Thirty-nine patients with blepharospasm were treated with botulinum A toxin. Twenty-six patients had essential blepharospasm, and thirteen had a hemifacial spasm. A total of 113 injections were given, and the average follow-up was 14.6 months. The mean preinjection spasm intensity was 2.9+ and the mean postinjection spasm intensity was 0.7+. The mean interval between injections was 4.4 months. The treatment was effective, although transient, in all patients with essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. The toxin had a prolonged effect on the patients who had previously undergone muscle stripping procedure. The side effects were mild, transient, and local.
Adult ; Aged ; Blepharospasm/*drug therapy ; Botulinum Toxins/*therapeutic use ; Eyelid Diseases/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Time Factors

No abstract available.
Aged, 80 and over ; Antitubercular Agents/*therapeutic use ; Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Tuberculosis, Ocular/drug therapy/*physiopathology

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania species and is classified into three forms; cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral. The eyelid is a rare site involved by leishmaniasis and only makes up 2.5% of cases with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Although CL can affect both upper and lower lids on either their outer or inner aspects, the lateral canthus is most often affected. The most common aspect of lid leishmaniasis is chalazion-like lesions but ulcerous, phagedenic, cancer-like forms, and unilateral chronic granulomatous blepharitis may be observed. When the lid is involved, the disease is usually self-limiting; healing usually takes up to one year, hence early diagnosis and treatment are important. The diagnosis is based on a high index of suspicion regarding the endemicity of the disease in the region. Response to treatment in lid CL cases is quite satisfactory. In this article, we report nine cases of lid leishmaniasis with satisfactory responses to intralesional meglumine antimoniate.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Eyelid Diseases/*parasitology ; Eyelids/*parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Injections, Intralesional ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/*drug therapy ; Male ; Meglumine/*administration & dosage ; Organometallic Compounds/*administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

Albendazole ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antiparasitic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cellulitis ; parasitology ; Eyelid Diseases ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Ivermectin ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myiasis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

Primary lid tuberculosis after lid surgery is a very rare condition and is likely caused by the introduction of bacilli through epithelial injury. Secondary infection, due to direct hematogenous spread or contiguous spread from adjacent structures are more common presentations of lid tuberculosis. The authors experienced a case of primary lid tuberculosis occurring in a 19 year old female after blepharoplasty for making a eyelid crease. Her upper lid skin showed a reddish and non-tender mass lesion measured 3x1 cm, which was diagnosed as the tuberculosis through typical histopathological findings (caseous necrosis), acid-fast bacilli stain and PCR, and treated with anti-tuberculosis medications.
Adult ; Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Blepharoplasty/*adverse effects ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis, Ocular/drug therapy/*etiology

PURPOSE: We report the case of a patient with scar sarcoidosis that developed along a previous eyelid scar. There was no evidence of ocular or systemic sarcoidosis. METHODS: A 29-year-old man presented with a mass on his right eyelid that had been present for two month. On ocular examination an erythematous, firm, and non-tender mass was diffusely palpable along the upper and lower eyelid scar. We performed an incisional biopsy of the lower lid mass. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination of the mass revealed numerous, noncaseating granulomas with multi-nucleated giant cells. The giant cells contained asteroid bodies and calcium oxalate crystals characteristic of sarcoidosis, although the patient had no other evidence of systemic sarcoidosis. The mass in the upper lid disappeared after intralesional triamcinolone injections. CONCLUSIONS: This case represents a rare occurrence of sarcoidosis that arose in an old eyelid scar. Scar sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an unusual mass in a scar.
Triamcinolone/administration & dosage ; Sarcoidosis/drug therapy/etiology/*pathology ; Male ; Injections, Intralesional ; Humans ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Eyelids/injuries ; Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy/etiology/*pathology ; Eye Injuries/complications ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cicatrix/complications/*pathology ; Biopsy ; Adult

PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the effect of low dose doxycycline (20 mg) therapy in patients with chronic meibomian gland dysfunction that were refractory to conventional therapy. METHODS: The randomized prospective study enrolled 150 patients (300 eyes) who have chronic meibomian gland dysfunction and who didn't respond to lid hygiene and topical therapy for more than 2 months. All topical therapy was stopped for at least 2 weeks prior to beginning the study. After conducting the tear break up time test (TBUT) and Schirmer test, the authors randomly divided the patients into three groups a high dose group (doxycycline, 200 mg, twice a day), a low dose group (doxycycline, 20 mg, twice a day) and a control group (placebo). After one month, the author repeated the TBUT and Schirmer tests, and analyzed the degree of symptomatic improvement. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, both the high and low dose group showed statistically significant differences after treatment in TBUT, Schirmer test, the number of symptoms reported and the degree of improvement of subjective symptoms. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the high and low dose group after treatment in TBUT (9.42+/-2.87 sec, 9.54+/-1.58 sec, p=0.726), Schirmer test (19.98+/-4.05 mm, 19.65+/-5.02 mm, p=0.624), the number of symptoms reported (1.45+/-0.62, 1.53+/-0.52, p=0.304), as well as the degree of improvement of subjective symptoms (p=0.288). The high dose group (18 patients, 39.13%) reported side effects more frequently than did the low dose group (8 patients, 17.39%) (P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Low dose doxycycline (20 mg twice a day) therapy was effective in patients with chronic meibomian gland dysfunction that were refractory to conventional therapy.
Treatment Outcome ; Tears/drug effects/secretion ; Prospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Meibomian Glands/*drug effects ; Male ; Humans ; Follow-Up Studies ; Female ; Eyelid Diseases/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Doxycycline/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Chronic Disease ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Administration, Oral