/ml. Coefficients of variation were 5.80% within assays and 9.00% between assays respectively. The recovery rate was >/= 98.57%. The sHLA-I level of normal individuals in Guangdong was (699.54 +/- 360.10) ng/ml. sHLA-I in red blood cells stored for 28 days and in random-donor platelets were significantly higher than that in other blood components and their amount was proportionate to the number of residual donor leukocytes and to the length of storage. In conclusion, sandwich ELISA assay for detection of sHLA-I is a sensitive, specific and stable technique. Blood components with different concentration of sHLA-I may be chosen for clinical transfusion.
Apoptosis ; Blood Preservation ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; blood ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; cytology

The type I interferon and IFNAR play an important role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and anti-HBV therapy. However, its mechanism of action is still poorly understood. To gain more insights into the role of type I interferon and type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) in HBV infection, we established an HBV persistent replication IFNAR knockout (IFNAR(-/-)) mouse model and preliminarily applied this model. At first, the progeny of IFNAR(-/-) mouse was reproduced. Then hydrodynamic injection with pAAV/HBV1.2 plasmid was conducted to establish the persistent HBV replication IFNAR(-/-) mouse model. At last, we applied this model to evaluate the effect of nucleoside analogues entecavir (ETV) on HBV replication. It was found that there was no difference in the serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels and HBcAg expression in the liver tissue between the ETV treated groups and normal saline (NS) treated group, but the serum HBV DNA levels were significantly suppressed 10, 25, 40 and 55 days after the ETV treatment [P=0.035, P=0.00, P=0.149 and P=0.084, IFNAR knockout (KO) control group vs. C57BL/6 ETV groups, respectively; P=0.081, P=0.001, P=0.243 and P=0.147, IFNAR KO control group vs. IFNAR KO ETV groups, respectively]. Interestingly, there was no difference in serum HBV DNA levels between the ETV treated IFNAR(-/-) and C57BL/6 mice. This result suggests that HBV suppression during ETV treatments doesn't depend on type I interferon and IFNAR. Collectively, persistent HBV replication IFNAR(-/-) mouse model that we established is a useful and convenient tool to detect the function of the type I interferon and IFNAR in HBV infection and anti-HBV treatments.
Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Replication ; genetics

Long-term compliance with regular surveillance is important for the prevention and timely management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, there are no researches focusing on the compliance of hepatitis B virus infected patients in regular surveillance so far. The purpose of our study was to investigate the outpatient compliance with long-term regular surveillance in China. Data of 3257 CHB outpatients was pooled and analyzed to assess the outpatient's compliance with the long-term regular surveillance plan. In all outpatients, the non-follow-up and the follow-up group accounted for 73.2% and 26.8%, respectively. Among the follow-up outpatient's, only 48.9% received ongoing-follow-up and 51.1% were finally lost to follow-up; the median length of visiting duration was 25 months; and the predictive 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year ongoing follow-up rate was 72.7%, 52.5%, 42.4%, 33.8%, and 26.3%, respectively. In conclusion, our survey proved that the regular long-term surveillance on Chinese chronic HBV carrier is difficult to be fully implemented. A large proportion of outpatients do not receive routine follow-up and are at risk of treatment delay due to various social reasons.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carrier State ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Compliance ; statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Prevalence ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether whole tumor cell vaccination strategies in combination with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) can stimulate graft-versus-tumor effect (GVT).

METHODSTwenty-six BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: BMT group (group A, n = 10), BMT + vaccination group (group B, n = 10), control group (group C, n = 6). (BALB/c × C57BL/6) F1 mice [CB6F1, H-2K(b/d)] were used as donors. BALB/c mice of group C were only inoculated with Renca cell (2.6 × 10(6)). Mice of group A and B were conditioned with 8 Gy irradiation, followed by infusion by bone marrow cell of CB6F1 mice on day 1, then inoculated with Renca cell (2.6 × 10(6)) on day 8. All mice of group B were immunized subcutaneous on the back with 5 × 10(5) irradiated Renca tumor cells on day 9 and day 16. All mice of group C were inoculated with Renca cell (2.6 × 10(6)) on day 8. In group A and B, all mice were analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) on day 14, and 28 day after BMT. Mice were killed on day 32 after inoculation with tumor cell and collected blood sample. All tumors were taken out to be weighed and then fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 5 µm slices. The slices were stained with HE and examined by TdT mediated-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Liver, skin, intestine, and spleen were biopsied for histopathological examination.

RESULTSThe results of chimera showed that engraftments of group A, B were full donor chimerism, and the chimerism of those remained above 90% and preserved even after 28 days. The tumor weight, tumor volume increment in the group B was lower than group A and C (P < 0.05). The tumor suppressing rates of the group A and B were 54%, 60% respectively. The area ratio of tumor necrosis and apoptosis index (AI) of the tumor in the group B were higher than group A and C (P < 0.05). Graft-versus-host disease was not observed in each group.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanism of GVT after haploidentical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with tumor vaccination may be the promotion of tumor necrosis and apoptosis.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; immunology ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; immunology ; therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft vs Tumor Effect ; immunology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; immunology ; therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Transplantation Chimera ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations associated with longevity in Bama elderly population from Guangxi.

METHODSMitochondrial genome of 20 individuals over 96 years of age was sequenced, and seven target single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were observed by comparing with the standard rCRS sequence, and two were tested by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in a larger population including 208 individuals of 90-113 years old, and 586 unrelated control individuals from Guangxi.

RESULTSThe 4824G frequency of the mtDNA4824A/G locus increased with age both in the long-lived elderly and in controls. And it was significantly higher in controls than that in long-lived population (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mtDNA4824 A/G is not only an age-related locus, its mutation is also negatively correlated with longevity.

Aged ; China ; ethnology ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; analysis ; genetics ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Longevity ; genetics ; Mutation ; Myanmar ; ethnology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Population Groups