Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paralyses, Familial Periodic ; therapy

Objective To investigate the typical value of gamma-radiation dose rate and its confidence interval in tank-transported copper ore by using bootstrap resampling techniques. Methods Bootstrap resampling method, coupled with kernel density estimation, introduced to acquire the typical value of gamma-radiation dose rate in copper ore. Results The typical value of gamma-radiation dose rate in copper ore was expressed as the central tendency of the means of resampling, and two kinds of confidence interval, empirical percentile and bias-corrected accelerated confidence interval, were provided as standard error. Conclusion It is clearly demonstrated that this method has an advantage to give a robust description in explanation of central tendency and variation range of gamma-radiation dose rate data profiles.

Antiviral Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Mental Disorders ; complications ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of caffeine citrate on myelin basic protein (MBP) expression in the cerebral white matter of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and the related mechanism.

METHODSForty-eight seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: sham operation (n=16), HIBD (n=16) and HIBD+caffeine citrate (n=16). The rats in the HIBD and HIBD+caffeine citrate groups were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation, and then were exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen for 2 hours to induce HIBD. The rats in the sham operation group were only subjected to a sham operation, without the left common carotid artery ligation or hypoxia exposure. Caffeine citrate (20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally before hypoxia ischemia (HI) and immediately, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after HI. The other two groups were injected intraperitoneally with an equal volume of normal saline at the corresponding time points. On postnatal day 12, the expression of MBP in the left subcortical white matter was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the levels of adenosine A1 receptor mRNA and A2a receptor mRNA in the left brain were detected by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe expression of MBP in the left subcortical white matter in the HIBD group was lower than in the sham operation group (P<0.05). The MBP expression in the HIBD+caffeine citrate group was significantly higher than in the HIBD group, but was still lower than the sham operation group (P<0.05). Real-time PCR showed that the adenosine A1 receptor mRNA expression was significantly higher in the HIBD group than in the sham operation group, and it was significantly lower in the HIBD+caffeine citrate group than in the HIBD group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCaffeine citrate can improve brain white matter damage following HIBD in neonatal rats and the protection mechanism might be related with the down-regulation of adenosine A1 receptor expression.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Caffeine ; pharmacology ; Citrates ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Myelin Basic Protein ; analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Adenosine A1 ; genetics ; Receptor, Adenosine A2A ; genetics ; White Matter ; chemistry

Objective An analysis was conducted to investigate the iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in low-coverage area of iodized salt of Yushu Qinghai province for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures. Methods Yushu, Chengduo, Nangqian and Zaduo counties with higher non-iodized salt coverage rate in Yushu Qinghai province were chosen as survey counties in 2009. Three townships were selected in each county, and 2 primary schools were selected in each township and 40 urine samples of children aged 8-10 were collected randomly in each primary school. The content of urinary iodine was analyzed by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometery. Results Median urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian and Zaduo was < 100 μg/L. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of children aged 10 in Zaduo was 81.5 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of children aged 9 and 10 was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in children aged 9 and 10 of Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of girls in Zaduo was 87.1 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of boys in Zaduo was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of girls in Yushu was over 20%. Conclusions The iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian, Zaduo and Yushu counties were very low due to the impact of non-iodized salt. We propose salt market in the region to strengthen management and improve the coverage and consumption rates of iodized salt to improve the level of iodine nutrition for effective prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of ricin temperature response gel on breast cancer and its regulatory effect on immune function in rats.

METHODSRicin was purified by chromatography and identified by immunoblotting. The rat subcutaneously transplanted breast cancer model was established. Forty model rats with a tumor diameter of about 3.0 cm were subjected to the study. They were randomized into four groups equally: the model group and three treated groups (blank gel, ricin, ricin-gel) were administered with blank gel, ricin, and ricin temperature response gel via percutaneous intratumor injection, respectively. The tumor was isolated 10 days later for the estimation of tumor inhibition rate (TIR) by weighing, pathologic examination, and detection of tumor apoptosis-associated genes bcl-2 and bax with semiquantitative RT-PCR. Also, peripheral blood was obtained to test T-lymphocyte subsets, the killing function of lymphocytes, and the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The outcomes were compared between groups.

RESULTSThe TIR in the ricin-gel group was 61.8%, with the pathologic examination showing extensive tumor tissue necrosis. Compared with the model group, after ricin temperature response gel treatment, bcl-2 expression was down-regulated, bax expression was up-regulated, CD4+ lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood were increased, the killing function of lymphocytes was enhanced, and the contents of TNF-α and IL-2 were elevated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIntratumor injection of ricin temperature-responsive gel showed significant antitumor effect on breast cancer and could enhance the immune function in the tumor-bearing rat.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gels ; therapeutic use ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunomodulation ; drug effects ; Injections, Intralesional ; Interleukin-2 ; immunology ; metabolism ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Ricin ; administration & dosage ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Temperature ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the effect of serum chromium on oral cancer after adjusting the covarite between groups based on propensity score matching (PSM). Methods We performed a case-control study in 395 cases of newly diagnosed primary oral cancer from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 1 240 controls from the same community from January 2010 to February 2018. Using the PSM to select 309 controls randomly which were matched with the cases by 1 ∶1 matching. Conditional Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between chromium and oral cancer. Results The level of serum chromium was 178.91 (121.83-284.19) μg/L in the case group, which was lower than 324.27 (264.82-397.69) μg/L in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001). Dose-response analysis showed that the risk of oral cancer gradually decreased with the increase of serum chromium, which presented a negative correlation. There was a negative correlation between serum chromium level and the risk for oral cancer by conditional Logistic regression,the aOR of serum chromium in the Q2, Q3 and Q4 compared with the Q1 were 0.14 (0.08-0.26), 0.15 (0.08-0.28) and 0.10 (0.05-0.20),with significant trend (Ptrend＜0.001). Stratified analysis showed the negative correlation between serum chromium and oral cancer by smoking, drinking tea, not drinking alcohol status and fish, fruits and green vegetables intake frequencies. Conclusions The high level of serum chromium is a protective factor for the incidence of oral cancer, and the higher of serum chromium, the lower risk of developing oral cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of tea on oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers. Methods A case-control study were performed between September 2010 and January 2015 including 203 oral cancer cases in nonsmokers and nondrinkers with pathologically confirmed and 572 community controls. The related information included socio-demographic characteristics, detailed information on tobacco smoking and alcohol and tea consumption, personal medical history, family history of cancer, and occupational history were collected from all subjects. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95%confidence intervals (95%CI) to examine the effect of tea on oral cancer and to assess multiplicative interactions between tea and passive smoking. We also stratified by age, sex, residence, and passive smoking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Additive interactions between tea and passive smoking were assessed using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI). Results Compared with non-tea drinkers, tea consumption (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.34-0.81), age of tea drinking initiation (years)≥18 (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.85), duration of tea consumption (years) <20 (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.27-0.90), duration of tea consumption (years)≥20(OR=0.55, 95%CI:0.32-0.95), average daily tea consumed<700 ml(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.32-0.86), moderate concentration of tea consumed (OR=0.56,95%CI:0.32-0.96), weak concentration of tea consumed(OR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.16-0.77), drinking green-tea(OR=0.48,95%CI: 0.28-0.82) and drinking moderate temperature of tea (OR=0.55,95%CI: 0.31-0.98) could reduce the risk of oral cancer; Stratified analysis indicated the protective effects of tea drinking on female (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.30-0.94), age<60 years old (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.29-0.97), live in the urban(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.20-0.69) and no passive smoking(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.25-0.86) population with nonsmoking and nondrinking was more obvious; Crossover analysis showed tea and passive smoking did not exist multiplication interaction relationship (OR=0.95,95%CI:0.41-2.20) and addition interaction relationship (RERI=-0.15,95%CI:-0.92-0.62;AP=-0.16,95%CI:-1.06-0.73;SI=-0.18, 95%CI:-1.44-0.87). Conclusion Tea consumption, age of tea drinking initiation, duration of tea consumption, average daily tea consumed, concentration of tea consumed, types of tea and temperature of tea might have impact on the incidence of oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the association between oral hygiene, chronic diseases, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods We performed a case-control study with 414 cases and 870 controls in Fujian during September 2010 to January 2015. Patients were newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma cases according to the pathologic diagnoses, control subjects were enrolled from community population. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire . The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Using unconditional logistic regression analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for oral hygiene and chronic diseases. We also stratified by sex, smoking and drinking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that number of teeth(20-27 and<20), bad prosthesis, recurrent oral ulceration were the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 2.01(1.49-2.73), 3.51(2.39-5.15), 2.33(1.79-3.04), 3.96(2.11-7.44), respectively;brushing tooth once per bay,brushing tooth more than once per day, regular oral health examination at least 5 years per time were the protective factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 0.24 (0.13-0.43),0.13 (0.07-0.24), 0.37 (0.26-0.53), respectively. The stratification analysis indicated that recurrent oral ulceration could increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) value was 5.21(2.42-11.18) and 4.71(2.37-9.36);and a risky effect of hypertension on risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma was observed for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 1.70 (1.10-2.61) and 1.58 (1.07-2.34) . Conclusions Oral hygiene and chronic diseases could affect the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical influence factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors. Methods We conducted a case-control study with 113 cases newly diagnosed primary oral-maxillofacial benign tumors and 584 cases controls from a hospital in Fujian from September 2010 to January 2015. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Unconditional logistic regression was used to research the relationship between the factors and oral-maxillofacial benign tumors. Results Multivariable analysis showed that risk factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors included: cigarette smoking index above 1 000, passive smoking before the age of 18, age of wearing bad prosthesis between 33 to 55 years old and high blood pressure; the corresponding OR(95%CI) values were 14.63 (3.88-55.13), 2.34 (1.19-4.62), 2.35 (1.17-4.73), 3.46(1.71-7.00), respectively; Protective factors included: regularly intake of meat above 1 time/day, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, brushing teeth above 1 time per day and oral examination above 5 years/time, the corresponding OR(95%CI) values were 0.22 (0.07-0.70), 0.18 (0.08- 0.41), 0.32 (0.11- 0.88), 0.22 (0.07- 0.73), 0.28 (0.16-0.48), 0.28 (0.13-0.60), respectively. Conclusion Abstinence from tobacco smoking, reduce passive smoking before the age of 18, regularly intake of meat, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, and oral examination at regular time might have impact on the incidence of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors to a certain extent.