Foreign bodies (FBs) in the eye are usually classified as intraocular (IOFB) or extraocular (EOFB). In IOFB the FB is within the eye ball and in EOFB it is outside. This classification seems oversimplified. Hence a new classification is proposed on the basis of FB locations, in which adnexal FBs (in orbit, lids, con- junctiva and lacrimal apparatus) are also included. These are further classified according to their exact location. FBs can also be classified in many other ways. Besides IOFB and EOFB, another condition IMFB (intramural foreign body) is also described. The FBs are situated within cornea or sclera and are neither IOFB nor EOFB. Ocular trauma also includes trauma to ocular adnexa and hence the terms IOFB and EOFB have been replaced by IGFB (intraglobal foreign body) and EGFB (extraglobal foreign body).
Eye Foreign Bodies ; classification ; Humans

PURPOSE: Lawn trimmers are widely used to cut the weeds around graves in South Korea, but they can cause ocular injury. We investigate at the emergency room the incidence and the clinical features of ocular trauma induced by lawn trimmers. METHODS: The authors analyzed 106 patients who visited Konyang University Hospital's emergency room from March 1, 2007, to October 31, 2011, because of ocular trauma caused by a lawn trimmer. Patients were sorted into two groups, severe ocular injury and mild ocular injury. RESULTS: Over a 5-year period, 106 patients with ocular trauma caused by a lawn trimmer underwent clinical study. Most of the patient (103 patients) were males, and the average age of the patients was 51.75+/-11.66 years. The incidence of ocular trauma peaked in the sixth decade of life. Most injuries occurred between July and September. Severe ocular injury developed in 46.2% of all patients. As age increased, so did the severity of the ocular injury. The impacting object was a small stone in 43.4% of all patients. Nobody wore protective gear. The most common diagnosis were corneal abrasion, followed by intraocular foreign body, corneal laceration, and sclera laceration. Fifty-four patients were followed up, and thirty-six patients of them had severe injury. The most common complication was a traumatic cataract. CONCLUSION: Ocular trauma induced by a lawn trimmer is more severe than general ocular trauma. We suggest that everyone using a lawn trimmer should wear protective gear and follow safety guidelines.
Cataract ; Emergencies ; Eye Foreign Bodies ; Eye Injuries ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations ; Male ; Republic of Korea ; Sclera

OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of frozen orbit caused by an unsuspected intraorbital foreign body. METHOD: This is a case report. RESULTS: A 31-year old Chinese man presented with a 6-month history of painless progressive right caruncular growth with mucoid discharge. He also had bilateral progressive reduction in ocular movements. His best-corrected vision was 6/9 bilaterally. A conjunctival granuloma arising from the right caruncle and extending to the cornea and associate with ophthalmoplegia was also present. Orbital computed tomography showed a dense rod-like structure traversing the nasal area, extending from the superomedial wall of the right orbit to the apex of the left orbit with surrounding inflammatory reaction but sparing the optic nerve. The intraorbital foreign body, a 6 cm chopstick splinter, was successfully removed via right lateral rhinotomy. CONCLUSION: Intraorbital foreign bodies are not uncommonly seen and, generally, the diagnosis is straightforward. Nevertheless, diagnosis, could be missed if it is not suspected.
Human ; Male ; Adult ; WOUNDS AND INJURIES ; EYE FOREIGN BODIES ; EYE DISEASES ;

PURPOSE: To investigate clinical characteristics of post-traumatic intraocular foreign body (IOFB), which occurred between 2006 and 2010, and prognostic factors associated with final visual outcome. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with IOFB who visited our clinic from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010, and who were followed up for more than 6 months. Cross tabulation and correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the predictive factors related to final visual acuity. RESULTS: A total of 36 eyes (35 patients) were included in this study. The mean age was 44.2 years, and 33 patients (94.3%) were male. The most common cause of IOFB was lawnmower-related activity (12 patients; 33.3%) and hammering-related activity (11 patients; 30.1%). Among analyzed prognostic factors, only initial visual acuity was significantly correlated with visual outcomes (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with previous studies, lawnmower and hammering-related activities were still the most common causes of IOFB, however, the incidence of occurrence in the 40's and 50's was relatively higher than in previous studies. Considering the poor visual outcome of IOFB even after proper surgical treatment, using proper eye protection should be emphasized in a dangerous work environment to prevent ocular trauma.
Eye ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

An orbital foreign body combined with blowout fracture after blunt trauma to the orbit may be difficult to diagnose clinically and radiologically. The author reports a case of 40-year-old woman who had an unsuspected orbital foreign body after blunt orbital trauma, and initially presumed to have only blowout fracture and conjunctival laceration. Consultation with an ophthalmologist failed to disclose the orbital foreign body and an isolated inferomedial blowout fracture was seen on computed tomography scans with severe diplopia and limitation of eye movement. She was referred to my department for management of the orbital blowout fracture, where a false eyelash was found during the endonasal endoscopic reduction and subsequently successfully removed that resulted in complete resolution of her symptoms. Though it is a rare complication, an orbital foreign body should be suspected considering the mechanism of injury when there are severe and persistent ocular symptoms inconsistent with the degree of the blowout fracture.
Adult ; Diplopia ; Eye Movements ; Female ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Orbit*

Adult ; Endoscopy ; Eye Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit

BACKGROUND: Conservative techniques designed to block or delay the aging process have been utilized in various ways for many years. However, their effects can be relatively minimal and short-term in most cases compared to surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gold thread implantation for the treatment of periorbital wrinkles. METHODS: A total of 78 consecutive patients who showed mild to severe periorbital wrinkles were deemed appropriate candidates, including 69 women and 9 men ranging from 31 to 59 years (mean, 47 years). Six gold threads about 4 cm in length were inserted subdermally in each patient at intervals of about 0.5 cm. Follow-up assessments were performed 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the procedure. The efficacy was rated by the physician using the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and patients who made global assessments of changes in periorbital wrinkles using the Visual Analog Scale. Adverse events were monitored throughout the course of the study. RESULTS: The patients showed significant improvements after the procedure. There were minor complications such as foreign body sensation in the eye (2.63%) and eye pain (1.32%) that improved spontaneously without any specific treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Subdermal implantation of gold thread improves the appearance of periorbital wrinkles and does not appear to have serious side effects. Insertion of gold thread may be an effective and safe method for facial rejuvenation.
Aging ; Eye ; Eye Pain ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Male ; Rejuvenation ; Sensation

No abstract available.
Eye Foreign Bodies/*etiology ; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/*etiology ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*injuries ; Male ; *Metals

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the efficacy and sensation of instillation between 0.05% cyclosporine nanoemulsion group and microemulsion group. METHODS: This is a double-blind, prospective randomized clinical trial. Patients had 2 weeks of wash-out period before the study. They were randomly assigned to either nanoemulsion group or microemulsion group and treated with each group's cyclosporine eye drop. Artificial eye drop and topical steroid were used together according to severity of dryness of cornea. We checked every patient's Break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test, Staining Score and Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) on baseline, 1 month and 3 months after. Patients also self-checked frequency of use of artificial eye drop and topical steroid. Sensation of instillation was also checked. RESULTS: Both nanoemulsion eye-drop and microemulsion eye-drop improved BUT, Schirmer test, Staining Score and OSDI throughout 12 weeks. The nanoemulsion type reduced OSDI significantly compared to the microemulsion type. The mean frequency of use of artificial tear and topical steroid was similar in both groups. Foreign body sense score was higher in microemulsion group. CONCLUSIONS: 0.05% cyclosporine nanoemulsion type has simillar efficacy and subjectively less foreign body sensation.
Cornea ; Cyclosporine ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Eye, Artificial ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Sensation ; Tears

In this study, in- and out-patients, who were treated at Korea University Woo-Sok Hospital (downtown hospital) and a private eye clinic (industrial zone clinic) during the period from January 1, 1969 to December 31, 1973, were statistically analyzed. Regional characteristics in incidence between all and industrial eye injuries were compared with each other. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Among a total of 77,021 patients, eye injures accounted for 18, 100 cases of which 10,699 were due to industrial injury. i) In downtown, eye injuries were 3.2% of all patients and industrial eye injuries 0.2%. ii) In industrial zone, incidence of eye injuries formed 28.3% and industrial injuries 17.1%. iii) Incidence of eye injuries in industrial zone were nine times as high as in that of downtown; industrial eye injuries were 86 times. iv) Industrial eye injuries accounted for 6.5% of eye injuries in downtown and 60.5% in industrial zone; incidence in industrial zone were 9 times as high as in downtown. v) Industrial eye injuries in 1973 increased to twice as high as in 1969. 2. Male accounted for 97.4%; the third decade 49.9%. 3. Monocular injuries accounted for 92.4% of eye injuries. No marked difference in incidence was noted between both eyes. 4. No significant difference in incidence was noted between different seasons or months. 5. The cases received first care between 24 and 48 hours following injury accounted for 43.3%. 6. The first injury accounted for 95.3% of all injuries and repeated injuries 4.7%. 7. Corneal foreign bodies accounted for 59.64% and cornea was the most common site to the injury responsible for 78.76%. Retained foreign bodies formed 66.42% of all eye iujuries. The most common objects to the injury were iron pieces which were responsible for 66.42%. 8. Visual acuity was improved in most cases by prompt and adequate treatment, but corrected vision after treatment was less than 20/200 in 15.4%, which was due mainly to the perforating or thermal injury.
Cornea ; Eye Injuries* ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iron ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Seasons ; Statistics as Topic* ; Visual Acuity