BACKGROUND/AIMS: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) encoded by TNFA is a key mediator in inflammation, a precursor condition for peptic ulceration. Promoter polymorphisms of TNFA that influence its transcriptional activity and TNF-alpha production are known. TNFA-308G>A (rs1800629) and TNFA-1031T>C (rs1799964), which are responsible for increased TNFA transcription, could influence the risk of peptic ulceration. This study aimed to investigate these polymorphisms and to evaluate their association with peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori infection in the Polish population. METHODS: Gastric mucosa specimens obtained from 177 Polish peptic ulcer patients were used to conduct rapid urease tests and to assess the investigated polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Genotyping data were compared with the results obtained from healthy individuals of Polish origin. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequency of the investigated polymorphisms between peptic ulcer patients and healthy individuals. No associations between the frequencies of particular genotypes and alleles for both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the presence of H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer patients and in subgroups of men and women with peptic ulcer disease were found. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated SNPs are not risk factors for either peptic ulcer or H. pylori infection development in the Polish population. The results require verification in a larger cohort.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/*metabolism/microbiology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Helicobacter Infections/complications/*genetics ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer/complications/*genetics ; Poland ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*genetics ; Young Adult