PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to identify the prevalence of postprandial hypotension (PPH) and risk factors for PPH in Korean elderly people. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with community dwelling and nursing home residents. The blood pressure of 162 adults aged 65 yr or older was measured before meal as a baseline and then at 15 min intervals from immediately after the meal through 90 min after the meal. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression with the SPSS WIN 14.0 program were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of PPH was 29% and the PPH occurred immediately after the meal continuously through 90 min after the meal. The biggest drop in systolic blood pressure occurred at 45 min after the meal. Risk factors for PPH were age, base line systolic blood pressure, and presence of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: To prevent side effects of PPH such as falls and syncope, nurses should provide careful management of PPH and prohibit activities until at least 90 min after a meal. We also recommend that risk of PPH should be included in fall prevention guidelines for elderly people.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotension/*epidemiology/etiology ; Korea ; Male ; Nursing Homes ; Postprandial Period ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVE: Hospital and health care professionals in worldwide strive to deliver the safest care as possible. Nevertheless, medical errors that are preventable are common. Minimizing and eliminating medical errors that are preventable is vital to improve patient safety. Therefore the purpose of study is developing the electronic incident reporting system focused on nursing related task as a way to make easy to report incidents METHOD: First, we identified the types and contents of nursing errors and then developed the system under the Widow XP environment. The system was connected to the hospital information system by TCP/IP protocol and used Oracle Sybase as DBMS and Power Builder 8.0 as a program language. RESULTS: The system developed was accessible by any qualified employer who works in the hospital and easily convertible to excel file for the purposes of analyzing the data stored. The number of incident reported using the electronic incident reporting system was 85. CONCLUSION: Hospital should cultivate no blaming culture to the staffs involved in the incidents and provide a standardized education to all frontline staffs to encourage error reporting. By doing this, voluntary error reporting system can be used for system wide improvements by analyzing data stored in the system.
Delivery of Health Care ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Hospital Information Systems ; Information Systems ; Medical Errors ; Patient Safety ; Risk Management ; Widowhood

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing intention of migration by Korean hospital nurses. METHODS: Using cross sectional correlational design, data were collected from 512 nurses working in 7 hospitals ranging in size from 300 to 900 beds in D city and K province of Korea. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square, and multiple hierarchical regression using the SPSS program. RESULTS: There were significant differences in intention of migration by age, educational background, marital status, work experience, and yearly incomes. Although there was high intention of migration of the subjects, the level of preparation for migration was relatively low. The variables that were independently associated with intention of migration were graduates of RN-BSN program, personal factors of subjects, and environmental factors. Those who had lower perception on nursing images and work condition had significantly higher intention of migration than those who had higher perception. Full model accounted for 37.3% of the variance in intention of migration. CONCLUSION: To prevent brain drain of competent nurses in Korea, appropriate strategies to enhance work condition should be developed and the effect of migration of nurses should be investigated in further studies.
Brain ; Humans ; Intention ; Korea ; Marital Status

Prolonged social distancing due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought about changes in people’s lives, including changes in physical activity, eating habits, and an increase in people’s feelings of depression. These changes can be negative effects on diabetes management. Meal planning is one of the most effective things diabetic patients can do to control blood sugar. Active nutrition management is recommended using various diabetes management applications. Methods and studies on dietary guidelines and non-face-to-face nutritional management are needed in consideration of the continued spread of COVID-19 infections.

PURPOSE: The purposes of the study were to determine the effects of AIDS education which includes discussion on knowledge, prejudice, social interaction, and intention for AIDS prevention in college students. METHOD: A convenience sampling method was used to collect data, and 136 university students participated in the study. One group pretest-post test design was used and questionnaire for measuring knowledge about AIDS and attitude to AIDS were administered before and after 100 minutes of AIDS education, The education program consisted of a 50-minute lecture with video aids and 50 minutes of small group discussion. Means, SD, and paired t-test with the SPSS program were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were significant increases in knowledge (p= .000) and social interaction (p= .002) after the education, but no significant changes in prejudice (p= .832) nor in intention for AIDS prevention (p= .074). CONCLUSION: AIDS education including discussion was found to be an effective method for improving knowledge and social interaction of college students. The results suggest that education which includes discussion sessions should be used with college students to improve social interaction with people who are HIV positive and enhance knowledge about AIDS.
Education* ; HIV ; Humans ; Intention* ; Interpersonal Relations* ; Prejudice* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine preventive effects of water drinking on postprandial fall of blood pressure in the elderly. METHOD: Participants were 25 elders who had experienced postprandial fall of systolic blood pressure of more than 15mmHg in a previous study. Within subject repeated measures design using random order allocation was used to control extraneous variables among participants. During the experiment, each participant had to drink 400mL water before lunch, whereas when in the control, they only had their lunch. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured for both times before lunch and at 15 minutes intervals up to 90 minutes after lunch. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures of ANOVA, paired t-test and Bonferroni adjustment as Post-hoc analysis. RESULTS: Water drinking before lunch elicited significant pressor effects by increasing systolic and diastolic pressure 13.9+/-4.7/5.2+/-2.2mmHg compared blood pressure during the control (p<.005, p<.022). Heart rate, however, did not change significantly at either time. CONCLUSION: Drinking water before meal is recommended for elders who experience postprandial hypotension. However, the appropriate volume of water to prevent postprandial fall in blood pressure should be further studied.
Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Drinking ; Drinking Water ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Lunch ; Meals ; Water

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception and utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for diabetic patients in Busan. The subjects were 227 patients at two general hospitals (over 400 bed). This study was performed through the interviewing process using questionnaires conducted from January to April, 2010. Of a total of subjects, 109 patients (48.0%) had taken CAM at least one time. The patients used CAM recognized that they were 'auxiliary medicines' (39.4%), 'supplementary health foods' (32.1%) and 'medicines' (19.3%), but inexperienced patients perceived them as 'supplementary health foods' (29.6%), 'unscientific treatment' (22.6%) and 'medicines' (20.2%), It was significantly different between two groups of patients (p < 0.001). The number of CAM types used for the patients was 51. The CAM types were plant foods (64.3%), dietary supplement (23.6%) and animal diets (12.1%). The patients used an average of 5.9 different kinds of CAM and an average of 3.8 years them and paid \93,345 per month. The patients with diabetic complications and for longer morbidity periods used CAM for significantly (p < 0.05) longer periods. The mean effectiveness scores of the patients used CAM were 3.31/5.00 for efficacy satisfaction, 3.58/5.00 for fewer side effects compared to those of oral drugs, 3.60/5.00 for psychological stability, 3.81/5.00 for easiness to use, and 3.06/5.00 for economic satisfaction. Of the patients that used CAM, 55.9% did not consult with doctors about CAM. More than two-thirds of the patients (77.1%) did not feel the need to consult with doctors.
Animals ; Complementary Therapies ; Diabetes Complications ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Plants ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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No abstract available.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low grade malignant tumor of the salivary glands and it shows a characteristic biphasic population of epithelium and myoepithelium. It shows various cytologic and histologic features, so making an exact diagnosis is difficult. We report here on two cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma arising from the parotid gland and we compare the cytologic findings of the aspirated samples with the histologic findings of the tumors. We think the finding of mixed pattern of large, clear myoepithelia and small epithelia is the most valuable finding in the diagnosis of EMC.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Epithelium ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Glands