Objective: This study analyzed the active surveillance data of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students in Maanshan City. The purpose is to explore its epidemiological characteristics and provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze 976 cases of primary and secondary school students collected at the sentinel hospital in Maanshan City. Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students with different characteristics, and the Logistic regression analysis was conducted on the influencing factors timely rate of health-seeking. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of food-borne diseases among primary and secondary school students in gender, urban and rural areas, hospital grades, administrative areas, eating places and food packaging or processing methods ( χ 2=5.24, 6.86, 41.45, 48.09, 27.87, 23.62, P < 0.05 ). There were 624 males (66.78%) and 352 females (33.22%). July-October was the peak period of health-seeking ( 45.77 %), and Huashan District (31.45%) had the largest number of cases. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that women ( OR =1.36, 95% CI =1.04-1.79), summer ( OR =1.68, 95% CI =1.19-2.35), autumn ( OR =1.49, 95% CI =1.04-2.12) and the Hexian area ( OR =2.71, 95% CI =1.77-4.15) were positively correlated with the timeliness of health-seeking. Conclusion The cases of foodborne diseases in primary and secondary schools in Maanshan City were mainly male. Summer and autumn were the main onset times. Huashan District was the key prevention county. It is suggested that all departments should take active and effective measures to strengthen the prevention and control of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students.