Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Stomach ; anatomy & histology ; surgery

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is one of the effective interventions for treating atheroclerotic corona ry heart disease. However, myocardial ischemia caused by balloon dilation during the operation has raised great concern. As a result, administration of drugs an d mechanical measures have been employed perioperatively to protect the cardiac muscle so as to prevent or reduce the myocardial ischemia and ensure the safety of the operation. This paper reviews the significance and methodology of pharmac ological myocardial protection during PTCA.

Esophageal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Preoperative Care

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the use of antibiotics in our hospital.METHODS:The data regarding the use of antibiotics retrieved in July 2006 from 184 discharged histories were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS:The application rate of antibiotics in our hospital reached 77.3%,of which,34.6% were used in combination of two kinds,and 32.6% were used in combination of three kinds.Only 5.9% of the specimens had been sent for pathologic examination.CONCLUSION:The application rate of antibiotics in the inpatients of our hospital as well as the postoperative use of antibiotics were all on the high side,while the rate of specimens sent for pathologic examination was on the low side,therefore,it is urgent to strengthen control on the rational use and standardized management of antibiotics.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) is a prevalent disorder often associated with multisystem dys-function.Available therapies are limited by either lack of long-term adherence or low response rates .Two emerging therapies hold promise in providing alternatives to patients with OSA .The first stems from the importance of the upperairway dilator muscles in main-taining pharyngeal stability .Electrical stimulation of the genioglossus muscle improves both upper-airway diameter and ameliorates pha-ryngeal obstruction .The results of phase ⅠandⅡclinical trials hold promise , but the reported improvements in the apnea-hypopnea index vary between subjects and long-term safety needs further studies .The second technology relies on creating an increased expiratory nasal resistance via a bidirectional valve designed to be worn just inside the nostrils .Initial findings of clinical trials suggest reduction in severity of sleep apnea and subjective daytime sleepiness .Considerable heterogeneity in response to the nasal device was noted de-spite the high adherence rates .It remains unclear which patients will likely benefit from these devices .

Due to a wide variety of classification and phenotypes,rare diseases are difficult to be diagnosed in the clinical practice Studies have shown that most rare diseases belong to inherited diseases,so it is particularly important to carry out the genetics research and molecular diagnosis.Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology has the advantages of a high throughput,high sensitivity etc,which is the main research means to identify the pathogenic genes of rare diseases at present.With the development of NGS and the bioinformatics technology,in recent years the whole exome sequencing and targeted panel sequencing have been gradually applied to clinical molecular diagnosis,which is important to increase the accuracy of diagnosis and to improve the therapeutic effect of rare diseases.

It has recently been demonstrated that Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) plays an important role in tumorigenesis through its regulation of tumor cell growth via a variety of mechanisms. In some tumors, activation of GSK-3β inhibits the growth of tumor cells whereas in other tumors, GSK-3β promotes tumor cells growth, meanwhile, GSK-3β may also regulate sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs to tumor cells,thus GSK-3β is likely to become a novel target for tumor therapy.

Objective　To observe the effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid treatment combined with Methotrexate or Vincristine on a human malignant glioma cell line. Methods　The effect of drugs on the cells was measured by MTT, and the protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells was measured by immunohistochemistry assay. Results　①The anti-tumor effects of drugs on the cells were increased with the increasing of concentrations, and had a combined function between NDGA and MTX or VCR. ②There was no difference between the effect of treating NDGA with MTX or VCR given at the same time and MTX or VCR given after 24 h of NDGA treatment, but the effects were apparently different when NDGA was administrated after MTX or VCR treatment for 24 h. ③The protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells was apparently reduced after NDGA treatment. Conclusion　There is a cooperative function between NDGA and MTX or VCR on the cells, and the function is probably related to the NDGA-induced down-regulation of protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells.

Objective To assess the impact of tranexamic acid on visible and hidden blood loss after the preliminary unilateral total hip arthtoplasty (THA).Methods The study involved 60 patients who received primary unilateral THA due to femoral neck fracture from March 2010 to September 2011.They were 18 males and 42 females,at 58 to 86 years of age (average 74.5 years).They were divided into Group A (n =20),not given tranexamic acid,Group B (n =20),given tranexamic acid in operation,Group C (n =20),given tranexamic acid at preoperative one hour according to stratified random method.Total red blood cell loss,visible red blood cell loss,and hidden red blood cell loss in each group were calculated.Results Visible red blood cell loss in Groups A,B,and C was (95.4 ± 17.7) ml,(45.5 ± 11.5) rnl,and (45.3 ± 8.4) ml respectively.Moreover,difference of visible red blood cell loss was significant between Groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05),but insignificant between Groups B and C (P ＞ 0.05).Hidden red blood cell loss in Groups A,B,and C was (322.4 ± 57.7) ml,(203.8 ±46.6) ml,and (137.6 ± 34.7) ml respectively,with significant difference between Groups A and B (P＜0.05) and between Groups B and C (P＜0.05).Conclusions Tranexamic acid reduces the visible and hidden blood loss in primary unilateral THA significantly.While tranexamic acid administered at preoperative one hour gains advantage of less hidden blood loss over the intraoperative administration.

Surgical approaches for esophageal carcinoma are many and varied. Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly used widely in esophagectomy as they not only ensure patients' therapeutic effects, but also reduce trauma and accelerate recovery. The lymph nodes excisional area of esophageal carcinoma is still in controversy. It is necessary to carry out further researches on selective lymph nodes excision, which can decrease complication rate and improve patients' survival in the meantime.
Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures