BACKGROUND: The transposition flap is one of the most useful methods of facial reconstruction after Mohs micrographic surgery of the basal cell carcinoma, but occasionally some variations are needed. OBJECTIVE: We present our experience with several variations of the transposition flap to overcome the disadvantages of classic rhomboid flaps. METHODS: We performed the Webster 30-degree angle flap on the lower eyelid, the double 30-degree angle flap on the temple area and the nasolabial flap on the ala nasi. RESULTS: These variations of the transposition flap gave no complications such as ectropion, tissue distortion, protrusion, or trapdoor deformity. CONCLUSION: The variations of the transposition flap in our cases might be of help in selecting the ideal method in facial reconstruction.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ectropion ; Eyelids ; Methods ; Mohs Surgery*

Double eyelid operation is one of the most common cosmetic surgery in orientals. Among this, the non-incision technique has been usually performed in the patient with thin upper eyelid, lesser amounts of orbital fat, less redundant skin of upper eyelid, and so on. A non-incision technique make a more smooth and natural double eyelid. The merit comes from short operating time, short recovery time, less morbidity and inconspicuous scarring, Therefore, when we decide double eyelid operation on a patient who has a congenital unilateral double eyelid, we correct the aesthetic deformity in appearance caused by an unnatural asymetric upper lid which is not double eyelid using a non-incision technique. This study includes 255 patients to whom underwent double eyelid operation of unilateral double eyelid by non-incision techniques from 1990 to 1995, ranged in age 19 to 55years and follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 2 years. Two methods of non-incision technique were used in this study. One is single stitch method and the other is continuous buried suture method. The former was used in 176 patients(70.2% ) who are young with thin upper lid and the latter was used in 79 patients( 29.8% ) with redundant or puffy upper lid. Most of the patients were satisfied with smooth and symmetric appearance. We concluded that non-incision technique can be a good surgery method of correcting unilateral double eyelid. And we had good results using the continuous buried suture method in the case of puffy upper eyelid.
Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Eyelids* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Orbit ; Skin ; Surgery, Plastic ; Sutures

OBJECTIVETo discuss the operation method and characteristic of correcting upper eyelid depression by transposition of orbital septum fat.

METHODSDuring the double eyelid surgery, we set.the lateral orbital septum fat completely free, while the bottom is still connected with the middle orbital septum fat. We separate a tunnel from the middle to the inner side in orbital septum, and the separated orbital septum fat is transposed to the inner side of orbital septum by the tunnel with suturing fixation.

RESULTSFrom March 2008 to October 2013, 51 cases with upper eyelid depression were treated successfully. Patients were followed up for 3 months to 3 years (average, 7. 5 months) with sustained aesthetic results.

CONCLUSIONSOrbital septum fat transposition can successfully correct the upper eyelid depression. It should become a regular procedure in blepharoplasty.

Adipose Tissue ; transplantation ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Esthetics ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Orbit

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new method for repair of eyelid defects.

METHODSEyelid reconstruction was performed using a prefabricated island flap with an expanded forehead myocutaneous flap and hard palate mucoperiosteal graft.

RESULTSFive patients with congenital or acquired eyelid defects were successfully treated with this method.

CONCLUSIONThe introduced method is rational and practical for clinical applications.

Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Forehead ; Humans ; Palate, Hard ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVEOn the basis of the concept of adhesive deformity from upper eyelid fold formation, the clinical results after using various methods to correct the adhesive deformities are summarized.

METHODSA total of 33 cases of adhesive deformity from upper eyelid fold formation have been treated using various corrective methods including taking off the sutures, shifting of the septal fat or the pre-septal orbicularis muscle, transferring of pretarsal orbicularis muscle, grafting of autogenous fat tissue, and repairing or/and shortening of the palpebral levator. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 months to 2 years.

RESULTSThe effective results have been got with the used methods except shifting of the pre-septal orbicularis muscle or transferring of pretarsal orbicularis muscle.

CONCLUSIONSThe suitable methods to correct the adhesive deformity from upper eyelid fold formation must be chosen according to the causes and the local situations.

Adult ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of forward and reversal flow axial island flap in the orbital skin defects.

METHODSAccording to the distribution of superficial temporal artery as well as the anastomoses with the branches of supraorbital artery and supratrochlear artery, etc, the frontal, scalp, preauricular and postauricular island flaps were designed. The flaps were displaced through subcutaneous tunnel to cover all kinds of orbital skin defects.

RESULTS13 cases of forward flow flap and 9 of reversal flow flap out of 22 cases in all were observed. One postauricular reversal flow axial island flap showed the obstruction of venous refluence in early postoperative stage, however, after active treatment, mere the distal epidermal necrosis was revealed. There were six re-operations on the postoperative flap hypertrophy. The others were in good shape and functional state.

CONCLUSIONSThe superficial temporal artery is one of most vital blood supply in the upper face. It has wide anastomoses with the supraorbital artery and supratrochlear artery. As the colors and the nature of the frontal, preauricular and post auricular skin are close to orbital skin, the application of forward and reversal flow axial island flap based on the superficial temporal artery can be used in the reconstruction of all kinds of orbital skin defects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Temporal Arteries ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEAdhesive or too highly located folds upper eyelid and even blepharoptosis are common complications of double eyelid operation. To correct such deformities.

METHODWe shifted down the double eyelid line, removed adhesion thoroughly, relieved orbital fat and restarted the volume with infraorbicularis oculi fat flap.

RESULTWe had treated 32 case in past two years. The results were satisfying.

CONCLUSIONThe method are acted easy and gained fine result, so behaving to extend application.

Adipose Tissue ; transplantation ; Adult ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eye Abnormalities ; etiology ; surgery ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Tissue Adhesions ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To report a case series of Tessier 3, 4, 7 and combined 4,7 craniofacial clefts, their clinical presentations, surgical approaches and outcomes in light of the current literature.
METHODS:
Design: Case series
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
Subjects: Five patients
RESULTS: Five  patients aged 3 to 14-years-old with Tessier 3, 4 (2  cases), 7  and combined 4,7 were included in this study: Tessier 3 - medial orbitomaxillary cleft extending through the bony skeleton traversing obliquely across the lacrimal groove, Tessier 4 - median orbitomaxillary cleft traversing  vertically  through  the  inferior  eyelid,  infraorbital rim and  orbital  floor extending  to the lip between the philtral crest and the oral commissure  (2 cases), Tessier 7 - macrostomia and cleft oral commissure and combined Tessier 4 and 7, combining features described above. Four underwent 2- or 3-stage surgeries while one declined.
CONCLUSION: Five  craniofacial  clefts  were  presented.  Because  of  the  varying  patterns of craniofacial  deformities,  a  series of surgical  procedures,  tailor-made  for  each  individual  were performed  on  four. Otolaryngologists who perform maxillofacial and cosmetic surgery  should have good background knowledge about craniofacial defects and be familiar with the  surgical approaches at their disposal to yield favorable results that are appropriate to their local contexts.

Human ; Male ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child Preschool ; General Surgery ; Macrostomia ; Surgery, Plastic ; Lip ; Otolaryngologists ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Eyelids ; Orbit

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of epiblepharon surgery on visual acuity and with-the-rule astigmatism in children compared to patients without surgical treatment. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective case control study and reviewed the charts of 202 eyes treated with epiblepharon surgery and of 142 eyes without surgery. The surgical procedure for epiblepharon correction used rotating suture techniques. Data regarding age, best corrected visual acuity, and degree of astigmatism were recorded. Baseline and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative data were collected. The chi-square test, Student's t-test and general linear model analysis for repeated measures were applied. RESULTS: The mean astigmatism in the surgical group decreased from 1.10 +/- 1.02 diopter (D) preoperatively to 0.84 +/- 1.05 D at 3 months after surgery (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference compared to the non-surgical group during the first year. The general linear model analysis comparing the mean astigmatism between the two groups over time showed a significant group-time interaction (p < 0.05). Within the surgical group, the higher baseline astigmatic subgroup and the 5- to 8-year-old group demonstrated greater cylinder reduction over time. The change in mean visual acuity was not significant in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Significant astigmatic reduction was found after surgical correction in epiblepharon patients. Patients with higher baseline astigmatism exhibited greater astigmatic reduction after epiblepharon surgery. These results suggest that, in order to reduce astigmatism, an epiblepharon operation should be considered in patients with a high level of astigmatism.
Astigmatism/*etiology/*physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eye Abnormalities/*complications/*surgery ; Eyelashes/pathology ; Eyelids/*abnormalities/pathology/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; *Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVETo analyze the long-term results after the correction of the paralytic ectropion in leprosy.

METHODSSeventy-four patients with 115 paralytic ectropion eyes after leprosy were treated with the surgical procedures included medial canthoplasty, medial canthal tendon plication, lateral tarsal strip, medial canthal resection, lateral canthoplasty, and lid shortening. The results were evaluated with the follow-ups from 2 to 4 years.

RESULTSThe eye-redness was reduced from 93 to 40 while the epiphora from 107 eyes (24 mild, 36 moderate and 47 severe) to 90 (40 mild, 32 moderate and 18 severe). The mean lid gap in mild eye closure was reduced from 6.8 mm to 5.3 mm and the cornea lesion was reduced from 53 to 36. The results were excellent in 18 eyes (15.7%), good in 45 eyes (39.1%), fair in 41 eyes (35.7%) and poor in 11 eyes (9.6%). However, the mean visual acuity remained same pre- and postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSSurgical correction of ectropion is helpful for cornea protection and could improve the signs and symptoms of the eyes such as epiphora and red [abstract truncated].

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ectropion ; surgery ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Leprosy ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome