No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple*

With the increased use of implantable cardiac devices, the incidence of hardware problems has also increased. Some of the hardware problems might be induced by patient factors. We experienced recurrent pacemaker lead fracture and dislocation after permanent pacemaker implantation. The patient was a bus driver who used his left arm vigorously when he turned the steering wheel. After a new lead was inserted via an axillary vein approach and the patient changed his occupation, no more lead problems have occurred. When a recurrent hardware problem with an implantable pacemaker or defibrillator occurs, patient factors related to anatomy or behavior must be considered.
Arm ; Atrioventricular Block ; Axillary Vein ; Defibrillators ; Dislocations ; Humans ; Incidence ; Occupations

No abstract available.
Pregnancy, Heterotopic*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy, Heterotopic*

OBJECTIVES: This study was done to compare the proportion of the CYP2D6*10 allele between previously reported data of normal Korean subjects and schizophrenic patients. And we investigated the relationship between the CYP2D6*10 allele and the clinical variables such as age of onset, duration of illness and psychopathology. METHODS: Total 82 DSM-IV Korean schizophrenic patients in monotherapy with risperidone participated in this study. The CYP2D6*10 allele which contains C188T mutation in exon 1 was identified by allele specific PCR amplification. We investigated the clinical variables such as age of onset and duration of illness through chart review. The baseline psychopathology with brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) before blood collection were done in clinically stable patients. RESULTS: Seventeen (20.7%) out of 82 patients were homozygous for CYP2D6*1, 22 (26.8%) for *10, while the remaining 43 patients (52.4%) were heterozygous for these alleles. These distributions were very similar with previously reported data of Korean normal subjects. There was no significant relationship between the CYP2D6*10 allele and the clinical variables such as age of onset, duration of illness and psychopathology. CONCLUSION: In Korean schizophrenic patients, there was no significant difference in CYP2D6*10 allele compared to normal Korean subjects.
Age of Onset ; Alleles ; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Exons ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Psychopathology ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia*

Clear cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is rare cancer that accounts for 4 to 9% of the adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix. Although intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during early pregnancy is one of the established risk factors, DES exposure may not be confirmed in all patients. We experienced a case of clear cell carcinoma in the uterine cervix of 67-year-old woman who was not exposed to DES. She was initially diagnosed as endometrial clear cell carcinoma because of the normal colposcopic finding and histologically proven clear cell carcinoma from endometrial aspiration biopsy and endocervical curettage. We performed a total laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and lymphadnectomy including both pelvic and para-aortic regions. On the final pathologic diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma confined to endocervix, the patient was received adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation with weekly cisplatin. We present the case with a brief review of related literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; Cervix Uteri ; Cisplatin ; Curettage ; Diethylstilbestrol ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic non-specific inflammatory disease of arteries and it is known that aorta and its major branches are most commonly invoved. Its etiology is still unknown but the basic process is marked intimal proliferation, fibrosis and fibrous scarring with degeneration of the elastic fibers of the media. The proliferative and cicatrical process leads to luminal narrowing, stenosis, localized aneurysm, postsenotic dilatation and calcification in the involved arterial wall. Little attention has been paid to the diagnostic value of transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) in Takayasu's arteritis. METHODS: We evaluated transesophageal echocardiographic findings of aortic lesions in 3 cases of Takayasu's arteritis. RESULTS: The transesophageal echocardiographic findings of aortic lesions in Takayasu's arteritis characteristically showed relatively long sehmental luminal narrowing caused by marked intimal proliferation and contracture fo aortic wasll. The morphology of intimal thickening was characteristically circumferential, concentric and the size of the aorta itself was decreased by contracture as compared with atherosclerotic changes involving aorta. Besides these findings were consistent with angiographic findings. The common types of Takayasu's arteritis which we will meet clinically are known as type I or III. Indeed, 3 cases described in this paper are all type 3 patients. According to that fact, most of Takayasu's arterits may have aortic lesions that could be easily accessible by TEE and the degree of deformity of the aorta can be evaluated using TEE. CONCLUSION: The transesophageal echocardiography may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the evaluation of aortic wall and luminal status in the patients with Takayasu's arteritis.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Contracture ; Dilatation ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Elastic Tissue ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Phenobarbital ; Takayasu Arteritis*

In this paper, a case of corneal squamous cell carcinoma is reported. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cornea is a rare disorder and has not been previously described in the Korean literature. In this case, the invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cornea was treated by complete excision and cryotherapy. No evidence of metastasis or recurrence has been found since the procedure. Complete excision and adjunctive cryotherapy has become the treatment of choice because of the higher recurrence rate following a simple excision.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*pathology/surgery/therapy ; Case Report ; Corneal Diseases/*pathology/surgery/therapy ; Cryotherapy ; Eye Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery/therapy ; Human ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical results between two different methods of hindfoot endoscopy to treat posterior ankle impingement syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and January 2014, 52 patients who underwent hindfoot endoscopy were retrospectively reviewed. Two methods of hindfoot endoscopy were used; Group A was treated according to van Dijk and colleagues' standard two-portal method, and group B was treated via the modified version of the above, using a protection cannula. For clinical comparison, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score, time required to return to activity, and the presence of complications were used. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the AOFAS scores at the final follow-up, and there was also no statistically significant difference in the times for the scores to return to the preoperative level. There were no permanent neurovascular injuries and wound problems in either group. CONCLUSION: Use of protection cannula may provide additional safety during hindfoot endoscopy. We could not prove whether protection cannula can provide superior safety for possible neurovascular injury. Considering the possible safety and risk of using additional instrument, the use of this method may be optional.
Ankle* ; Catheters ; Endoscopy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Talus ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Physicians can play a crucial role in the knowledge that patients have about a disease and its prognosis. Recently, patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are increasingly turning from western medicine to oriental herbal medicine. However, their awareness of AD and attitude toward Western medicine and oriental herbal medicine clinics are scarcely reported. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the understanding of AD among patients and their parents and to identify their awareness of and attitude toward Western medicine and oriental herbal medicine as treatments for AD. METHODS: An online questionnaire was administered to 500 consenting respondents with AD (age, 16~49 years) and parents of children with AD (age, 0~15 years). RESULTS: The mean percentage of correct answers to questions about AD was 52.54%. A parental history of AD was independently associated with higher respondent’s knowledge about the disease and its treatment. The satisfaction with treatment outcomes was highest among patients treated at private clinic of dermatology specialists (49.4%), while lowest among those treated at oriental herbal medicine clinics (38.4%). Many participants were aware that oriental herbal medicine requires a longer treatment period for a cure and does not burden the skin, while steroid phobia was seen in most of participants. CONCLUSION: Physicians need to educate AD patients and their parents about the disease and its treatment. Misconceptions for Western medicine and oriental herbal medicine among AD patients and parents should be corrected to improve their prognosis.
Adult* ; Child ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatology ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Parents* ; Phobic Disorders ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Specialization ; Surveys and Questionnaires