Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia on the balance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand during cerebral revascularization for ischemic moyamoya disease by monitoring regional cerebral O2 saturation (rSO2) with near infrared spectroscopy.Methods Forty patients of both sexes aged 19-59 yr with a body mass index of 19-25 kg/m2 undergoing superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis were randomly allocated into 2 groups (n =20 each):propofol-remifentanil group (group PR) and sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group SR).Radial artery was cannulated for direct BP monitoring and blood sampling.Near infrared spectroscopy probe was placed on the forehead.Anesthesia was induced with propofol TCI (Cp =5 μg/ml),fentanyl 3 μg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation (VT 8-10 ml/kg,RR 10-12 bpm,I∶ E 1∶2,FiO2 =1.0).PETCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (end-tidal concentration 1.0％-1.7 ％) or propofol TCI (Cp =3-4 μg/ml) in combination with remifentanil TCI (Cp =3.5 ng/ml) and intermittent iv boluses of rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg.BIS was maintained at 40-60 during operation.rSO2 was recorded before induction of anesthesia (T0),10 min before and 10 min after blood vessel was clamped (T1,T2) and 10 min after anastomosis was completed (T3).Results rSO2 was significantly increased on the operated side at T3 in PR group while in SR group bilateral rSO2 was significantly increased at T1-3 as compared with the baseline values at T0 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).rSO2 on the operated side was significantly higher at T1 in group SR than in PR group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia is similar to that of propofol-remifentanil anesthesia for revascularization for moyamoya disease in terms of maintence of the balance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Reproduction ; physiology ; Social Behavior ; Tupaiidae ; physiology

Objective To investigation the shielding property to 125I of several different prosthetic materials used in clinical when prostheses are used as carriers of 125I seed in tumor treatment. Methods125I seeds were taken as the radiation sources to establish a model in vitro and the radiation doses were measured by thermoluminescent dosemeters(TLD). The shielding property of titanium plate, cochrome plate, and poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA) plate were detected, calculated and compared with that of plumbum plate in the control group. Results The radiation doses of the radiation source at 10 mm distance through the following materials were measured, and the results are 2.805 mGy (0.09 mm thick titanium plate), 1.082 mGy (0.48 thick titanium plate),0.390 mGy (0.41 mm thick cochrome plate), and 0.261 mGy (0.67 mm′s cochrome plate), and 2.885 mGy (1.685 mm thick PMMA plate). ConclusionsThe shield property of cochrome is optimal. The poly methyl methacrylate behaves to some extend as a shield to the 125I seed which can shield the radiation as the effects of plumbum when adopted together with the 0.557 mm′s(or more)titanium plate.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of double source multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in visualization of cardiac veins in patients with chronic heart failure.

METHODSThirty-five patients with chronic heart failure (aged 65.4 ± 8.8, 21 males and 14 females) were enrolled in the study. In Group A, MDCT and retrograde coronary venography (RCV) were performed consecutively; in Group B anterograde visualization of the coronary venous and RCV were performed.

RESULTSCoronary sinus, GCV and MCV of all individuals were identified in MDCT. LVPV was observed in 65% patients of Group A, and 66.7% patients of Group B. The correlation coefficient between MDCT and RCV was 0.944, and that between CVG and RCV was 0.42.

CONCLUSIONNon-invasive evaluation of cardiac veins with double source CT is feasible and may be used in cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phlebography ; methods ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of catecholamine hormone on the blood and brain of heroin addicts.

METHODSRats were divided into three groups and treated with the glucose (control group), the heroin (im) (heroin group), and the combination of the intramuscular injection of reserpine and heroin (reserpine group). Changes in the levels of the dopamine (DA), cAMP, and cGMP were detected by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method in the blood and brain tissue.

RESULTSNo significant withdrawal symptoms were observed in the reserpine group. Compared with the control and heroin groups, the blood cAMP levels were increased by 35.36% and 15.53% in the reserpine group, respectively; the cAMP levels in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (Hipp) were increased by 24.08% & 8.53%, 15.66% & 8.13%, and 21.95% & 8.40%, respectively. While compared to the control and heroin groups, the DA levels of the PFC, Hipp, striatum, and nucleus accumbens (NAc) were significantly reduced in the reserpine group, decreasing by 74.09% & 82.86%, 81.06% & 82.23%, 91.62% & 86.55% and 84.35% & 90.63%, respectively. The concentrations of cGMP of the brain tissues in the reserpine group were lower than those in the control group. In addition, the neural electrophysiological testing showed that the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and muscle spindle discharge diagram of rats in both the reserpine and heroin groups were apparently changed.

CONCLUSIONCatecholamine hormone plays an important role in heroin addiction.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Catecholamines ; physiology ; Cyclic AMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; blood ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; blood ; metabolism ; Heroin Dependence ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To master iodine nutritional status of people after universal salt iodization in Xining that reached the stage goal of elimination iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In the 7 counties investigated of Xining in 2009, 5 towns were randomly selected in each county, and one school was randomly selected in each town, 80 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school, and goiter were examined, urinary iodine and salt iodine were tested. Thyroid gland goiter of children was detected by thyroid palpation, children's urinary iodine was tested by As( Ⅲ )-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration. Results A total of 2919 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, 31 goiter was detected, goiter rate was 1.06%(31/2919).One thousand and seventy-eight urine samples were detected, urinary iodine median was 205.3 μg/L, that lower than 20 μg/L accounted for 1.9% (20/1078), lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 4.5%(48/1078). Two thousand and seventy-nine salt samples were detected, median of salt iodine was 32.80 mg/kg, the rate of non-iodized salt was 0.87%(18/2079), the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.13%(2061/2079), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.64% (2033/2061), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.79% (2033/2079). Conclusions Prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved remarkable results in Xining city, all indicators have reached the national standard to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.

OBJECTIVEThe three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial measurements were studied through the quantitative computed tomography (CT). The dynamic database of quantitative measurement of three-dimensional craniofacial bone was established as mandible in physiological position.

METHODS170 aesthetics female were examined by spiral volumetric CT (GE SR-7000). 3D craniofacial bone images were reformatted and 3D measurements were performed in SUN Workstation respectively. 33 points were defined in the 3-d craniofacial structure in screen, 14 distances and 11 angles were measured, and 12 ratios were calculated in each case. All data were transferred into the database based on the SPSS software. There is all information of one case (such as number, sex, age, distances, angers) in one row; each column is a measurement item. The mean, standard deviation, standard error, medium, coefficient of variation and 95% confidence interval of data can be calculated and the correlation, regression between several groups of measurement item can be proceeded by computer automatically in the dynamic database.

RESULTS3D craniofacial bone imagings were displayed in arbitrary views without disturbing superposition by using cutting, rotating and 3D measurement procedures. The large data volume provides more information of special relationship of skull base, zygomatic bone, maxilla, mandible and vertebra. The coefficient of variation of skull base is less than them of maxilla and mandible. The standard deviation of ratios is further smaller than the standard deviation of distances and angles. With stepwise regression, the equation is (Go - Go) Y = 0.578X1 + 0.754X2 + 0.228X3 - 0.579X4 - 14.672; (Tz- Tz) : Y = 0.775X1 + 0.161X2 + 0.348X3 + 0.201X4 + 27.730.

CONCLUSIONSThe database offers reference of the studying of growth rule of craniofacial bone of aesthetics female. It will help improve diagnostic accuracy, staging of reconstruction, precision of corrective surgery, and follow-up patients.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Skull ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the change of content of minor elements and its biological implication in apoptotic processes. METHODS: The content of minor elements of apoptotic cells from breast cancer induced by anti-cancer drugs was quantitatively analysed with synchronous radiation X-ray fluorescence. RESULTS: Seven kinds of minor elements including Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga and Ge as well as five major elements P, S, Ca, Cl and K were detected in the apoptotic and control cells. The content of elements Zn and P in apoptotic cells after 48 h treatment with taxol and colchicine was significantly increased higher than that in the control cells P<0.05). The content of element Fe in 48 h treatment with taxol was significantly decreased lower than that in the control cells P<0.05). The same trend of change of elements was observed during the process of apoptotic cells death induced with VP-16 or cycloheximide. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that the elements Zn, Fe and P should be involved in apoptosis induced by anti-cancer drugs.

OBJECTIVETo prevent and manage frequent complications after endovascular repair of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

METHODSThe data of 71 cases of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) treated by endovascular repair were analysed retrospectively. The reasons, managements, results and prognosis of frequent complications were investigated.

RESULTSSeventy-one cases of infrarenal AAA were treated by endovascular repair with 100% success rate. There was no surgical conversion to open aneurysm repair. There were 8 cases of primary endoleak, 1 case of nervous complication and acute thrombosis. An average follow-up period was 26 +/- 5 months. Three persistent endoleaks and 4 secondary endoleaks were found during the follow-up period. The endoleak rate was 9.8% (7/71) within 1 month postoperatively and mortality rate was 1.3% (1/71). Total mortality rate was 4.2% (3/71). Two patients died from acute myocardial infarction and one from acute heart failure.

CONCLUSIONSEndovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm is technically feasible and can effectively exclude aortic aneurysms from the circulation. Endoleak is a chief complication after endovascular repair of infrarenal AAA.Additional procedures and follow up are very important. Endoleak with enlarged aneurysm should be treated actively.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Fistula ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of MRI navigation in identifing the safe surgical margin of the maxillofacial malignancy.

METHODSThe pathology results of the surgical margin identified by the technique of MRI navigation form 20 patients with maxillofacial malignancy were compared with those of 45 patients with maxillofacial malignancy who underwent the routine operation without MRI navigation.

RESULTSThere was no difference between the two groups of patients in age, sex, size of tumor, tumor stages, pathologic diagnosis (P > 0.05). The negative rate of the surgical margin of the lesions treated by surgery with the technique of MRI navigation was significantly lower than that of the lesions treated without MRI navigation (P = 0.007) and highly correspondent with the pathology results.

CONCLUSIONSMRI navigation was helpful in identifying the safe surgical margin of the maxillofacial malignancy.

Aged ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Facial Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional ; Male ; Maxillary Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods ; Sarcoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Tumor Burden