No abstract available.
Humans ; Urolithiasis*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans ; Proteinuria*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Hematuria*

BACKGROUND: Although a number of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) studies have been performed to elucidate the pathophysiology of migraines, their results have been controversial. We studied the pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (PRVEPs) during long periods of stimulation to show whether or not PRVEPs in migraines are abnormal. METHODS: Patients were divided into two groups; Group 1 (migraine with aura; MWA, n=29) and Group 2 (migraine without aura ; MOA, n=32) according to the International Headache Society criteria. PRVEPs were performed in both groups and in healthy volunteers (n=62). PRVEPs were averaged in 100 responses for a total duration of 10 minutes after an initial 3 minutes during stimulation and were analysed in terms of latencies and peak to peak amplitudes of N1-P1 and P1-N2 peaks. RESULTS: Amplitudes of PRVEPs in migraines showed significant increases compared to normal subjects (p<0.001), and amplitudes of PRVEPs in MWA showed significant increases compared to those in MOA (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results are explained by cortical hypoexcitability and hyper-responsiveness in migraine and by additional cortical hyper-responsiveness (another hyper-responsiveness) in MWA compared to MOA. We suggest that serotonergic and noradrenergic hyperactivity could be responsible for cortical hypoexcitability and hyper-responsiveness in a migraine brain. Another hyper-responsiveness in MWA could also be thought of as some evidence for cortical neuronal abnormality in MWA in addition to serotonergic and noradrenergic hyperactivity in a migraine brain. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(3):239~244, 2001)
Brain ; Epilepsy ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Headache ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Migraine Disorders* ; Neurons*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Survival Rate*

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by the gram-negative coccobacilli Brucella. Humans are infected by ingestion of unpasteurized milk or dairy products from or by direct contact with infected animals. Although human brucellosis is known to be rare, there has been an increase in bovine brucellosis in Cheju island since the 1980s. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti- Brucella antibody in people from endemic areas. METHODS: Sera obtained from 2,372 residents in Cheju island were screened for anti-Brucella antibody by slide agglutination test and confirmed by duplicated tube agglutination test. Sera with titers equal to or above 1:80 were considered positive. RESULTS: Fourteen of 2,372 sera were positive (0.59%). Positive rate was 0.34% in males and 0.82% in females. There was no significant difference in the positive rates between males and females. Seropositive rate was slightly higher in persons at 40 years or older. Seropositive rates in different areas of Cheju island were as follows : South Cheju-gun 0.97%, North Cheju-gun 0.64%, Cheju city 0.46%, and Sogwipo city 0.0%. The antibody titers of positive sera were determined: 7 sera were positive at 1:80, 4 at 1:160, and 3 were positive at 1:320. Occupations of seropositive persons were as follows : 7 farmers; 3 stockbreeders; 1 engaged in service trade; 1 engaged in food processing; 1 working at a stable; one unknown. Seropositive rates among people at a relatively high risk were 0.94%. Seropositive rate of people who were proven to be not at risk for Brucella infection was 0.51%. There was no significant difference in the seropositive rates between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings confirmed the occurrence of human Brucella infection in Cheju island and suggest the need for surveillance in other parts of the country as well.
Agglutination Tests ; Animals ; Brucella ; Brucellosis* ; Brucellosis, Bovine ; Cattle ; Dairy Products ; Eating ; Female ; Food Handling ; Humans ; Jeju-do* ; Male ; Milk ; Occupations ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies*

Lung transplantation in the treatment of end-stage emphysema has been increasing in number since the recent rise in the 5 year survival rate. For the shortage of donor lungs, the single lung transplantation or transplantation in ABO compatible, nonidentical recipients has also been increasing. The lung transplantation in compatible, nonidentical recipients show good results as with identical recipients with the proper application of immunosuppressive agents. We transplanted the left lung of a 41 year-old male donor to a 35 year-old female recipient who had been suffering from severe dyspnea due to end-stage emphysema. For postoperative immunosuppression, we applied conventional triple immunotherapy(cyclosporine, azathioprine, prednisolone) and we could suppress the rejection response of transplanted lung by adding the anti-CD3 antibody(OKT3) during the operation. The patient could be discharged without any specific problem at 18th postoperative day.
Adult ; Azathioprine ; Dyspnea ; Emphysema ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Lung Transplantation* ; Lung* ; Male ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with obstructive jaundice that is caused by bile duct tumor thrombi (BDT) is a rare finding and the appropriate treatment has not yet been detrmined. Some authors have reported that hepatic resection and the removal of the BDT without extrahepatic bile duct resection were sufficient procedures. On the other hand, other authors have reported that it was reasonable to resect the extrahepatic bile duct with the primary lesion. The 55-year-old man was admitted with obstructive jaundice and he was without any other symptoms. Preoperative ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and CT (Computed tomography) showed the BDT extending from the main mass in the left lobe to the common hepatic duct. An ENBD (endoscopic naso-biliary drainage catheter) was placed to decrease the serum total bilirubin concentration (17.5 mg/dl on admission). The serum total bilirubin concentration was 4.7 mg/dl one day before the operation. The ICG-R15 was 36% one week before the operation. The serum AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) concentration was 4872 ng/ml. The serum ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase) concentrations were elevated. The serum albumin concentration and prothrombin time were normal. Left lobectomy, extrahepatic bile duct resection and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy were performed with stenting each bile duct orifice. Histologically, the BDT had partially invaded the confluence of the bile duct. At present, the patient is doing well without any recurrence of tumor. Many reports have insisted the BDT rarely invades the confluence portion of bile duct. Therefore BDT extraction without extrahepatic bile duct resection is a sufficient procedure for HCC with the BDT. However, this strategy was inadequate for our case.
Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Bilirubin ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Drainage ; Hand ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Middle Aged ; Prothrombin Time ; Recurrence ; Serum Albumin ; Stents