[Objective] To detect the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox) and the content of ROS in different malignant gliomas,and explore the influence of Nox and intracellular ROS levels in the survival,proliferation,and malignant phenotype of gliomas.[Methods]Thirty human glioma specimens (10 with grade Ⅰ and I1,10 with grade II and 10 with grade IV),performed resection in our hospital from August 2007 to August 2010,were collected in our study;another 10 normal brain tissues were collected as controls.Real time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of Nox(1-5);ROS level was detected by flow cytometry and Nox4 protein level was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.[Results] The Noxl-5 mRNA and protein levels and ROS content were significantly different between each 2 groups (P＜0.05);Nox4 mRNA expression and ROS level significantly increased following the increment of malignancy degrees (controls＜low-grade gliomas＜grade III gliomas＜ grade IV gliomas,P＜0.05);the Nox protein expression was low in controls while that in gliomas was high,and the higher malignancy of the tumors,the higher expression levels of the tumors.[Conclusion] Nox expression and ROS content have significantly positive relations with the malignancy of the tumors,which indicates that Nox expression and ROS content might paly important roles in the occurrence of glioma and malignant proliferation.

Ni-Ce(0.8)Sm(0.2)O(1.9) (Ni-SDC) cermet was selected as anode material for reduced temperature (800 degrees C) solid oxide fuel cells in this study. The influence of NiO powder fabrication methods for Ni-SDC cermets on the electrode performance was investigated so that the result obtained can be applied to make high-quality anode. Three kinds of NiO powder were synthesized with a fourth kind being available in the market. Four types of anode precursors were fabricated with these NiO powders and Ce(0.8)Sm(0.2)O(1.9) (SDC), and then were reduced to anode wafers for sequencing measurement. The electrical conductivity of the anodes was measured and the effect of microstructure was investigated. It was found that the anode electrical conductivity depends strongly on the NiO powder morphologies, microstructure of the cermet anode and particle sizes, which are decided by NiO powder preparation technique. The highest electrical conductivity is obtained for anode cermets with NiO powder synthesized by NiCO(3).2Ni(OH)(2).4H(2)O or Ni(NO(3))(2).6H(2)O decomposition technique.
Electric Impedance ; Electric Power Supplies ; Electrochemistry ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electrodes ; Equipment Design ; Equipment Failure Analysis ; Nickel ; chemistry ; Powders ; Surface Properties

Aim of this study was to develop the detection method of soluble human leukocyte antigens I (sHLA-I) and to explore sHLA-I level alteration in storage blood and its significance. sHLA-I level in sera of 60 Guangdong normal individuals and sHLA-I concentration in blood components from 20 donors quantitatively were detected by sandwich ELISA. The results showed that sensitivity of this assay was 2.84 ng/ml. Coefficients of variation were 5.80% within assays and 9.00% between assays respectively. The recovery rate was >/= 98.57%. The sHLA-I level of normal individuals in Guangdong was (699.54 +/- 360.10) ng/ml. sHLA-I in red blood cells stored for 28 days and in random-donor platelets were significantly higher than that in other blood components and their amount was proportionate to the number of residual donor leukocytes and to the length of storage. In conclusion, sandwich ELISA assay for detection of sHLA-I is a sensitive, specific and stable technique. Blood components with different concentration of sHLA-I may be chosen for clinical transfusion.
Apoptosis ; Blood Preservation ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; blood ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo report the experience for the precision osteoid osteoma resection using computer navigation system.

METHODSBetween January 2008 and December 2009, 26 surgical resections were performed for 26 patients who had osteoid osteoma with computer navigation system. There were 23 males and 3 females with an average age of 18 years (7 to 35). Tumors were located at femoral shaft 9, femoral trochanter 4, femoral neck 2, tibial shaft 5, metaphysic of proximal tibia 1, acetabulum 2, pubis 1, vertebral appendix 1 and radial shaft 1. Pre-operative X-ray and CT of each patient was performed to confirm the diagnosis. It was carried out intraoperatively the process of CT-based navigation in 4 cases and intraoperative Iso-C three-dimensional navigation in 22 cases. The Navigation System software was Spine Navigation 1.2 in all cases. The Pointer was helpful to localize the lesion and precisely resected the lesion without removal of any excess bone.

RESULTSAll the navigation operations were finished successfully with curettage for 12 and En Bloc resection for 14. Bone grafting was made in 21 cases and none in 3 cases. The completely clearance of nidus by intraoperative visual inspection and Pointer confirmation, postoperative X-ray and(or) CT scan was performed in all cases. All cases had histopathology diagnosis of osteoid osteoma and immediate pain relief after surgery. All cases were followed up for 20.6 months averaged (12 to 35 months). No local recurrence and pain relapse occurred.

CONCLUSIONSThe navigation system is very helpful for the precision tumor resection of nidus. Especially for the patients with osteoid osteoma located at diaphysis, Intraoperative Iso-C three-dimensional navigation is more useful.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoma, Osteoid ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Citrus reticulata Blanco and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The 85%ethanol extract from the leaves of C.reticulata was isolated and purified by silica gel,D101 macroporous resin,MCI,ODS and Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The Griess method was used to determine their inhibitory activities on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in macrophages RAW 264.7 cells.The mice foot swelling inflammation model induced by carrageenan was established,and the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α were detected.RESULTS Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as nobiletin(1),tangeretin(2),5-demethylinoblitin(3),5,4'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3'-tetramethoxy flavone(4),5-hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-trimethoxyflavanone(5),3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavanone(6),hesperetin(7),5-hydroxy-6,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyphenone(8),β-balsam alcohol(9),stigmaster-5-en-3β-alcohol(10),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(11),vanillin(12).Compounds 1,4,6,7,10 and 12 had strong inhibitory activites on NO release in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells,and the IC50 values were(25.21±2.10),(37.77±0.50),(38.19±1.58),(21.89±1.73),(43.81±1.18),(47.98±2.55),(41.23±1.11),(43.80±1.43)μmol/mL,respectively.Compounds 2-3 reduced IL-1β and TNF-α levels(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Compounds 6-7,9 are isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds 1-4,8 exhibit strong in vitro anti-inflammatory activities,and compounds 2-3 exhibit significant in vivo anti-inflammatory activities.

BACKGROUND:It has been reported that 70％ of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are negative for cytogenetic and genetic markers within 1-5 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT),but there are still some patients who have repeatedly varied outcomes in cytogenetic and genetic marker detection.Overall,the negative rate is up to 89.5％ at 3-12 months after allo-HSCT.OBJECTIVE:To monitor the changes in cytogenetic and genetic marker expression and to explore the prognostic significance in CML patients undergoing allo-HSCT.METHODS:Seventeen CML patients who had undergone allo-HSCT were enrolled.Chromosome G banding pattern of the bone marrow from these patients were analyzed using short-term culture method and direct method at 30 days,2,3,4,6,12,24,36,48,60,72 months after allo-HSCT.Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect bcr-abl fusion gene;bcr-abl expressions in primary bone marrow ceils from CML patients were detected using RQ-PCR.Results and conclusion:There were 8/17 cases of male patient/male donor and 7/17cases of male patient/female donor (compatriots).46XX karyotype (women) was detected by multiple reexaminations after transplantation,and there was no Y chromosome or other aberration of chromosome karyotype in their karyotype.Among the 17 cases,1 case of female patient/female donor (compatriots) and 1 case of female patient/male donor (unrelated) manifested 46 XY chromosome karyotype and bcr-abl positive at 1 month after transplantation;after 4 months,these two cases still maintained 46 XY chromosome karyotype but bcr-abl negative;after 4-96 months,the karyotype continued to remain as 46 XY,and bcr-abl (-).Among the 17 cases,1 case of male patient/male donor of full-matched compatriot (brother) manifested that Ph chromosomal bcr-abl gene continuously expressed within 1-12 months after allo-HSCT;then the cases was given donor lymphocyte infusion,and the bcr-abl expression returned to be negative at 48 months after transplantation.To conclude,chromosomal karyotype analysis and bcr-abl fusion gene monitoring provide important reference value for subsequent treatment options and prognosis judgment for CML patients with allo-HSCT.

BACKGROUNDResearchers have recently demonstrated that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) has an important function in regulating neovascularization. Whether it inhibits or accelerates neovascularization, however, is still controversial. We found few reports about the correlation between TSP-1 and vascularization in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In this research, the distribution and expression of TSP-1 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma were investigated. We also analyzed (1) the correlation between the expression of TSP-1 and microvessel density (MVD), as an indicator of neovascularization activity, and (2) the effect of TSP-1 on neovascularization and tumor growth in the subcutaneous xenotransplanted model of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

METHOD(1) The sites and intensity of expression of TSP-1 and the MVD were analyzed in 45 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma after surgery by the method of streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry; and (2) recombinant human thrombospondin-1 (rhTSP-1) was injected twice a week for five consecutive weeks around the tumor in the subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in nude mice. Each week, the tumor size was measured, in order to draw the growth curve of the xenotransplanted tumor model of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and MVD was measured.

RESULTS(1) The positive expression of TSP-1 protein was 57.78% (26/45). Most positive staining for TSP-1 was found in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells, while some staining occurred in the extracellular matrix. The mean MVD in 45 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma was 58.17 +/- 19.77 per 100 visual fields. Tumors with a high expression of TSP-1 showed a low MVD value, and the TSP-1 immunocompetence and microvessel density showed a significant negative correlation (r(s) = -0.947, P < 0.001). (2) The xenotransplanted tumors with the injection doses of 1.25, 0.75 and 0.25 microg/ml respectively were 36.97%, 53.36% and 73.61% of the size of the control group ((451 +/- 92), (651 +/- 113), (898 +/- 86) and (1220 +/- 157) mm(3) respectively, F = 53.167, P < 0.001), and their weights were respectively 35.14%, 51.35% and 70.27% of the control group ((1.3 +/- 0.5), (1.9 +/- 0.5), (2.6 +/- 0.3), and (3.7 +/- 0.7) g respectively, F = 62.669, P < 0.001). Their MVDs were 25.00%, 45.93%, and 72.20% respectively of the control group and concentration dependent (15.43 +/- 3.45, 28.35 +/- 4.24, 44.57 +/- 3.35 and 61.73 +/- 5.43 per 100 visual fields respectively, F = 54.582, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThe TSP-1 has a higher expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and the expression has a significant negative correlation with neovascularization. The TSP-1 inhibits neovascularization and tumor growth, and it might be a new biological therapy for treatment of patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; blood supply ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology ; Thrombospondin 1 ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Transplantation, Heterologous

BACKGROUNDMany recipients of implantable cardiac electronic devices have atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrences after device implantation, even if there is no previous history of AF, and some of the episodes are asymptomatic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in AF burden following early AF detection in patients treated with pacemakers equipped with automatic, daily Home Monitoring function.

METHODSBetween February 2009 and December 2010, the registry recruited 701 pacemaker patients (628 dual-chamber, 73 biventricular devices) at 97 clinical centers in China. Daily Home Monitoring data transmissions were analyzed to screen for the AF burden. In-office follow-ups were scheduled for 3 and 6 months after implantation. Upon first AF (i.e., mode-switch) detection in a patient, screening of AF burden by Home Monitoring was extended for the next 180 days.

RESULTSAt least one episode of AF was observed in 22.9% of patients with dual-chamber pacemakers and in 28.8% of patients with biventricular pacemakers. The first AF detection in a patient occurred, on average, about 2 months before scheduled follow-up visits. In both pacemaker groups, mean AF burden decreased significantly (P < 0.05) over 180 days following first AF detection: from 12.0% to 2.5% in dual-chamber and from 12.2% to 0.5% in biventricular pacemaker recipients. The number of patients with an AF burden >10% per month was significantly reduced over 6 months of implantation in both dual chamber (38 patients in the first month vs. 21 patients in month 6, P < 0.05) and biventricular (7 patients in the first month vs. 0 patient in months 4-6, P < 0.05) pacemaker recipients.

CONCLUSIONSAutomatic, daily Home Monitoring of patients treated with cardiac pacemakers allows early detection of AF, and there is a gradual and significant decrease in AF burden.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Fibrillation ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods and conditions for the isolation, purification and culture of human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) on the feeder layer cells of human embryonic fibroblasts (hEFs).

METHODSSSCs isolated and purified from normal human fetal testicular tissues by sequential two-step enzyme digestion and Percoll uncontinuous density gradient centrifugation were cultured on the feeder layer cells of hEFs isolated from 5-9 weeks old human embryos. The surface markers SSEA-1 and OCT4 of the SSCs were detected by immunohistochemistry; the alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity of the SSC clones measured; and the expressions of the SSC-related genes determined by RT-PCR.

RESULTSSSCs survived, proliferated and formed colonies on the feeder layers, and the colonies were highly positive for SSEA-1 and OCT4, with strong AKP activity and high expressions of the SSC-related genes.

CONCLUSIONThe feeder layer of hEFs supports the growth of human spermatogonial stem cells.

Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryo, Mammalian ; cytology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; Stem Cells ; cytology