Objective To explore the effects of different side tension pneumothorax on hemodynamics in pigs,providing data support for the optimization of on-site first-aid procedures for pneumothorax.Methods Twelve Bama pigs were randomly divided into left-sided tension pneumothorax group and right-sided tension pneumothorax group(6 in each group).During the occurrence of pneumothorax and as the pleural pressure gradually increases by 1 mmHg increments,the key indicators were collected using pulse indicator continuous cardiac output(PICCO)technology:hemodynamic indicators[global ejection fraction(GEF),cardiac output(CO),global end-diastolic volume(GEDV),intrathoracic blood volume(ITBV),stroke volume(SV),mean arterial pressure(MAP)],basic vital signs[heart rate(HR),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),systolic blood pressure(SBP)],and arterial blood gas parameters[partial pressure of oxygen(PO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PCO2)].Mediastinal localization was subsequently performed using radiographs.Differences were investigated through comparison between the two groups and within each group before and after the procedure.Results By comparing the hemodynamic changes and X-ray examination results,twelve Bama pigs tension pneumothorax models were successfully constructed.Hemodynamic analysis showed that in left-sided tension pneumothorax model when the pleural pressure reached 8 mmHg,SBP,DBP,MAP,CO,GEF,SV,GEDV and ITBV were significantly lower than those during the occurrence of ipsilateral pneumothorax(P<0.05).In right-sided tension pneumothorax model,when the pleural pressure reached about 3 mmHg,SBP,DBP,MAP,SV,GEDV,and ITBV were significantly lower than those during the occurrence of ipsilateral pneumothorax(P<0.05).Blood gas analysis showed that at 8 mmHg for left-sided and 3 mmHg for right-sided tension pneumothorax,compared with the occurrence of their respective ipsilateral pneumothorax,PO2 was significantly lower(P<0.05)and PCO2 was significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusions There are different effects on hemodynamics in different side tension pneumothorax.Compared with left tension pneumothorax,right tension pneumothorax can lead to serious consequences under a smaller pleural pressure.Different side tension pneumothorax models can be constructed according to the actual situation when performing pneumothorax related experiments.

BACKGROUNDNuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1 (NuMA1) had been reported to produce three groups of isoforms categorized as long, middle, and short groups, of which short NuMA displayed distinct localization patterns compared to long and middle isoforms. However, the function of short NuMA was not clear in the progress of cancer formation. This study aimed to unveil the role of short NuMA in cancer pathogenesis.

METHODSThe expression levels of short isoforms were explored in paired gastric carcinoma (GC) samples and different cell lines. Furthermore, the short isoform behaved as a putative tumor suppressor based on cell proliferation and cell colony formation assays. Pull-down assay and whole-genome gene expression analysis were carried out to search candidate interaction partners of short NuMA.

RESULTSThe expression of short NuMA was highly expressed in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle; compared with nontumor tissues, short NuMA downregulated in nine GCs (GC1 [0.131, P = 5 × 10-4]; GC2 [0.316, P = 3 × 10-5]; GC3 [0.111, P = 6 × 10-4]; GC4 [0.456, P = 0.011]; GC5 [0.474, P = 0.001]; GC6 [0.311, P = 0.004]; GC7 [0.28, P = 3 × 10-5]; GC8 [0.298, P = 0.007]; and GC9 [0.344, P = 0.002]). Besides, high expression of short NuMA significantly inhibits cell growth (2.43 × 105 vs. 2.97 × 105, P = 0.0029) and cell clone information in vitro (70 vs. 2, P = 1.67 × 10-45). Short NuMA could bind with alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4), a putative tumor promoting gene. Overexpression of short NuMA could tremendously decrease the expression of MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2) of about 92-fold, which played an important role in the cell cycles.

CONCLUSIONSShort isoform of NuMA might be functioned as a putative role of tumor suppressor. Further studies should be made to illuminate the relationship between ACTN4, MYBL2, and tumor progression.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to identify the gene expressions of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to study its possible pathogenic mechanism on atherosclerosis using microarray technology. METHODS: The gene expression differences in HCMV AD169 strain-infected HUVECs were studied by the microarray technology to explore the potential molecular mechanism of HCMV infection. The qPCRs were performed to verify the transcriptome results. RESULTS: A total of 2,583 differentially expressed genes, including 407 down-regulated genes and 2,176 up-regulated genes, were detected by the systematic bioinformatics analysis. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that the significantly differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in regulating protein kinase activity, inflammatory response, ubiquitination, protein phosphorylation, cell metabolism, and exosomes, among which 12 genes had significant changes and were screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and verified by qPCR. The experimental qPCR results were consistent with the microarray results. CONCLUSION The GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the regulation of protein kinase activity, inflammatory response, ubiquitination, protein phosphorylation, and cell metabolism played important roles in the process of endothelial cell infection. Furthermore, 12 genes were involved in the process of HCMV infection of endothelial cells and contributed to the current understanding of the infection and pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
Humans ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics* ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Atherosclerosis ; Protein Kinases ; RNA, Messenger

The aim of this study was to investigate the relatively frequencies of alleles in the HLA-C*04:01:01G group and to analyze their relations with HLA-A and -B loci. DNA samples previously typed as HLA-C*04:01:01G were sequentially selected. The sequences for exon 2 to 7 of the HLA-C locus were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing(PCR-SBT). The HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci were genotyped using PCR-SBT method. The results showed that 178 samples (94.2%) and 11 samples (5.8%) were assigned as HLA-C*04:01:01 and HLA-C*04:82 respectively among 189 samples previously typed as HLA-C*04:01:01G. 72 haplotypes associated with HLA-C*04:01:01 and C*04:82 were found, in which the frequencies of 26 haplotypes were over 0.0050. HLA-C*04:01:01 was strongly related with A*02:03, A*02:07, A*11:01, A*33:03, B*13:01, B*15:01, B*15:05, B*15:27, B*40:01, B*54:01 alleles, while HLA-C*04:82 was related with B*40:01. It is concluded that HLA-C*04:01:01 and HLA-C*04:82 alleles were confirmed in the HLA-C*04:01:01G group, which should be discriminated by the routine HLA genotyping.
Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans