Objective To evaluate the effect of FTY720 on retinal leukocytes adhesion and vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy (DR) model,and explore its mechanism.Methods Ninety male Wister rats were randomly divided into normal control group,diabetic group and FTY720 group,thirty rats in each group.Diabetes was induced by giving a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin.FTY720 group was administered with FTY720 at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg by oral gavage daily for 3 months after establishment of diabetes.All rats were used for experiments following intervention for 3 months in FTY720 group.Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression and distribution of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1),and the positive cells were counted.Real-time reverse transcription PCR was used to measure mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.Fluorescein isothiocyanate-Concanavalin A perfusion was used to detect retinal leukocytes adhesion.Evans blue (EB) perfusion was used to analyze retinal vascular permeability.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect retinal inflammatory cells infiltration.Results In diabetic group,both ICAM-1(t =12.81) and VCAM-1 (t=11.75) positive cells as well as their mRNA expression (t=16.14,9.59) were increased compared with normal control group,with statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).In FTY720 group,both ICAM-1(t=-9.93) and VCAM-1 (t=-6.61) positive cells as well as their mRNA expression (t=-15.28,-6.10) were decreased compared with diabetic group,with statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).Retinal leukocytes adhesion (t=16.32) and EB permeability (t=17.83) were increased in diabetic group compared with normal control group,while they were decreased in FTY720 group compared with diabetic group(t=-9.93,-11.82),with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There were many CD45 positive leukocytes infiltration in retina of diabetic group,including CD11b positive macrophage/activated microglia,while both of them were little in FTY720 group.Conclusions FTY720 can decrease retinal leukocytes adhesion,reduce retinal vascular permeability and inflammatory cells infiltration,which is associated with down-regulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.

Objective To compare the effects of intravitreal tamponade of C3 F8 with silicon oil on postoperative vitreous hemorrhage and visual prognosis after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods The clinical data of 121 patients (127 eyes)who underwent primary vitrectomy due to PDR were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into two groups according to different intravitreal tamponade, including C3 F8 tamponade group (53 patients with 56 eyes ) and silicone oil tamponade group (68 patients with 71 eyes).There was no difference of gender (χ2 = 0.956 ),age (t =1.122),duratiion of diabetes (t=0.627),fasting blood glucose (t=1.049),systolic pressure (t=1.056), diastolic pressure (t = 0.5 1 7 ), history of hypertension (χ2 = 0.356 ), nephropathy (χ2 = 1.242 ), preoperative laser photocoagulation (χ2 = 1.225 )and All the patients underwent three port pars plana vitrectomy.The mean follow-up was 2 years ranging from 6 months to 4 years.And then the incidence and onset time of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage and postoperative BCVA of the two groups were compared. Results Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 14 of 56 eyes (25.00%)in C3 F8 tamponade group. The average onset time of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage were (64.64 ± 59.09)days ranging from 7 -225 days and mostly were within 30-60 days (35.71%,5/14).Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage also occurred in 7 of 71 eyes (9.89%)of silicone oil tamponade group after silicone oil removal with an average onset time of (25.29±20.46)days ranging from 3-65 days and were mostly within 1 5-30 days (42.86%, 3/7).There was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage between the two groups (χ2 = 5.200,P <0.05 ).BCVA of the two groups was improved significantly after operation (Z =2.472,3.1 14;P <0.05).Postoperative BCVA of silicone oil tamponade group was poorer than C3 F8 tamponade group (Z =1.968,P <0.05).Conclusion Both C3 F8 and silicone oil tamponade can improve the visual acuity after vitrectomy for PDR.Compared with C3 F8 ,silicone oil tamponade had lower incidence and late onset of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy for PDR.

OBJECTlVE To investigate the improvement effect of rosigIitazone(ROm)against cis-pIatin(DDP)-induced nephropathy in rats and its mechanim of resistance to oxidative stress. METHODS Invitro:the survivaI rate of HEK293 ceIIs was measured with mTT assay incubated with DDP 0.4 -100 μmoI·L-1 aIone or with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 and ROm 0.01-1000 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h. Then the content of maIondiaIdehyde(mDA)and the activity of gIutathione(GSH)in HEK293 ceIIs co-incubated with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 and ROm 100 μmoI·L-1 were assayed using chromatometry. In vivo:sixty maIe SD rats were randomIy divided into normaI controI group,modeI group(DDP 5 mg·kg-1 )and modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups. The modeI of DDP-induced nephropathy was estabIished by taiI vein injection of DDP 5 mg·kg-1 ,once a week,for 3 times. After the first injection,the rats in modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups were ig given ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 ,once a week,for 8 weeks. The bIood urea nitrogen(BUN)and creatinine(Cr)were assessed with an automatic biochemicaI anaIyzer. Nitric oxide(NO)and mDA content,GSH and superoxide dismutase( SOD)activities in the kidney tissue were determined using chromatometry and histopathoIogicaI changes in renaI tissues were detected by hematoxyIin-eosin staining. RESULTS In vitro:IC50 of DDP to HEK293 ceII survivaI for 48 h was 21.0 μmoI·L-1 . Co-incubation with ROm 1-1000 μmoI·L-1 and DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h couId signifi-cantIy increase the totaI ceII survivaI rate compared with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 group(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01), whiIe co-incubation with ROm 100 μmoI·L-1 and DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h couId significantIy decrease the IeveI of mDA(P﹤0.01)and increase GSH activity(P﹤0.01),respectiveIy. In vivo:compared with normaI group,serum BUN and Cr content in modeI group were significantIy increased(P﹤0.01),renaI tissue GSH and SOD activities decreased(P﹤0.01),renaI tissue mDA content increased(P﹤0.01), and renaI tissue NO IeveI and NOS activity aIso decreased significantIy(P﹤0.05). Compared with modeI group,serum BUN content in modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 decreased from(17.0±1.3)mmoI·L-1 to 14.0±4.1,11.2±1.8 and(6.1±1.0)mmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01),serum Cr content in modeI+ROm 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 decreased from(124.6±39.8)mmoI·L-1 to 49.0±5.2 and(47.1±2.9)mmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01), renaI tissue GSH and SOD activities in modeI+ROm 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 group increased significantIy (P﹤0.05,P ﹤ 0. 01),mDA IeveI decreased(P﹤0.05,P ﹤ 0. 01),NO IeveI and NOS activity aIso increased(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01),and renaI pathoIogicaI tissue damage couId be improved. CONCLUSlON ROm pIays a protective roIe in rat kidney damage caused by DDP,which may be reIated to improving oxidative stress resistance of the kidney.

Objective:To compare the intravenous (Ⅳ) administration with an oral iron agent administration in their efficacy and side effects in hemodialysis patients with renal anemia. Method:50 renal anemic patients were randomly grouped as the treatment group (TG) and controlled group (25 cases for each). 100 mg iron dextran injection was intravenously dropped twice weekly for the TG patients in the dialysis course, totally 10 times. 150 mg iron polysaccharide complex capsules was orally used qd in the controlled group. All the patients were treated in combination with 8000u of erythropoietin (EPO) weekly and observed for 8 weeks. The changes in Hb, serum ferritin level and agent side effect were monitored. Result:Hb, Hct and SP were all improved in both the TG and controlled group after the treatment (P

Objective To assess the effect of cryopreservation of cornea in glycerol,to analyze the protective effect of sodium hyaluronate on corneal endothelial cells(CEC) during preservation,and to find out a convenient and cheap method for the storage of cornea.Methods 20 rabbit corneas were divided into two groups randomly.The corneas of control group were stored directly in pure glycerol at-25℃,while in the experimental group sodium hyaluronate was evenly anointed on the corneal endothelial surface of the cornea before being cryopreserved in glycerol.2 months later,the effect of preservation for both groups was examined with trypan blue combined with alizarin red staining(viability staining) for corneal endothelial cells,electron-microscope examination for preserved corneas,and rabbit experimental penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) with the long-term cryopreserved corneas from both the experimental and control groups.Results CEC viability could be preserved by both methods.CEC trypan blue combined with alizarin red staining(viability staining) showed that the CEC density of cornea in the experimental group was 3 067.9?127.6/mm2,which was higher than that of control group(2 899.9?134.0/mm2).The mortality of CEC in experimental group was 4.2%?3.4%,lower than that in control group(13.8%?2.2%).Suceessful rate of PKP was higher in the experimental group with higher CEC density.Conclusion Cryopreservation with glycerol can preserve the viability of CEC.Sodium hyaluronate can reduce the damage to endothelium in the preserving procedure and can obviously improve the effect of preservation.The improved cryopreservation of cornea with glycerol may be a convenient,economic and effective method for eyebank.

AIM:To explore the effect of comprehensive therapy in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer and clinical outcome.
METHODS:A total of 159 cases 159 eyes fungal corneal ulcer patients took comprehensive therapy of 10 measures, followed up more than 3mo to observe the treatment effect and the final visual acuity in our hospital for treatment.
RESULTS: The average hospitalization time of fungal corneal ulcer was(12. 11±5. 13) d. A total of 148 cases of 148 eyes were cured, and the cure rate was 93. 1%;improvement in 8 cases, accounted for 5. 0%; 3 cases were ineffective, accounted for 1. 9%. The final visual acuity of 89 eyes ≥0. 3, accounted for 56. 0%(89/159). The final visual acuity of 136 eyes ≥0. 1, accounting for 85. 5%(136/159), and accounting for 91. 9% in 148 cured patients.
CONCLUSION: The comprehensive therapy in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer has higher cure rate and visual acuity.

Objective To investigate the effects of respiratory training on motor function in patients with acute stroke. Methods From 2012 to 2014, 80 patients with acute stroke were randomly assigned into treatment group and control group equally. The control group re-ceived routine rehabilitation training, while the treatment group received respiratory training in addition. All the patients were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Bathel Index (MBI) before and eight weeks after treatment. Results The scores of FMA and MBI improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (t>3.938, P<0.001) after treatment. Conclusion Respiratory training may promote the recovery of motor function in acute stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the conformance of drug storage condition in our hospital with the criterion of Good Supply Practice of Drug(GSP)or drug instructions. METHODS:The ratio of drugs which should be stored at cold chain or below 20 ℃ or room temperature in our hospital in 2013 was analyzed statistically according to drug instruction and GSP(2013 edition). The conformance of storage condition between our hospital and GSP(2013 edition)or drug instructions was analyzed retrospective-ly. RESULTS:Among 1 338 drugs in our hospital in 2013(886 domestic drugs,66.22%;452 imported or import-packing drugs, 33.78%),110 drugs should be refrigerated(8.22%),3 be frozen(0.22%),271 be kept below 20 ℃(20.25%)and 954 be kept at room temperature(71.30%),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Through continuous improvement of management,drug storage con-dition could meet the requirements of GSP (2013 edition) and drug instruction. In order to ensure drug quality,the government should improve related laws and regulations,and promote the operability of storage condition stated in drug instruction.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of letrozole for postmenopausal breast cancer patients with bone raetastases. Methods: Thity-six breast cancer patients with bone metstases received 2. 5 mg tablet letrozole every day. for at least two months. Results: In the 36 patients who were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity, the complete response rate (CR) , partial response rate ( PR) , disease stabilization rate ( SD) and progressive disease rate ( PD) were respectively 5.5% , 22. 2% , 55. 5% and 16. 6% . The clinical benefit rate ( CR + PR + SD ≥ 6 months ) was 58. 3% (21/36) with 11 patients (30. 5%) having SD for at least 6 months . Conclusions: Letrozole is a well tolerated agent with reasonable efficacy but low toxicity for postmenopausal breast cancer patients with bone metastases.

ObjectiveTo detect the mechanism of the growth inhibition and apoptosis of human acute leukemia cell line U937 cells induced by honokiol.MethedsThe proliferation inhibition was detected by MTT method.Cell apoptosis was tested by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining.RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of the apoptosis gene Bcl-2,Bax,Caspase 3,Caspase 8 and Caspase 9.ResultsThe inhibition effect of honokiol(5 μg/ml,48 h) on U937 cells proliferation could he observed,and the inhibition rate of 10 μg/ml honokiol on cell proliferation reached above 50％ (48 h).U937 cells proliferation could be completely inhibited for 120 h. U937 cells apoptosis rate reached 26.8％ (P ＜0.01)after being treated with 10 μg/ml honokiol.After being treated with 10 μg/ml honokiol for 48 h,the Bcl-2 gene expression in U937 cells was reduced (control group:0.33 ± 0.02,experimental group:0.14 ±0.01,P ＜ 0.01 ),and the Bax gene expression was elevated ( control group:0.1 ± 0.01,experimental group:0.87 ± 0.08,P ＜ 0.01 ).The gene expressions of Caspase 3 ( control group:0.48 ± 0.01,experimental group:0.87±0.06,P ＜0.01),Caspase 8(control group:0.23±0.02,experimental group:0.41 ±0.07,P ＜ 0.01 ) and Caspase 9 ( control group:0.44 ± 0.05,experimental group:0.76 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.01 ) were all increased.The activity of Caspase-3 was 0.325 ±0.089,which was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionHonokiol can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce cell apoptosis of human acute leukemia cell line U937 cells.The mechanism is related to the up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2,and the endogenous and exogenous pathways are both inolved in the apoptosis process.