AIM:To investigate the effects of ethyl acetate(EtOAc)extract of Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.)Rolfe on proliferation and apoptosis of human leukemia K 562 and HL-60 cells and the possible apoptosis path-way.METHODS:Human leukemia cell lines were treated with EtOAc extract of Pleione bulbocodioides at different con-centrations.XTT method was used to evaluate the viability of K 562 cells and HL-60 cells.The cell growth inhibition was calculated by Trypan blue exclusion test.The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry,and 4,,6-dia-midino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)was used to observe morphological changes of the cells.The cell cycle was observed by pro-pidium iodide(PI)staining.The protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP), cleaved caspase-3,cytochrome C and apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)wase determined by Western blot.RESULTS:The cell viability and proliferation were inhibited by EtOAc extract of Pleione bulbocodioides with IC50of(42.14 ±2.54)mg/L for HL-60 cells and(51.28 ±3.12)mg/L for K562 cells at 24 h.The results of Annexin V-FITC/PI and DAPI staining showed that EtOAc extract of Pleione bulbocodioides induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.The apoptotic rate was increased compared with control group(P<0.05).The G2phase increased with typical cell apoptosis-induced mor-phological changes.The levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax,cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 were increased, while Bcl-2 was down-regulated(P<0.05).Cytochrome C and AIF in cytosol,characteristic proteins of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway,also increased with the concentration of EtOAc extract of Pleione bulbocodioides increasing(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:EtOAc extract of Pleione bulbocodioides significantly inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines HL-60 and K562 through intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of root canal taper and post on tooth stress distribution.

METHODSThree-dimensional finite element models of human mandibular first molar with root canals prepared with 35# K file, ProTaper and Profile were established. The tooth were restored with fiber-resin, stainless steel and silver amalgam posts respectively. A vertical load on tooth occlusal surface was simulated. Marc software was used to analyze and calculate the stress distributions in the tooth restored with three kinds of different root canal posts, especially the in the cervical part and root.

RESULTSDifferent tapered root canals had no obvious influence on stress distribution in all three different posts. Stress distribution of stainless steel post located at the cervical and middle part of distal root, the highest Von-Mises stress was about 45 MPa. Stress distribution of silver amalgam post located at the orifice of root canal and pulp fundus, the highest Von-Mises stress was about 16 MPa. Stress distribution of fiber-resin post had no obvious stress concentration.

CONCLUSIONSFiber-resin post is the most ideal root canal post. Stainless steel post causes remarkable stress concentration in the root, which may raise the possibility of root fracture.

Dental Amalgam ; chemistry ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; pathology ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Dental Stress Analysis ; methods ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Mineral Fibers ; Molar ; Post and Core Technique ; instrumentation ; Quartz ; chemistry ; Root Canal Preparation ; instrumentation ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tooth Root ; physiology

AIMTo explore the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) in rat ischemic myocardium at different intervals ischemia.

METHODS60 SD male rats weighing 250-350 g, were randomly divided into one sham-operated group and five study groups (group A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, the left coronary artery of rats has been ligated for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h respectively). Myocardil samples from infarct zone, ischemic and non-ischemic zone, were obtained for histology examination, and the mRNA for H-FABP in ischemic myocardial tissue were determined by RT-PCR. Serum free fatty acid(FFA) was determined by colorimetric method.

RESULTSCompared to sham hearts, H-FABP mRNA expression were significantly decreased in ischemia zone of AMI rat hearts (P < 0.05), especially in rats underwent 4 h ischemia and 6 h ischemia (P < 0.01). Serum FFA were significantly increased in AMI rats relative to sham rats (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSignificant down-regulated heart-type fatty acid binding protein after myocardial ischemia might play an important role in myocardial injury and energy metabolism disorder.

Animals ; Down-Regulation ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

AIMTo study the effects of stress on the cognitive function and physical fitness and its biological mechanisms, provide scientific basis for seeking protective measures to reduce stress-induced damage.

METHODSThe model of restraint stress was adopted in our experiment. Step-down test and exhaustive swimming test were used to measure the learning and memory function and physical fitness in mice, respectively. The contents of GC in plasma, hippocampus LTP, ECG, myocardial ultra-structure, cell apoptosis rate and the level of Hsp70 expression of myocardium in rats were detected.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the impairment of learning and memory function and decline of exercise tolerance were observed in restraint stress group. The elevation in plasma GC levels, ECG abnonrmality, and cell apoptosis rate were also observed under restraint stress. Furthermore, myocardial structure was damaged, and myocardial Hsp70 expression and hippocampus LTP were suppressed in restraint stress group than those in the control.

CONCLUSIONStress may cause the neuro-endocrine dysfunction and homeostasis disorder, and then, lead to the cognitive function and physical fitness damage consequently.

Animals ; Cognition ; physiology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Physical Fitness ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Restraint, Physical ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have revealed the important role of free radicals in renal damage induced by high-energy shock waves (HESW). This study aimed at investigating the effects of Astragalus membranaceus, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, on free radical-mediated HESW-induced damage to renal tubules in a live rabbit model.

METHODSForty-five healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n = 15), sham group (n = 15), and herb-treated group (n = 15). Three days prior to HESW application, the controls received verapamil (0.4 mg/kg), the shams received physiological saline (20 ml), and the herb-treated animals received Astragalus membranaceus (2.4 g/kg) intravenously. HESW (1500 shocks, 18 kV) was applied to the right kidneys of all anesthetized rabbits. We measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels before and after shock treatment in blood and kidney homogenates. Histopathological changes were also observed.

RESULTSMDA levels increased and SOD activity decreased significantly in the sham group (P < 0.05 for both) after shock treatment. MDA levels showed a much less increase in the controls (P < 0.05) and did not increase to statistically significant levels in the group receiving Astragalus membranaceus (P > 0.05). SOD values were significantly higher in the controls than in the shams (P < 0.05). By contrast, SOD levels recovered rapidly in the rabbits receiving Astragalus membranaceus, reaching a nadir within 24 hours, and returning to baseline more quickly than in control and sham rabbits (P < 0.05). Histopathological examinations showed that renal tubular damage in the controls was less severe than in the shams, while damage in the Astragalus membranaceus group was even more mild, with rapid recovery in comparison with the controls.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides preliminary evidence indicating that Astragalus membranaceus has strong protective effects on free radical-mediated renal tubular damage induced by HESW and that these effects are superior to the effects of verapamil.

Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Free Radicals ; toxicity ; High-Energy Shock Waves ; adverse effects ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore therapeutic effects of bone setting manipulation for the treatment of over degree II supination-eversion fractures of ankle,and analyze manipulative reduction mechanism.

METHODSFrom 2005 to 2008, 95 patients with over degree II supination-eversion fractures of ankle were treated respectively by manipulation and operation. There were 43 cases [11 males and 32 females with an average age of (44.95 +/- 12.65) years] in manipulation group, and 2 cases were degree II, 11 cases were degree III, and 30 cases were degree IV. There were 52 cases [21 males and 31 females with an average age of (39.96 +/- 13.28) years] in operative group,and 6 cases were degree II, 18 cases were degree III, and 28 cases were degree IV. Bone setting manipulation and hard splint external fixation were applied to manipulative group. Operative reduction internal fixation was performed in operative group. X-ray was used to evaluate reduction of fracture before and after treatment, 2 months after treatment. Ankle joint function was evaluated according to Olerud-Molander scoring system after 6 months treatment.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with good reduction. Three cases occurred wound complication in operative group, but not in manipulative group. In manipulation group, 19 cases got excellent results, 20 cases good and 4 cases fair; while in operative group, 30 cases got excellent results, 20 cases good and 2 cases poor. There were no significant differences in fracture reduction and ankle joint function recovery between two groups (P > 0.05). Efficacy of operative treatment was better than that of manipulative treatment at degree IV fracture (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBone setting manipulation is a good method for treating supination-eversion ankle joint fractures, which has advantages of simple and safe operation, reliable efficacy. For ankle join fracture at degree IV, manipulative reduction should be adopted earlier, and operative treatment also necessary

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Ankle Joint ; physiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Supination

OBJECTIVETo investigate the polymorphisms of HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 loci of Han population in Zhejiang province of China.

METHODSThe alleles of HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 loci in 100 unrelated healthy individuals were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing.

RESULTSEight HLA-DPA1 alleles and 19 HLA-DPB1 alleles were found in the population. The HLA-DPA1 alleles with higher frequencies were DPA1*020202 (47.0%), DPA1*010301 (38.5%) and DPA1*020101(10.5%). The HLA-DPB1 alleles with higher frequencies were DPB1*0501, DPB1*020102 and DPB1*040101. The frequencies were 39.5%, 13.5% and 13.0%, respectively. A total of 44 estimated DPA1-DPB1 haplotypes were detected. The HLA-DPA1*020202-DPB1*0501(29.5%) was the most frequent haplotype.

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphism data of the HLA-DPA1 and -DPB1 were obtained in Han population in Zhejiang province of China. There was linkage disequilibrium between the two loci.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Databases, Genetic ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci ; genetics ; HLA-DP Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DP alpha-Chains ; HLA-DP beta-Chains ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets at human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her2)proto-oncogenes,which can act on Her2 over-expression of tumor cells,inhibits tumor cells proliferation, differentiation,migration and other physiological activities,reduces the risk of tumor metastasis and extend the sur-vival time of patients.

Objective To explore the effect and indication of splenectomy in liver transplantation.Methods From January 2001 to April 2006,260 patients underwent piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation(PBOLT),and 28 patients had undergone combined PBOLT and splenectomy(splenectomy group).These patients were compared to 56 randomly selected non-splenectomy patients from the same transplant period,meaningly two controls were se- lected for every non-spleneetomy case.Two groups were analyzed with respect to rate of infection and survival rate, as well as biopsy-proven acute allograft rejection within 30 days after transplantation.Results Rate of infection in the splenectomy group was higher than that in the non-splenectomy patients(85.7% vs 55.4%,P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the level and distribution characteristics of anemia of the minority ethnic group children in Yunnan.

METHODThe cases with anemia were surveyed from 13 336 samples of 15 minority ethnic groups and Han children in Yunnan by Taking the method of random cluster sampling.

RESULTThe prevalence of anemia among the children under 7 years of age of 15 ethnic groups of minority in Yunnan was 13.6%. There are differences among the different ethnic groups (χ(2) = 716.33, P < 0.01), the highest was 26.6% in Jingpo, the lowest was 3.5% in Bai. There were differences among the different regions, the prevalence of anemia was high in the border regions City, the highest was 23.8% in Dehong; the prevalence of anemia was low in inland cities, the lowest was 2.7% in Fugong, and was higher in border areas. The prevalence of anemia was higher in boys (13.6%) than in girls (12.1%). There were differences among the different age in the different ethnic groups (6 months to 1 years old: χ(2) = 70.52, P < 0.01; 1 - 2 years old:χ(2) = 185.86, P < 0.01; 2 - 5 years old: χ(2) = 296.12, P < 0.01; 5 - 6 years old:χ(2) = 107.11, P < 0.01; 6 - 7 years old:χ(2) = 185.02, P < 0.01), the highest was 59.0% of Deang in 1 to 2 years old children. The trend of change was that the highest prevalence was seen in 6 months to 1 year old children, the prevalence gradually declined among older children, but rose again in children 6 years of age or older.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of anemia was 13.6% among the children of 15 ethnic minority under 7 years of age in Yunnan. There were differences among different ethnic groups of minority in different prefectures. There were differences among different ethnic groups of different age groups, but it was highest in 6 months to 1 year old children, it declined among older children, and rose in children 6 years of age or older. The prevalence of anemia was related to the ethnic and geographic factors.

Age Distribution ; Altitude ; Anemia ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Minority Groups ; statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Distribution