The integrated course centered on organ system has been implemented for several years in Huazhong university of science and technology.Basic medicine courses were divided into three modules.Medical introduction Ⅰ was the first one which integrated nine basic medicine courses.Reform on teaching methods,teaching content,teacher training and experiment teaching were conducted and initial results were achieved.

Objective In order to study the etiology and the hearing status of the deaf students in Hubei province, a survey was carried out from April 1999 to June 2000.Methods A total number of 813 deaf students in Hubei province were examined with audiometer and investigated through questionnaire. The pedigress analysis was conducted in deaf students with family history.Results The pedigrees of 227 familes with deafness were obtained, the inheritance pattern of 167 families could be ascertained. 232(28.5%) deaf students were diagnosed congenital deafness, 581 (71.5%) students were diagnosed acquired deafness. The degrees of deafness could be ascertained with 359(44.1%) students of profound deafness, 323(39.7%) students of severe deafness, 111(13.7%) students with moderate to severe deafness, 11(1.4%) students of moderate deafness, and 9(1.1%) students of mild deafness.Conclusion The hearing loss of deaf students is very serious, and genetic factor and ototoxic antibiotics were a principal causation in the occurrence of deafness.

Subtelomeric rearrangements contribute to idiopathic mental retardation (MR), but most children with idiopathic MR do not show any chromosome abnormalities with standard cytogenetic analysis. The primed in situ labeling (PRINS) technique, using an oligonucleotide primer complementary to the telemetric repeat sequences (TTAGGG), can identify chromosome telomeric abnormality (deletion) in idiopathic MR children. In this study, seventy children with idiopathic MR were enrolled and subjected to PRINS. The results showed normal karyotype in all the children, subtelomeric rearrangements (1q del and 4q del) in 2 cases, which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). It was concluded that PRINS is effective for the detection of subtelomeric rearrangements and may become a routine technique for cytogenetical abnormality screening.

Subtelomeric rearrangements contribute to idiopathic mental retardation (MR),but most children with idiopathic MR do not show any chromosome abnormalities with standard cytogenetic analysis.The primed in situ labeling (PRINS) technique,using an oligonucleotide primer complementary to the telemetric repeat sequences (TTAGGG),can identify chromosome telomeric abnormality (deletion) in idiopathic MR children.In this study,seventy children with idiopathic MR were enrolled and subjected to PRINS.The results showed normal karyotype in all the children,subtelomeric rearrangements (1q del and 4q del) in 2 cases,which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).It was concluded that PRINS is effective for the detection of subtelomeric rearrangements and may become a routine technique for cytogenetical abnormality screening.

Purpose: The influence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cholesterolemia primary liver cancer (PLC) in china was analyzed via a large prospective cohort study based on a community population, and the combined effects between them were investigated. Materials and Methods: Overall, 98,936 staff from the Kailuan Group who participated in and finished physical examinations between 2006 and 2007 were included in the cohort study. Their medical information was collected and they were followed up after examination. The correlations of serum FBG or TC with PLC were analyzed. Then, we categorized all staff into four groups: normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia, normal FBG/hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBGon-hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/hypocholesterolemia and normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia was used as a control group. The combined effects of elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia with PLC were analyzed using the Age-scale Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: During 1,134,843.68 person*years follow up, a total of 388 PLC cases occured. We found the elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia increases the risk for PLC, respectively. Compared with the non-hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group, the risk of PLC was significantly increased in the non-hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=1.19,95%CI 0.88–1.62) and hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group (HR=1.53,95%CI 1.19–1.97), and in the hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=3.16 95%CI2.13-4.69). And, a significant interaction effect was found of FBG and TC on PLC. All results were independent from the influence of liver disease. Conclusion Elevated serum FBG and hypocholesterolemia are risk factors for PLC, especially when combined. Thus, for the prevention and treatment of PLC, serum FBG and TC levels should be investigated.

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum uric acid on new-onset cholelithiasis.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The data of 97 469 subjects who participated health examination at the Kailuan General Hospital Affiliated to the North China University of Science and Technology,Kailuan Linxi Hospital,Kailuan Zhaogezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Tangjiazhuang Hospital,Kailuan Fan'gezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Lyujiatuo Hospital,Kailuan Jinggezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Linnancang Hospital,Kailuan Qianjiaying Hospital,Kailuan Majiagou Hospital and Kailuan Branch Hospital from June 2006 to December 2015 were collected.Epidemiological investigation,anthropometric parameters and biochemical indicators were collected.All the subjects were allocated into 4 groups according to squartiles of serum uric acid:24 140 with serum uric acid ＜232 μmol/L in the Q1 group,24 473 with 232 μmol/L≤ serum uric acid ＜282 μmol/L in the Q2 group,24 382 with 282 μmol/L≤ serum uric acid ＜338 μmol/L in the Q3 group and 24 474 with serum uric acid ≥ 338 μmol/L in the Q4 group.Observation indicators:(1) comparisons of clinical characteristics among the 4 groups;(2) incidence of cholelithiasis in the 4 groups;(3) effects of serum uric acid on the new-onset cholelithiasis:① the dose-response relationship between serum uric acid and the risk of cholelithiasis,② comparisons of the fitting degree of serum uric acid on the cholelithiasis model,③ effects of different serum uric acid levels on incidence of cholelithiasis after stratification by sex,④ serum uric acid of different gender on the boxplots,⑤ effects of different serum uric acid levels on the incidence of cholelithiasis after stratification by age.Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as (x)±s,and comparisons among groups were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA.Measurement data with skewed distribution is expressed by M (Q),and comparisons among groups were analyzed using the nonparametric Krustal-willis test.Count data were represented by percentage,and comparisons among groups were analyzed using chi-square test.The incidences of cholethiasis in 4 groups of different serum uric acid were calculated by person-year incidence.Restrictive cubic spline regression was used to calculate the dose-response relation between the continuous variable and the risks of new-onset cholelithiasis and 95％ confidence interval (CI).COX regression model was used to analyze the hazard ratio (HR) and 95％ CI of different serum uric acid levels on new-onset cholelithiasis.Likelihood ratio test and akaike information criterion (AIC) were used to calculate the fitting degree of serum uric acid on new-onset cholelithiasis model.Boxplots were used to describe serum uric acid in different genders.Results (1) comparisons of clinical characteristics among the 4 groups:sex (male),age,body mass index (BMI),systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high sensitive C-reactive protein,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise were 15 162,(50± 11) years,(24±3)kg/m2,(123±21)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(82± 12)mmHg,(5.6±2.0) mmol/L,(4.8±1.2) mmol/L,1.14 mmol/L (range,0.81-1.63 mmol/L),0.70 mmol/L (range,0.23-2.23 mmol/L),2 537,9 415,4575,2380,2 649 in the Q1 group,19 079,(51±12) years,(25±3)kg/m2,(130±21)mmHg,(83±12) mmHg,(5.5 ± 1.7) mmol/L,(4.9 ± 1.2) mmol/L,1.20 mmol/L (range,0.86-1.76 mmol/L),0.71 mmol/L (range,0.28-1.98 mmol/L),2 287,10 124,6 918,3 649,3 288 in the Q2 group,21 132,(52±13)years,(25±3)kg/m2,(132±21)mmHg,(84±12)mmHg,(5.5±1.6)mmol/L,(5.0±1.2) mmol/L,1.29 mmol/L (range,0.91-1.94 mmol/L),0.80 mmol/L (range,0.30-2.06 mmol/L),2 027,10 755,8 259,4 730,3 958 in the Q3 group,22 651,(53± 14) years,(26± 3) kg/m2,(134± 21) mmHg,(85±12)mmHg,(5.4±1.5)mmol/L,(5.1±1.2)mmol/L,1.54 mmol/L (range,1.05-2.35 mmol/L),1.02 mmol/L (range,0.43-2.50 mmol/L),1 981,12 082,9 562,6 209,4 758 in the Q4 group,respectively,with statistically significant differences among the 4 groups (x2 =7 624.63,F=279.93,961.91,330.84,271.40,38.25,353.18,H =3 406.30,912.23,x2 =108.15,590.49,2567.07,2 209.21,760.15,P＜0.05).(2)Incidence of cholelithiasis in the 4 groups:97 469 participants were followed up for 592 922 person-year,4 270 participants had new-onset cholelithiasis,with a total person-year incidence of 7.20 thousand person / year.The person-year incidence were respectively 6.34 (971/153 205 * 1 000),6.91 (1 034/149 686 * 1 000),7.44 (1 090/146 549 * 1 000),8.19 (1 175/143 482 * 1 000) thousand person / year in Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4 group.(3) Effects of serum uric acid on the new-onset cholelithiasis.① The dose-response relationship between serum uric acid and the risk of cholelithiasis:restricted cubic spline regression showed a linear relationship between continuous serum uric acid,logarithmic transformated serum uric acid and the risk of cholelithiasis (x2 =11.74,8.01,P＜0.05).② Comparisons of the fitting degree of serum uric acid on the cholelithiasis model:adjusted for sex,age,BMI,TC,TG,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise,risks of new-onset cholelithiasis increased in Q3 and Q4 groups compared with Q1 group (HR=1.10,1.12,95％CI:1.01-1.20,1.03-1.23,P＜0.05).The-2Log L and AIC value of multivariate model,serum uric acid+multivariate model were 92 532.39,92 550.39 and 92 525.35,92 549.35,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2=7.04,P ＜ 0.05).③ Effects of different serum uric acid levels on incidence of cholelithiasis after stratification by sex:in female participants,adjusted for age,BMI,TC,TG,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise,risk of new-onset cholelithiasis in Q1 group was not statistically significant different from that in Q2,Q3,Q4 group (HR=1.06,1.15,1.09,95％CI:0.88-1.28,0.93-1.34,0.91-1.31,P＞0.05).In male participants,adjusted for age,BMI,TC,TG,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise,risks of new-onset cholelithiasis in Q2,Q3 and Q4 groups were increased compared with Q1 group (HR=1.17,1.24,1.30,95％CI:1.06-1.30,1.12-1.37,1.18-1.44,P＜0.05).④ Serum uric acid of different gender on the boxplots:in female participants,the level of serum uric acid was (249 ± 61) μmol/L,(235±50)μmol/L,(231±56) μmol/L,(250±66) μmol/L,(266±75) μmol/L,(281±81) μmol/L,(298±76) μmol/L,(379±86)μmol/L respectively in the group of 18-27 years old,28-37 years old,38-47 years old,48-57 years old,58-67 years old,68-77 years old,78-87 years old,88-97 years old after stratified by 10 years old.In male participants,the level of serum uric acid was respectively (310±76)μmol/L,(298 ±75) μmol/L,(298±74) μmol/L,(294±74) μmol/L,(302±78) μmol/L,(311 ±80) μmol/L,(322±80) μmol/Land (330±75)μmol/L after participants stratified by 10 years old.⑤ Effects of different serum uric acid levels on the incidence of cholelithiasis after stratification by age:in participants with age ≤ 60 years old,adjusted for sex,BMI,TC,TG,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise,risk of new-onset cholelithiasis in the Q2 and Q3 groups were not increased compared with Q1 group (HR=1.05,1.10,95％CI:0.94-1.17,0.99-1.23,P＞0.05),however,risk of new-onset cholelithiasis was increased in the Q4 group (HR =1.15,95％CI:1.02-1.28,P＜0.05).In participants with age ＞ 60 years old,adjusted for sex,BMI,TC,TG,diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking and physical exercise,risk of new-onset cholelithiasis in the Q2 groups was not increased compared with Q1 group (HR=1.16,95％CI:0.99-1.36,P＞0.05),however,risks of new-onset cholelithiasis were increased in the Q3 and Q4 groups (HR =1.19,1.21,95％CI:1.02-1.40,1.04-1.41,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Elevated serum uric acid is an independent risk factor for the new-onset cholelithiasis.

Objective: To screen the differential expression profile of circular RNA (circRNA) in pancreatic cancer and analyze its potential function. Methods: Four pairs of pancreatic cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent pancreatic tissues were selected for high⁃throughput sequencing , and the differentially expressed circRNA was screened according to fold change > 2 and P < 0. 05. qRT⁃PCR was used to detect the expression of 5 randomly selected differentially expressed circRNA in 20 pairs of pancreatic cancer tissue samples. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed circRNA was performed , and the top 50 circRNA⁃microRNA interaction network was constructed. The relationship between hsa_circ_0046523 and the clinicopathological features of pancreatic cancer was further analyzed , and the effects of hsa_circ_0046523 on the proliferation , migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells were observed by functional experiments. Results: A total of 17 182 circRNA were predicted by high⁃throughput sequencing , of which 302 circRNA were differentially expressed including 137 circRNA were upregulated and 165 circRNA were downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues. The qRT⁃PCR results showed that the expression levels of hsa_circ_0046523 , hsa_circ_0004220 and hsa_circ_0000690 in pancreatic cancer tis⁃sues were significantly upregulated (P<0.05)，while the expression levels of hsa_ ir_0008676 and hisa _ circ_0004416 were significantly downregulated (P<0.05）.which was consistent with the sequencing results.GO analysis indicated that differentially expressed circRNA were mainly involved in substrate-dependent cell migration, protein kinase complex and cytoskeletal protein bindinig.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed circRNA were mainly involved in protein digestion and absorption , ABC transporters , central carbon metabolism in cancer,and glycineserine and threonine metabolism pathways.The expression level of hsa_ circ_0046523 was closely correlated with tumor differentiation (P=0.002),T stage (P=0.006),lymph node metastasis (P=0.011) and TNM stage (P=0.001).Compared with HPDE6-C7 cells the expression of hsa_circ_0046523 significantly inc increased in pancreatic cancer SW1990, Mia PaCa-2BxPC-3 and Capan-2 ceIls (P<0.05). hsa_circ_ 0046523 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer Mia PaCa⁃2 BxPC⁃3 cells (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion There are characteristic differentially expressed circRNAs in pancreatic cancer tissues , and these differentially expressed circRNAs may be involved in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer.