BACKGROUND: Fixed drug eruptions(FDE) are a cutaneous reaction characterized by one or more circumscribed lesions that recur at the same site in response to a given medication. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to find the clinical and histopathological characteristics of FDE and to compare early FDE with late FDE histopathologically. METHOD: We clinically investigated 54 cases of FDE that visited the department of dermatology at the Kyunghee medical center from January 1993 to December 1996. Among them, 31 patients had skin biopsies and were evaluated histopathologically on the basis of duration. RESULTS: The results were summarized as follows: 1. Development of FDE did not show any difference according to sex and was evenly distributed over all the ages. 2. The latent periods of FDE were diverse in appearance from 30 minutes to 10 days, but mostly, the skin lesions erupted within 4S hours. 3. The most common skin lesions were erythematous macules. 4. Distribution of the lesions came out as solitary: 20.4%, multiple: 79.6%. S3.7% of the multiple lesions were localized to a part of body, and 16.3% were distributed over the whole body. 5. The areas in which the eruptions developed were (in descending order): upper extremity(37.0%), hand(31.5%), trunk(24.1%), face(24.1%). 6. In most cases(68.6%), the size and the number of lesions were greater in recurrente, rather than in first attacks. 7. The histopathological findings commonly showed perivascular mononuclear cell(MNC) infiltration (100%), pigmentary incontinence(77.4%), basal hydrophic degeneration(71.0%), eosinophil infiltration in dermis(61.3%), etc. 8. The epidermal histopathological findings such as spongiosis, exocytosis of MNC, basal hydrophic degeneration, keratinocyte necrosis and subepidermal vesicles could be seen more frequently in early lesions than in late ones. CONCLUSION: In our study, we were able to obtain meaningful results based on data from the combination of clinical and histopathological investigations. This study may give help to understand the characteristics of fixed drug eruptions and to plan future studies.
Biopsy ; Dermatology ; Drug Eruptions* ; Eosinophils ; Exocytosis ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Necrosis ; Skin

The eukaryotic cell is compartmentalized by a series of vesicular organelles which constitute the endocytic and exocytic transport pathways. Each vesicular compartment has distinct sets of membrane proteins, structures and functions. Despite continuous vesicular transport, each vesicular compartment maintains its structure and function by use of retention and retrieval signal for its own resident proteins. Proteins in transit along the endocytic and exocytic pathway are transported without admixing with cytoplasmic constituents by successive steps of budding from the donor vesicles, formation of intermediate transport vesicles, transport, targeting to and fusion with acceptor vesicles. Specificity and fidelity of the vesicular transport are conferred by vesicular membrane proteins and small molecular weight GTP-binding proteins of the Rab subfamily. Proteins for export are packaged into specific vesicles for their final destinations. Insertion into and retrieval from the plasma membrane of transport proteins in response to cellular stimulus are a new paradigm of cellular regulatory mechanism. Secretion of neurotransmitters, hormones and enzymes by exocytosis involves a complex set of cytosolic proteins, G-proteins, proteins on the secretory granule membrane and plasma membrane. Much progress has been recently made in identifying proteins and factors involved in the exocytosis. But the molecular interactions among identified proteins and regulatory factors are unknown and remain to be elucidated. Finally our chemiosmotic hypothesis which involves the H+ electrochemical gradient across the secretory granule membrane generated by an ATP-dependent electrogenic H(+)-ATPase as the potential driving force for fusion and release of granule contents will be discussed.
Biological Transport ; *Exocytosis ; Human ; Organelles/*metabolism ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Prurigo pigmentosa is a chronic pruritic inflammatory dermaoss characterized by erythematous papules in a reticulated pattern that resolve leaving a reticulated, mottled hyperpigmentation. Most cases have been reported from Japan. Two cases of prurigo pigmentosa have been reported in Korean women. We experienced a casc of prurigo pigmentosa in a Korean man of 20 years of age. Histopathological findings of reddish papule showed exocytosis, sponsiosis, intraepidermal vesicles, hydropic degeneration of basal cells in the epidermis, and hyphohistiocytic infiltration in the upper dermis. Direct irnmunofluorescence was negetive. Therapy with dapsone, 50 mg given daily, resulted in a rerinable regression of the reddish papules. The daily dose of clapsone was reduced to 25mg; however, no new reddish, pruritic papules have appeared.
Dapsone ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Japan ; Prurigo*

No abstract available.
Exocytosis/physiology* ; Pancreas/secretion ; Pancreas/physiology* ; Pancreas/cytology*

No abstract available.
Animal ; Calcium Signaling/physiology* ; Exocytosis/physiology ; Pancreas/physiology* ; Pancreas/cytology

Prurigo pigmentosa is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by reticulated erythematous papules, hyperpigmentation with severe pruritus and usually occurs in young femals around their twenties. Most cases have been reported from Japan, but only twelve cases have been reported in Korea. Histopathologic findings of erythematous papules shows spongiosis, exocytosis, liquefaction degeneration of the basal cell, perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltration in the dermis and finally dermal fibrosis and deposit of dermal melanophages in hyperpigmented lesions. We report three cases of prurigo pigmentosa which showed various histopathologic features of early, fully-developed and late stage, respectively.
Dermis ; Exocytosis ; Fibrosis ; Hyperpigmentation ; Japan ; Korea ; Prurigo* ; Pruritus ; Skin Diseases

Exocytosis in various secretory cells is regulated by Ca2+ signaling. In this minireview, I will introduce our recent approach, which we have termed comparative biology of exocytosis, to the study of Ca2+-dependent secretion in such cells. In this approach, we quantify and compare the secretory process in different cell types (neurons, endocrine cells, and exocrine cells, with the same techniques. This approach benefits from the fact that the biochemistry and ultrastructure of these cells are relatively well characterized and it is expected to be particularly revealing because of the marked differences in the properties of exocytosis thought to exist among different secretory cells. The first part of this article deals with the mechanism by which Ca2+ signaling regulates exocytosis in exocrine cells, and the second part deals more generally with the diversity in the kinetics of the exocytotic machinery among different types of cells and secretory vesicles.
Biochemistry ; Biology ; Endocrine Cells ; Exocytosis* ; Kinetics ; Secretory Pathway ; Secretory Vesicles

BACKGROUND: The histopathological findings of acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reaction are similar to that of erythema multiforme. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the histopathological findings of acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions with that of erythema multiforme. METHODS: Histopathological setions of 9 patients with grade 2 acute cutaneous graft-versus- host. reactions and of 13 patient,, with erythema multiforme were reviewed. RESULTS: Parakeratosis, the degree of the exocytosis and the endothelial cell swelling were not useful in the differential diagnosis between acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions and ery- thema multiforme. Rete ridge effacement and relative hyperkeratosis were characteristic in many cases of acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions but absent in erythema multiforme. Spongiosis, vacuolar degeneration of the basal cells, perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and erythrocyte extravasation were usually more prominent in erythema multiforme than in acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions. The number of dyskeratotic cells per epidermal linear mm was usually higher in erythema multiforme but not in acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions. An eosinophilic infiltrate was observed occasionally in erythema multiforme but not in acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions. CONCLUSION: The histopathological findings show the same pattern of interface dermatitis and are different only in degree beween acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions and eryt,hema multiforrne. Rete ridge effacement and relative hyperkeratosis speaks for a diagnosis of acute cutaneous graft-versus-host reactions, and an eosinophilic infiltrate for a diagnosis of erythema multiforme.
Dermatitis ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Erythema Multiforme* ; Erythema* ; Erythrocytes ; Exocytosis ; Humans ; Parakeratosis ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVE: This study has been carried out to evaluation the effect of fertilization promoting peptide (FPP) on the kinematic parameters, capacitation and acrosome reaction of the frozen-thawed human spermatozoa. METHODS: After FPP treatment, we examined kinematic parameters, capacitation and acrosome reaction, using the methods of computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) and chlortetracycline (CTC) fluorescence analysis. RESULTS: We have obtained the evidence that FPP can promote the capacitation and inhibit the spontaneous acrosome reaction of frozen-thawed human spermatozoa in vitro. Fpp (25~100 nM) induced a significant increase in the proportion of B-pattern capacitated spermatozoa, and a significant decrease in the proportion of F-pattern uncapacitated ones without significant stimulation of acrosomal exocytosis. In the kinematic parameters treatment, FPP treated groups maintained higher LIN, BCF and STR than those of control. The VAP, VSL, VCL and ALH were not different. Therefore it is suggested that FPP in human seminal plasma may play a positive role in promoting human sperm function.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Chlortetracycline ; Exocytosis ; Fertilization* ; Fluorescence ; Humans* ; Male ; Semen ; Spermatozoa*

Fundamental pathologic cianges of secondary syphilid are said to be swelling and proliferation of endothelials and a predominantly parivascular infiltrates composed chiefly of lymphoid cells and plasma cells. But recentIy this theory has heen challenged. We present bistologic observation made on 10 patients who agreed to go through a biopsy, during 2 years period. from 1975 to l977. Male to female ratio was 9: 1 The age of patient ranged from 20 to 33, with a mean of 26. 8. The duration of lesion before the visit to the department ranged frorn 6 weeks to 20 weeks, with a mean of 11.9. The lesions in 2 were classified as macule, 3 as papule (1 as moist papule), and 5 as papulo-squamous lesions. The VDRL titer was higher in papular type. Dark fieId examination was performed on all patient and 6 showed positive result. The edidermal changes consist of hyperkeratosis (in 6 cases), parakeratosis (in 5), acanthosis (in 6), elongation of rete ridges (in 8) and exocytosis (in 3). The dermis showed mild to severe perivascular infiltration consist chiefly of lymphoid cells and histiocytic cells (in 10), plama cells (in 7), eosinophils (in 4), neutrophils (in 2), chromatophores (in 4), extra vasation of RBC (in 5), and dilated bload vessels endothelial swellings (in 8). Of particular interest was the finding that plasma cell infiltration is more pronounced at the lower portion of dermal infiltrate and in 3 cases plasma cell infiltration was totally absent. Vascular changes were seen in 8 cases.
Biopsy ; Chromatophores ; Dermis ; Eosinophils ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Neutrophils ; Parakeratosis ; Plasma Cells ; Syphilis, Cutaneous*