Purpose: In spite of the recent application of a general infection control method, central line-associated infections is still relatively high in Korea. Central line bundle with Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) tegaderm dressing was reported to be effective in reducing catheter colonization and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the incidences of catheter colonization occurrence and CLABSI while using Tegaderm vs. CHG Tegaderm dressings. Methods: We used a descriptive design. 400 patients who had central venous catheters were selected from four hospitals in the Korean National Healthcare-associated Infections Surveillance System. Of all subjects, 200 used Tegaderm TM (Tegaderm group), and the remaining 200 used CHG Tegaderm (CHG Tegaderm group) dressing at the catheter insertion site. Data were analyzed using the c 2 test or Fisher’s exact test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: In the Tegaderm and CHG Tegaderm groups, CLABSI incidences were 5.89 and 1.79 per 1,000 catheter-days, catheter colonization incidences were 3.93 and 1.43 per 1,000 catheter-days, and central line bundle compliance rates were 26.0% and 49.0%, respectively. Catheter colonization risk factors were ‘reinsertion after failure’ and ‘Tegaderm dressing’ at the central line insertion site. CLABSI risk factors were ‘incomplete performance of 7 central line bundle items’ and ‘Tegaderm dressing’ at the central line insertion site. Conclusion A further prospective study is needed to examine the effects of central line bundle with CHG Tegaderm dressing, avoiding central line reinsertion after failure, and improving the bundle compliance in reducing catheter colonization and CLABSI.

Cataract is a common eye disease in the elderly. It is affected by various factors including oxidative stress which cause inflammation and damage to the lens. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which indicates the contribution of various dietary components to inflammation, and cataract. The study was a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019∼2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and included 3,427 people aged 65 years and older. The DII was derived using a 24-hour recall method. To analyze the association between dietary inflammation and cataracts, we divided the DII into tertiles and performed logistic regression analysis. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.0. The results showed that 1,457 (42.5%) patients had cataracts.The DII was 1.56±0.1 in the cataract group and 1.18±0.1 in the non-cataract group (P＜0.001). Logistic regression analysis with adjusted variables to analyze the association of DII with cataracts showed that the odds ratio (OR) of cataract incidence was lower from T1 to T3 (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68∼0.99, P for trend=0.040). This study shows that a lower DII score is associated with a lower OR of cataract development in the Korean elderly. This suggest that dietary strategies focusing on anti-inflammatory foods are needed to delay and effectively manage cataract development.

Cataract is a common eye disease in the elderly. It is affected by various factors including oxidative stress which cause inflammation and damage to the lens. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which indicates the contribution of various dietary components to inflammation, and cataract. The study was a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019∼2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and included 3,427 people aged 65 years and older. The DII was derived using a 24-hour recall method. To analyze the association between dietary inflammation and cataracts, we divided the DII into tertiles and performed logistic regression analysis. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.0. The results showed that 1,457 (42.5%) patients had cataracts.The DII was 1.56±0.1 in the cataract group and 1.18±0.1 in the non-cataract group (P＜0.001). Logistic regression analysis with adjusted variables to analyze the association of DII with cataracts showed that the odds ratio (OR) of cataract incidence was lower from T1 to T3 (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68∼0.99, P for trend=0.040). This study shows that a lower DII score is associated with a lower OR of cataract development in the Korean elderly. This suggest that dietary strategies focusing on anti-inflammatory foods are needed to delay and effectively manage cataract development.

Cataract is a common eye disease in the elderly. It is affected by various factors including oxidative stress which cause inflammation and damage to the lens. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which indicates the contribution of various dietary components to inflammation, and cataract. The study was a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019∼2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and included 3,427 people aged 65 years and older. The DII was derived using a 24-hour recall method. To analyze the association between dietary inflammation and cataracts, we divided the DII into tertiles and performed logistic regression analysis. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.0. The results showed that 1,457 (42.5%) patients had cataracts.The DII was 1.56±0.1 in the cataract group and 1.18±0.1 in the non-cataract group (P＜0.001). Logistic regression analysis with adjusted variables to analyze the association of DII with cataracts showed that the odds ratio (OR) of cataract incidence was lower from T1 to T3 (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68∼0.99, P for trend=0.040). This study shows that a lower DII score is associated with a lower OR of cataract development in the Korean elderly. This suggest that dietary strategies focusing on anti-inflammatory foods are needed to delay and effectively manage cataract development.

Purpose: This study examined the influence of patient safety management systems, leadership, and communication types on nurses’ patient safety management activities. Methods: Participants were 237 nurses who has been working in medical institutes for over 6 months. Online self-report questionnaires were conducted. Measures included patient safety management systems, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, communication types, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: According to the general characteristics, patient safety management activities were higher among nurses who were female (t=4.27, p<.001), charge nurses (t=-2.41, p=.016), had healthcare accreditation experience (t=4.36, p<.001), and worked in nursing units implementing a team nursing method (F=6.26, p=.002) with more than 30 nurses (F=6.28, p=.043). Female nurses (β=.16, p=.015) with high authentic leadership (β=.21, p=.002), low informal communication (β=-.21, p=.004), and high downward communication (β=.19, p=.009) showed higher patient safety management activities. The models' explanatory power was 21.0%. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, further research is needed to investigate the differences in patient safety management activities according to gender, the number of nurses per ward, and the nursing delivery system. Lowering informal communication and strengthening authentic leadership and downward communication may improve nurses’ patient safety management activities.

Purpose: This study examined the influence of patient safety management systems, leadership, and communication types on nurses’ patient safety management activities. Methods: Participants were 237 nurses who has been working in medical institutes for over 6 months. Online self-report questionnaires were conducted. Measures included patient safety management systems, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, communication types, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: According to the general characteristics, patient safety management activities were higher among nurses who were female (t=4.27, p<.001), charge nurses (t=-2.41, p=.016), had healthcare accreditation experience (t=4.36, p<.001), and worked in nursing units implementing a team nursing method (F=6.26, p=.002) with more than 30 nurses (F=6.28, p=.043). Female nurses (β=.16, p=.015) with high authentic leadership (β=.21, p=.002), low informal communication (β=-.21, p=.004), and high downward communication (β=.19, p=.009) showed higher patient safety management activities. The models' explanatory power was 21.0%. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, further research is needed to investigate the differences in patient safety management activities according to gender, the number of nurses per ward, and the nursing delivery system. Lowering informal communication and strengthening authentic leadership and downward communication may improve nurses’ patient safety management activities.

Purpose: This study examined the influence of patient safety management systems, leadership, and communication types on nurses’ patient safety management activities. Methods: Participants were 237 nurses who has been working in medical institutes for over 6 months. Online self-report questionnaires were conducted. Measures included patient safety management systems, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, communication types, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: According to the general characteristics, patient safety management activities were higher among nurses who were female (t=4.27, p<.001), charge nurses (t=-2.41, p=.016), had healthcare accreditation experience (t=4.36, p<.001), and worked in nursing units implementing a team nursing method (F=6.26, p=.002) with more than 30 nurses (F=6.28, p=.043). Female nurses (β=.16, p=.015) with high authentic leadership (β=.21, p=.002), low informal communication (β=-.21, p=.004), and high downward communication (β=.19, p=.009) showed higher patient safety management activities. The models' explanatory power was 21.0%. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, further research is needed to investigate the differences in patient safety management activities according to gender, the number of nurses per ward, and the nursing delivery system. Lowering informal communication and strengthening authentic leadership and downward communication may improve nurses’ patient safety management activities.

Purpose: This study examined the influence of patient safety management systems, leadership, and communication types on nurses’ patient safety management activities. Methods: Participants were 237 nurses who has been working in medical institutes for over 6 months. Online self-report questionnaires were conducted. Measures included patient safety management systems, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, communication types, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: According to the general characteristics, patient safety management activities were higher among nurses who were female (t=4.27, p<.001), charge nurses (t=-2.41, p=.016), had healthcare accreditation experience (t=4.36, p<.001), and worked in nursing units implementing a team nursing method (F=6.26, p=.002) with more than 30 nurses (F=6.28, p=.043). Female nurses (β=.16, p=.015) with high authentic leadership (β=.21, p=.002), low informal communication (β=-.21, p=.004), and high downward communication (β=.19, p=.009) showed higher patient safety management activities. The models' explanatory power was 21.0%. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, further research is needed to investigate the differences in patient safety management activities according to gender, the number of nurses per ward, and the nursing delivery system. Lowering informal communication and strengthening authentic leadership and downward communication may improve nurses’ patient safety management activities.

Purpose: Swyer-James-Macleod syndrome (SJMS) is a rare disorder characterized by the hyperlucency of a unilateral lung due to ipsilaterally arrested lung growth. No sufficient information on progressive lung function changes during growth is available in SJMS. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed SJMS cases using a clinical database from January 2000 to August 2018. Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients was 4.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2.7–9.0 years), boys (n = 21, 52.5%) were more affected, and left lungs (n = 27, 67.5%) were more involved. The interval between infection and diagnosis was 1.8 years (IQR, 0.7–6.4 years). Mycoplasma pneumoniae (n = 14) and adenovirus (n = 5) were most prevalent among the 21 subjects with presumably identifiable causes. Most of the 16 patients with available pulmonary function data presented moderate obstructive lung function (z-score, median; FEV 1: -4.320 [IQR, -5.955 to -3.400] and FVC: -2.600 [IQR, -3.590 to -1.570], respectively) with the more decreased median in forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF 25%–75%) (z-score, -4.470; IQR, -5.330 to -3.170). Linear mixed effect models indicated that younger age at first infectious insult was significantly related to decreased FEV1 z-score (P = 0.041), and that the FEV 1/FVC and FEF 25%–75% z-scores were reduced by 0.082 (P = 0.005) and 0.069 (P ≤ 0.001) per year. Conclusion In children with SJMS, the initial infectious insult occurs in the early life with M. pneumoniae being the most common pathogen. Lung function may deteriorate with an obstructive pattern during growth. The impairment can progress slowly not in the FEV1, but in the FEV1/FVC or FEF25%–75%

Two miniature Schnauzer dogs with chronic pancreatitis were investigated. Both dogs showed systemic hypertension and increased concentrations of triglycerides and C-reactive protein. Abdominal radiography revealed cylindrical calcification in the retroperitoneum, and computed tomography (CT) showed extensive calcification of the abdominal and peripheral arteries in both dogs. Metastases and other dystrophic conditions that can cause arterial calcification were excluded based on the laboratory tests, and the dogs were diagnosed with atherosclerosis ante mortem. Atherosclerosis should be considered when extensive arterial calcification is observed on abdominal radiography or CT in miniature Schnauzers.