Purpose: The research aimed to investigate the factors affecting cancer preventive behavior among patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods: Data were collected from 126 patients who underwent ESD for EGC and who were recruited from a single university affiliated hospital, Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average score of cancer preventive behavior was 66.87±10.36 out of 90. Correlations between attitude toward cancer and preventive behavior regarding cancer were positive (r=.26, p=.004). Also, the regression analyses revealed that factors affecting cancer preventive behavior included perception of cancer screening, attitude toward cancer, and age. A history of drinking alcohol on the other hand was negatively related to cancer preventive behavior. The regression analyses explained 31% of variance (F=6.50, p=.037). Conclusion These results suggest that nurses should develop a program for risk groups (people who drink alcohol regularly, are under the age of 65 and who have poor self-health care after ESD). And such a program should include interventions to improve attitudes toward cancer and perception of cancer screening, and encourage physical activity.

A 43-year-old female was admitted for a laparoscopic surgical procedure. Her past history included two uneventful general anesthesias, but anaphylactic shock due to an unknown drug occurred during her third surgery. Induction was performed with thiopental sodium, but an immediate anaphylactic reaction developed with cardiovascular collapse. We resuscitated the patient and she recovered without any complication.
Adult ; Anaphylaxis* ; Anesthesia, General ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Thiopental*

Central serous chorioretinopathy may induce poor eyesight and serous retinal detachment. However, its exact cause has not been well established thus far. It can be associated with systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment mainly for young and middle-aged men and may spontaneously regress or recur after withdrawal from corticosteroid. After corticosteroid administration for Behcet's disease, it is necessary to identify any ocular symptoms. Behcet's disease can lead to the development of ocular complications, such as uveitis, hypopyon, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, angiogenesis, secondary cataract, and glaucoma. It is possible to diagnose any of these complications via optical coherence tomography and digital indocyanine green angiography. It is easy to neglect an ocular symptom that may appear after a low-dose corticosteroid treatment as an ocular complication in patients with Behcet's disease. Thus, we report on a case concerning high-dose corticosteroid treatment with a literature review.
Angiography ; Behcet Syndrome ; Capsule Opacification ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Male ; Optic Neuritis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Uveitis

Background and Objectives: Natural and synthetic speech signals effectively stimulate cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP). This study aimed to select the speech materials for CAEP and identify CAEP waveforms according to gender of speaker (GS) and gender of listener (GL). Subjects and Methods: Two experiments including a comparison of natural and synthetic stimuli and CAEP measurement were performed of 21 young announcers and 40 young adults. Plosive /g/ and /b/ and aspirated plosive /k/ and /p/ were combined to /a/. Six bisyllables–/ga/-/ka/, /ga/-/ba/, /ga/-/pa/, /ka/-/ba/, /ka/-/pa/, and /ba/-/pa/–were formulated as tentative forwarding and backwarding orders. In the natural and synthetic stimulation mode (SM) according to GS, /ka/ and /pa/ were selected through the first experiment used for CAEP measurement. Results: The correction rate differences were largest (74%) at /ka/-/ pa/ and /pa/-/ka/; thus, they were selected as stimulation materals for CAEP measurement. The SM showed shorter latency with P2 and N1-P2 with natural stimulation and N2 with synthetic stimulation. The P2 amplitude was larger with natural stimulation. The SD showed significantly larger amplitude for P2 and N1-P2 with /pa/. The GS showed shorter latency for P2, N2, and N1-P2 and larger amplitude for N2 with female speakers. The GL showed shorter latency for N2 and N1-P2 and larger amplitude for N2 with female listeners. Conclusions Although several variables showed significance for N2, P2, and N1-P2, P1 and N1 did not show any significance for any variables. N2 and P2 of CAEP seemed affected by endogenous factors.

With a high sound quality stimulated by the electrical device and a large inclusion in medical insurance, the number of cochlear implant recipients has been rapidly increased in Korea. Today, it is not surprising that early implanted young children with congenital deafness show a similar performance to their normal hearing peers in speech perception. However, the cochlear implant users still have a trouble to enjoy music. This review study aims to introduce briefly about acoustic components that required to perceive the music and understand a relationship between cochlear implantation and temporal fine structure. For the pediatric implant users who have less experience on acoustical sound features but are much familiar with the electrically stimulated sound, perceiving the music seems to be challengeable due to the lack of temporal fine resolution related to pitch and timbre among various components of music. Four representative test batteries for evaluating the recipients' ability of the music perception were mentioned and effective auditory music trainings were discussed with analysis of related investigations. Unlike hearing aids users who usually depend on fitting algorism for better music quality, the cochlear implant users need systematic training to improve their music perception ability. In conclusion, advancement of speech processing technology which can provide accurate information about the temporal fine structure of incoming music to the recipients needs to be developed. Also, a practical application of music training should be recommended as a part of auditory training for the cochlear implant users.

Central serous chorioretinopathy may induce poor eyesight and serous retinal detachment. However, its exact cause has not been well established thus far. It can be associated with systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment mainly for young and middle-aged men and may spontaneously regress or recur after withdrawal from corticosteroid. After corticosteroid administration for Behcet's disease, it is necessary to identify any ocular symptoms. Behcet's disease can lead to the development of ocular complications, such as uveitis, hypopyon, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, angiogenesis, secondary cataract, and glaucoma. It is possible to diagnose any of these complications via optical coherence tomography and digital indocyanine green angiography. It is easy to neglect an ocular symptom that may appear after a low-dose corticosteroid treatment as an ocular complication in patients with Behcet's disease. Thus, we report on a case concerning high-dose corticosteroid treatment with a literature review.
Angiography ; Behcet Syndrome ; Capsule Opacification ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Male ; Optic Neuritis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Uveitis

With a high sound quality stimulated by the electrical device and a large inclusion in medical insurance, the number of cochlear implant recipients has been rapidly increased in Korea. Today, it is not surprising that early implanted young children with congenital deafness show a similar performance to their normal hearing peers in speech perception. However, the cochlear implant users still have a trouble to enjoy music. This review study aims to introduce briefly about acoustic components that required to perceive the music and understand a relationship between cochlear implantation and temporal fine structure. For the pediatric implant users who have less experience on acoustical sound features but are much familiar with the electrically stimulated sound, perceiving the music seems to be challengeable due to the lack of temporal fine resolution related to pitch and timbre among various components of music. Four representative test batteries for evaluating the recipients' ability of the music perception were mentioned and effective auditory music trainings were discussed with analysis of related investigations. Unlike hearing aids users who usually depend on fitting algorism for better music quality, the cochlear implant users need systematic training to improve their music perception ability. In conclusion, advancement of speech processing technology which can provide accurate information about the temporal fine structure of incoming music to the recipients needs to be developed. Also, a practical application of music training should be recommended as a part of auditory training for the cochlear implant users.
Acoustics ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; Hearing ; Hearing Aids ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Music ; Perception ; Pitch Perception ; Speech Perception

Thyroid storm is a critical complication of molar pregnancy. However, early diagnosis of it is difficult because it is a rare complication and usually presents nonspecific findings. In this case report, we present a woman with molar pregnancy who had persistent tachycardia and hypertension. She was diagnosed initially with preeclampsia and sepsis as complications of molar pregnancy. During dilation and curettage under general anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil, tachycardia and hypertension remained even with continuous infusion of labetalol. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with thyroid storm associated with molar pregnancy. She was restored to a clinically euthyroid state 1 day after the operation, and her thyroid function test and beta-hCG values were normal 3 months later. The anesthesiologists should bear in mind the possibility of thyroid storm in patients with molar pregnancies who show persistent tachycardia and hypertension.
Anesthesia, General ; Curettage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole* ; Hypertension* ; Labetalol ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Sepsis ; Tachycardia* ; Thyroid Crisis* ; Thyroid Function Tests

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the occupational performance of Korean workers with and without hearing loss and analyze the hearing-related difficulties in the working environment. Subjects and Methods: The Amsterdam checklist for hearing and work was used for the analyses and the occupational environments of the Korean workers were investigated. Out of 129 total participants, 86 workers experienced severe to profound hearing loss and 43 had the normal hearing ability. The hearing-impaired workers were recruited from two leading vocational centers and normal-hearing workers were their colleagues. Results: The hearing-impaired workers were found to take fewer sick leaves and exhibited higher rates of permanent job statuses compared to the normal-hearing workers. Workers with hearing loss rarely detected background sound; however, they could perceive reverberation more frequently. They felt more satisfied with their careers than the normal hearing workers as they received social support and needed to put their effort into hearing for most hearing activities. Furthermore, the effort in hearing increased with the increase in job demand, job control, social support, and career satisfaction. The working hours per week increased with the increase in age, education level, job demand, job control, and social support. Different trends were observed in 9 out of 12 variables while comparing the data from the present study with that obtained from the hearing-impaired workers of the Netherlands, indicating a large difference between countries. Conclusions Although the hearing-impaired Korean workers operate diligently with good job positions, it is necessary to enhance their acoustic environment and provide them social support. Considering the cultural background of the hearing-impaired workers, the development of suitable vocational rehabilitation programs and specific questionnaires is strongly recommended worldwide.

Objective: Cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) are considered complications after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Several hypotheses involving platelet activation have been asserted in the pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm and DCI. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) on symptomatic vasospasm and DCI in patients with aSAH. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with aSAH from 2009 to 2018. The patients are divided into 2 groups according to the treatment method such as simple or balloon-assisted coil embolization group (SB coiling), and stent-assisted coil embolization group. Patients treated by SB coiling without DAPT were classified as the control group. Patients who required dual antiplatelet treatment due to stent-assisted coil embolization were classified as DAPT group. The incidence of symptomatic vasospasm and DCI was compared between the two groups. Results: Of 743 patients with aSAH, 563 patients were treated with clipping, 115 patients treated with SB coiling, and 65 patients receive stent-assisted coiling. Among 115 patients underwent SB coiling, 14 patients were excluded by the exclusion criteria. Total number of control group (SB coiling) was 101, DAPT group (stent-assisted coiling) was 65. Depending on whether or not taking DAPT, the incidence of symptomatic vasospasm was lower in the DAPT group (p=0.010). DCI incidence was also lower in the DAPT group, which was statistically significant (p=0.029). Conclusions DAPT reduces the frequency of symptomatic vasospasm and DCI in patients with aSAH in our single-center study. To warranting this topic, further, larger prospective and randomized studies should be needed.