Objective To explore the suitable way of batch cisplatin dissolution in pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) and ensure the patients' receive medicine timely and accurately.Methods All samples were divided into control group and experiment group,with 200 cisplatinum in each group.The control group added dissolvent and then oscillated for 30 min,and the dissolve time of cisplatin was observed.The experiment group put the cisplantin into warm water after oscillation for 1 min.According to the water temperature,five subgroups were divided into five subgroups with each group 40 cisplantin:subgroup A (water temperature 46 ℃ ),subgroup B ( water temperature 48 ℃ ),subgroup C ( water temperature 50 ℃ ),subgroup D( water temperature 52 ℃ ) and subgroup E( water temperature 54 ℃ ).The state of cisplatin dissolve every one minute and dispensing time were recorded.Results Compared with the control group,the cisplatin in the experiment group was solved more completely,and the difference was statistically significant( x2 =9.087,P＜0.05).With the step-up of water temperature,the number of the dissolved cisplatin in 5 min of experimental subgroups gradually increased,subgroup A,9 cases (22.5％) ;subgroup B,28 cases (70％) ;subgroup C,34 cases (85％) ;subgroup D,40 cases ( 100％ ),and 33 cases in subgroup D,40 cases in subgroup E within 3 min.Conclusions In PIVAS 24-h continuous mode,the way of cisplatin dissolve by heat and oscillation for 1 min,with the water temperature keeps 52 ℃ and dissolve time in 5 min is a faster and effective method.This mode can save time and improve efficiency.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in the treatment of large airway obstruction.

METHODSTotally 389 patients with treacheobronchial stenosis were treated with APC (ARCO3000 type) by bronchoscopy. The stenoses were caused by carcinomas (203 cases, 52.2%), metastatic tumors (67 cases, 17.2%), benign tumors (18 cases, 4.6%), granulomas (93 cases, 23.9%) and other lesions (8 cases, 2.1%). The rate of recanalization, relief of the symptoms, and complications were analyzed.

RESULTS1121 times of APC treatment were performed in the 389 patients. Complete recanalization was achieved in 138 cases (35.5%), partial in 143 (36.8%), mild in 55 (14.1%) and none in 53 (13.6%). The major complications included: super-ventricular tachycardia in 136 cases (34.9%), bleeding in 51 (13.1%), decrease in blood oxygen saturation in 48 (12.3%), asphyxia in 33 (8.5%), ventricular or super-ventricular arrhythmia in 24 (6.2%), short-term aggravation of airway obstruction in 18 (4.6%), and tracheal perforation in 3 (0.78%). All those complications were treated with various measures and no patient died of the complications during the procedure.

CONCLUSIONArgon plasma coagulation is effective and relatively safe in relieving the obstruction and dyspnea in patients with large airway obstruction caused by various reasons. However, for the patients with severe airway obstruction, argon plasma coagulation sometimes may cause severe or even lethal complications. Critical consideration of the indication, operators' skill and taking more precautions during the procedure are required to ensure the safety of argon plasma coagulation treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Argon ; therapeutic use ; Bronchial Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Bronchial Neoplasms ; complications ; Bronchoscopy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; complications ; Tracheal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the immunoregulatory effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) e antigen (HBeAg) on peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs).

METHODSPBMCs were isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB; both HBeAg- and HBeAg+) and healthy controls, and cultured with recombinant HBeAg. The HBeAg-induced changes in expression of PD-1/PD-L1 were measured by flow cytometry of the cells and in secreted cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the supernatants. Comparisons between two groups were made by the independent-samples t-test; the relationship between PD-1/B7-H1 level and HBV DNA copy number was evaluated by Spearman's correlation analysis.

RESULTSExposure to HBeAg led to a significant decrease in CD3+CD4+ T lymphocyte-specific expression of IFNa for both the CHB patients' and healthy controls' samples (t = 2.382 and -4.190 respectively, P less than 0.01). For the HBeAg- CHB patients' and healthy controls' samples, the HBeAg exposure led to increased levels of secreted cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNFa (t = 2.504, 3.583 and 4.324, P less than 0.01 and t = 3.542, 6.246 and 5.273, P less than 0.01 respectively) and of CD14+ PBMC-specific expression of PD-L1 (t = 4.815 and 3.454, P less than 0.05 respectively). Compared to the HBeAg-negative CHB patients' and healthy controls' samples, the HBeAg+ CHB patients' samples had significantly lower CD3+CD4+ T cell-specific expression of IFNa (t = -3.177 and -4.541, P less than 0.01 respectively), but significantly higher levels of secreted IL-4 (t = 3.382 and 4.393, P less than 0.01 respectively), of CD3+ T cells-specific expression of PD-1/PD-L1 (t = 4.755, 2.942 and 4.518, 4.595, P less than 0.01 respectively), and of CD14+ T cells-specific expression of PD-L1 (t = 5.092 and 5.473, P less than 0.01 respectively). The CD3+ T cells-specific expression of PD-L1 was significantly higher in the samples from HBeAg- CHB patients than from the healthy controls (t = 3.214, P less than 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHBeAg was able to down-regulate the production of Th1-type cytokines (IFNgamma), and up-regulate the secretion of Th2-type cytokines (IL-6, IL-10) and the expression of PD-1/PD-L1on monocytes. These changes are conducive to the formation of immune tolerance to HBV. Therefore, HBeAg may play an important role in immune tolerance to chronic HBV infection.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Interleukin-10 ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Proteins ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th1-Th2 Balance ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of virtual preoperative planning and 3D-printed templates for pre-contoured plates for the treatment of posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.Methods A retrospective analysis of 29 patients with posterior acetabular wall fractures treated between August 2017 and March 2021 were divided into 2 groups based on whether to use preoperative virtual planning and 3D printed template.In 3D-printing group,there were 14 patients,includ-ing 10 males and 4 females;aged from 21 to 53 years old;CT-based virtual surgical planning was done using Mimics and 3-Matic software and 3D-printed templates for pre-contoured plates were adopted.In conventional group,there were 15 patients,including 10 males and 5 females;aged from 19 to 55 years old;conventional method of intra-operative contouring to adapt the plate to the fracture region was adopted.Blood loss,surgical time,radiographic quality of reduction,and hip function were compared between groups.Results The difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss was significant(P＜0.05).Twenty-three patients were followed up from 12 to 30 months,and the fractures in both groups healed with a healing time of 3 to 6 months.At the last follow-up,the Merle d'Aubign-Postel score of the 3D printed group was lower than that of the conven-tional group(P＜0.05),with no significant differences in walking ability,hip mobility and total score(P＞0.05).In 3D printing group,6 cases were excellent,5 cases were good,3 cases were fair;in conventional group,5 cases were excellent,5 cases were good,4 cases were fair,1 case was worse;no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Virtual preopera-tive planning and 3D-printed templates for pre-contoured plates can reduce operative time and the blood loss of surgery,im-prove the quality of reduction.This method is efficient,accurate and reliable to treat acetabular posterior wall fractures.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of snail control through soil pasting mixed with niclosamide.

METHODSFour sites were selected in different epidemic areas in Sichuan province. Soil pasting mixed with niclosamide was carried on, and the dosage was 0 g/m2, 4 g/m2, 6 g/m2, 8 g/m2 and 10 g/m2 respectively. The mortality rate of snail and the density of snail were observed after 7, 15, 30, 90 and 180 days.

RESULTSThe mortality rate of snail was more than 43.3% in blank group after 30 days. The mortality rate of snail was from 75.3% to 100.0% at 4 g/m2 group after 30 days. The mortality rate of snail in 4 g/m2 group was significantly higher than that in the blank group (chi2 = 31.27, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate of snail among all study groups (chi2 = 1.07, P > 0.05). The decrease rate of snail density was more than 90%. The mortality rate of snail was about 30% higher in Chantu group than Qutu group. The unit cost of Pasting-Mixing Drug with Soil was from 5 to 7 times of spray method, but the total cost was similar for the. two methods at the endpoint of the snail control.

CONCLUSIONThe effect of soil pasting mixed with niclosamide is good, and the dosage of 4-6 g/m2 is suggested in snail control.

Animals ; Molluscacides ; Niclosamide ; Pest Control ; Schistosomiasis ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Snails ; Soil

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of the traditional Chinese herbal drug Ciwujia in inducing the differentiation of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into neuron-like cells.

METHODSRat MSCs isolated from the whole bone marrow were amplified by adherent culture in vitro and induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells using serum-free DMEM/F12 containing Ciwujia. The protein and mRNA expressions of nestin, beta-Tubulin III and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the differentiated cells were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method, Western blotting and RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe third-passage MSCs showed positive expression rates for CD44 and CD54 beyond 90% with decreased CD14 expression rate to 2.37%. Induction by Ciwujia of the MSCs resulted in cell body shrinkage and protrusion of the cell processes resembling those of neurons. The differentiated cells were positive for nestin and beta-Tubulin III expression and negative for GFAP as shown by immunofluorescence assay, Western blotting and RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONCiwujia can induce the differentiation of rat MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Eleutherococcus ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Nestin ; Neurons ; cytology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Tubulin ; metabolism

Objective To grasp the infection rate and genotypes of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in mosquito in Fujian province.Methods Mosquito specimens in Sanming city,Jianyang city and Fuzhou city in Fujian province were collected in 2010.RT-PCR was used to detect the JEV sequence from the mosquitoes by specific primers.The sequence splicing and the differentiation analysis for nucleotides,deduced amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree were performed by the software of ATGC,Clustal X ( 1.83 ),MegAlign,GeneDoc 3.2 and Mega (4.0).Results Totally 6987 mosquitoes were collected and main species was Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis.The infection rate of JEV in mosquitoes in Sanming,Jianyang and Fuzhou were 1.25％,1.76％ and 0.65％,respectively.One full genome in the positive specimens was sequenced.And further study showed that the positive JEV sequences belonged to genotype Ⅰ.Conclusion Genotype Ⅰ Japanese encephalitis virus is the main genotype in mosquitos in Fujian province.

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficiency of Shang Ring with that of the disposable circumcision suture device (DCSD) in the treatment of phimosis or redundant prepuce.

METHODSFrom June 2013 to March 2015, we treated 320 patients with phimosis or redundant prepuce using Shang Ring (n=158) or DCSD (n=162). We compared the operation time, intra-operative blood loss, incision healing time, postoperative complications, postoperative satisfaction, and treatment cost between the two groups of patients.

RESULTSComparison between the Shang Ring and DCSD groups showed that the operation time was (5.6±1.3) vs (5.4±1.2) min, intra-operative blood loss (1.2±0.8) vs (1.3±0.9) ml, postoperative delayed hemorrhage 3.16% (5/158) vs 4.32% (7/162), incision healing time (16.1±7.2) vs (7.5±2.3) d, wound infection 15.82% (25/158) vs 7.41% (12/162), 1-month postoperative incision edema 29.11% (46/158) vs 9.26% (15/162), overall postoperative satisfaction rate 63.92% (101/158) vs 90.12% (146/162), and treatment cost (1121.2±15.6) vs (2142.6±10.8) RMB ¥. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the latter five parameters (P<0.05 ), but not in the first three (P>0.05 ).

CONCLUSIONSThe DSCD has an obvious superiority over Shang Ring for its relatively lower complication rate, shorter incision healing time, and better cosmetic appearance.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Circumcision, Male ; instrumentation ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Penis ; surgery ; Personal Satisfaction ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgical Wound ; pathology ; Sutures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the in vitro protective effect of Pinus massoniana bark extracts (PMBE) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), and preliminarily study its mechanism.

METHODHuman embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) were cultured in vitro. The MTT assay was adopted to test the effect of PMBE and cisplatin on growth of HEK293 cells, and the protective effect of PMBE on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity of HEK293, and then detect the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).

RESULTPMBE could promote growth of HEK293 cells at low concentrations, but generate slight nephrotoxicity at high concentration. Cisplatin could inhibit growth of HEK293 cells, increase ROS and MDA content, while reducing SOD, CAT and TrxR. The pre-protective PMBE was added to reduce cisplatin's injury to HEK293 cells, ROS, MDA and GSH content, SOD, CAT and TrxR within certain range.

CONCLUSIONPMBE at specific concentration has the protective effect in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in HEK293 cells. Its mechanism may be related to PMBE's antioxidant activity.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Cisplatin ; toxicity ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Pinus ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Imprecise interpretation of coronary angiograms was reported and resulted in inappropriate revascularization. Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score is a comprehensive system to evaluate the complexity of the overall lesions. We hypothesized that a real-time SYNTAX score feedback from image analysts may rectify the mis-estimation and improve revascularization appropriateness in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: In this single-center, historical control study, patients with stable CAD with coronary lesion stenosis ≥50% were consecutively recruited. During the control period, SYNTAX scores were calculated by treating cardiologists. During the intervention period, SYNTAX scores were calculated by image analysts immediately after coronary angiography and were provided to cardiologists in real-time to aid decision-making. The primary outcome was revascularization deemed inappropriate by Chinese appropriate use criteria for coronary revascularization. RESULTS: A total of 3245 patients were enrolled and assigned to the control group (08/2016-03/2017, n = 1525) or the intervention group (03/2017-09/2017, n = 1720). For SYNTAX score tertiles, 17.9% patients were overestimated and 4.3% were underestimated by cardiologists in the control group. After adjustment, inappropriate revascularization significantly decreased in the intervention group compared with the control group (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.95; P = 0.007). Both inappropriate percutaneous coronary intervention (adjusted OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74-0.92; P < 0.001) and percutaneous coronary intervention utilization (adjusted OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79-0.98; P = 0.016) decreased significantly in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in 1-year adverse cardiac events between the control group and the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time SYNTAX score feedback significantly reduced inappropriate coronary revascularization in stable patients with CAD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Nos. NCT03068858 and NCT02880605; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.