Adult ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Schizophrenia ; physiopathology

Using electroencephalogram (EEG) signal to control external devices has always been the research focus in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI). This is especially significant for those disabilities who have lost capacity of movements. In this paper, the P300-based BCI and the microcontroller-based wireless radio frequency (RF) technology are utilized to design a smart home control system, which can be used to control household appliances, lighting system, and security devices directly. Experiment results showed that the system was simple, reliable and easy to be populirised.
Brain ; physiology ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Humans

This is a review of the progress in the study on auditory event-related potentials (ERP) of novel events. Several cognitive problems about the novelty ERP response on brain and the experiment methods are introduced. The mismatch negative potential (MMN) reflects the detection of deviant events, and MMN is related with the novelty P3. Familiarity and attention influence the novelty ERP response. Experiments results showed that the amplitude of ERPs in the frontal area was reduced with the enhancement of familiarity, while that in the parietal area had little change. Attention was helpful in increasing the amplitude of ERPs, and could make the corresponding brain area active. The functional significance of the response of ERP was discussed also.
Auditory Perception ; physiology ; Brain ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Environment ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; physiology ; Humans

The present paper focused on the extraction of event-related potentials on a single sweep under extremely low S/N ratio. Two methods that can efficiently remove spontaneous EEG, ocular artifacts and power line interference were presented based on ARX modeling and independent component analysis (ICA). The former method applied ARX model to the measured compound signal that extensively contained the three kinds of ordinary noises mentioned above, and used ARX algorithm for parametric identification. The latter decomposed the signal by means of independent component analysis. Besides, some of ICA's important decomposing characters and its intrinsic causality were pointed out definitely. According to the practical situation, some modification on FastICA algorithm was also given, so as to implement auto-adaptive mapping of decomposed results to ERP component. Through simulation, both the two ways are proved to be highly capable of signal extraction and S/N ratio improving.
Electroencephalography ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; physiology ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

OBJECTIVETo compare the spatiotemporal pattern of event-related potentials (ERPs) of relational memory retention between color-location binding and semantics-location binding.

METHODSThe ERPs of 19 channels were recorded from 14 healthy subjects while performing the two binding delayed-match-to-sample tasks. A paired-sample t test was used for analysis of both the behavioral performance and ERPs, and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) of the t values was applied to ERPs.

RESULTSBehavioral performances (reaction time and accuracy) in color-location binding were significant better than those of semantics-location binding. The SPM(t) of the ERPs showed significant effects in the middle frontal region and most areas of the parietal lobe (about 200 ms), the bilateral prefrontal and frontal regions (260 approximately 320 ms), and the left occipital region (500 approximately 580 ms).

CONCLUSIONRetention of semantics-location relation involves more brain regions than that of color-location relation, and the largest effect occurs in the frontal region.

Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Frontal Lobe ; physiology ; Humans ; Memory ; physiology ; Retention (Psychology) ; physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis

Research on the effect of sleep deprivation (SD) is an approach to shedding light on the working mechanism of sleep for cognitive brain function. To explore how SD affects cognitive function, a number of measures involving psychology, brain imaging and electrophysiology, have been adopted in this area. Research groups from domestic and verseas have focused on many aspects of cognitive science and have acquired initial results, but uniform conclusion has not been made because of mixed factors. Starting from the mechanism of SD, this paper summarizes the progress in the search of effect of SD, including the neurophysiologic change by brain imaging and the use of EEG for evaluating the decline of cognitive function, and then analyzes the main influential factors and orientation of future research in this area.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Cognition ; physiology ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Electroencephalography ; methods ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Humans ; Sleep Deprivation ; complications ; physiopathology

Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Humans ; Individuality ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term ; physiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; standards ; Young Adult

In the traditional P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) system, the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals can only provide limited information with a low signal-to-noise ratio. A BCI paradigm under visual stimulus was proposed in our study aiming to effectively activate the related brain areas and response signal while dealing with specific cognitive task (mental arithmetic task), so as to enhance the EEG signals. The result was compared with the traditional P300 counting task paradigm. Then the collected EEG data were preprocessed including extracting signal features with coherent averaging method, and analyzing the influences of different experimental paradigms on main components of event related potential (ERP). In the improved paradigm experiments the average increasing rate of P300 amplitude was 6. 83MV (73. 94%). The brain activity from 400ms was more active and lasted longer. Besides, unlike traditional counting task, mental arithmetic task appeared to have apparent activation at 650ms. The results showed that the improved paradigm could activate the related brain areas better and enhance the characteristics of signal. This provides a new system paradigm for BCI.
Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Humans ; Mathematical Concepts ; Mental Processes ; physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis

The event-related potential (ERP) P300 was recorded to analyze the temporal sequences character and the P300 compositions in premeditated and temporary deception. When 15 healthy undergraduates watched the stolen, familiar but not stolen and strange object pictures, the reaction time was recorded and EEG data were collected to analyze the amplitudes of N1, N2 and P3 sub-component of P300 in honesty and deception group respectively through analog theft paradigm. The results showed that the amplitudes of N1, N2 and P3 in premeditated deception group were markedly larger than those in temporary deception, and the reaction time of deception group was longer than that of honesty group. Compared with temporary deception, more attention resources were invested and intensely response conflict was induced by premeditated deception.
Deception ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lie Detection ; Male ; Reaction Time ; physiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEQuantitative EEG and event-related potential P300 were used to evaluate impairment of cerebral function in patient with partial epilepsy.

METHODSW value was calculated (power of EEG δ and θ rhythm divided by power of α and β rhythm ) for the extent of focal cortical dysfunction. The W values in left partial epilepsy group, right partial epilepsy group and control group during interictal period compared. The latency, amplitude and reaction time of P300 potential change were observed in each groups.

RESULTSThe W values in F(8), T(4) and T(6) regions in patients with left partial epilepsy (P <0.05). The W values in T(3). O(1) regions of patients with left partial epilepsy were higher than those in patients with right partial epilepsy (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the W value in T(6) regions of patients with a disease course longer than 5y was significantly higher than that of patients with a disease course 1-5 y or less than 1y; the W value in O(2) regions of patients with a disease course longer than 5y was significantly higher than that of patients with a disease course between 1-5y (P < 0.05). In patients with right or left partial epilepsy, the total abnormal rate of P300 was 54. 76%, the latency, amplitude and reaction team were significantly different to the control group. The abnormal rate of P300 in left and right partial epilepsy groups were 77. 78% and 37.50%, respectively, and the former is significantly higher than the latter. The amplitudes of P300 in C(z) and P(z) of left partial epilepsy were significantly lower than those of right partial epilepsy and control group (P < 0.05). The latency and reaction time of P300 in C(z) and P(z) of all partial epilepsy were significantly longer than those of control group (P < 0.05), however, no difference was found between left and right partial epilepsy.

CONCLUSIONIn partial epilepsy the cortical dysfunction occurs ipsilaterally to the epileptogenic zone, and extent of cortical dysfunction is positively correlated with duration of disease course. Cerebral dysfunction in left partial epilepsy is more severe than that in right partial epilepsy.

Adult ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial ; physiopathology ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult