1.Antitumor components of the cultured mycelia of calvatia craniformis.
Byong Kak KIM ; Ji Yun KWUN ; Young In PARK ; Jin Woo BOK ; Eung Chil CHOI
Journal of the Korean Cancer Association 1992;24(1):1-18
No abstract available.
2.Isolation Trend of Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Serratia for the Recent Five Years and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Derepressed AmpC beta-lactamase Producing Strains.
Jong Ha RYU ; Hong Seok PARK ; Dong Eun YONG ; Eung Chil CHOI ; Kyun Gwon LEE ; Yun Sop CHONG
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 2002;34(1):26-33
BACKGROUND: Derepressed AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter f reundii, and Serratia marcescens are important nosocomial pathogens and the infections are difficult to treat, because they are multi-drug resistant. The aim of this study was to determine the isolation rate and trend, and antimicrobial susceptibility of derepressed strains isolated from clinical specimens. METHODS: E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and C. f reundii isolated from 1996 through 2000 were enrolled in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by NCCLS disk diffusion method. Derepressed strain was defined as strain non-susceptible to third generation cephalosporin. The isolation patterns of important gram-negative bacilli with the derepressed strains were analyzed with respect to years, patient's locations and specimens. RESULTS: Among the clinical isolates, the derepressed strains of E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and C. f reundii were 65%, 70%, and 56%. The proportion of the derepressed strains : E. cloacae increased from 68% in 1996 to 71% in 1998, however, decreased to 59% in 2000, S. marcescens increased from 68% in 1996 to 73% in 2000, C. f reundii decreased from 69% in 1996 to 41% in 2000. The proportion of the derepressed strains were high among the isolates from blood and respiratory specimens of inpatient and intensive care patient. The resistance rates of the depressed strains were 47~62% to third generation cephalosporin and aztreonam, 15~85% to aminoglycoside, 68% to cotrimoxazole, and 31% to levofloxacin. CONCLUSION: Among the clinical isolates of E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and C. f reundii, the derepressed strains were as high as 56~70%, and they were commonly isolated from blood and sputum specimens of inpatient and intensive care patient, and showed high resistance rates to the most antimicrobial agents.
Anti-Infective Agents
;
Aztreonam
;
beta-Lactamases*
;
Citrobacter freundii
;
Citrobacter*
;
Cloaca
;
Diffusion
;
Enterobacter cloacae
;
Enterobacter*
;
Humans
;
Inpatients
;
Critical Care
;
Levofloxacin
;
Serratia marcescens
;
Serratia*
;
Sputum
;
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
3.Effect of Coexistence of Antimicrobial-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli on the Resistant Gram-negative Bacilliin the Absence of Antimicrobial Agents.
Dong Eun YONG ; Eung Chil CHOI ; Kyun Gwon LEE ; Jong Hwa YUM ; Yun Sop CHONG
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 2002;34(1):9-17
BACKGROUND: Carrying antimicrobial resistance genes is a burden to bacteria. Therefore, in the absence of antimicrobial selective pressure, susceptible bacteria are expected to replace resistant ones. The cost was reported to decrease with time, but the effect of different species of susceptible bacteria on extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC beta-lactamase-, and VIM-2 metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli are not known. The aim of this study was to determine the effect in vitro. METHODS: Antimicrobial-susceptible and -resistant strains of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella p neumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii were subcultured daily in glucose limited minimal salt medium at 30degrees C and 37degrees C, and the numbers of cells (CFU/mL) were determined by culturing on Mueller-Hinton agar and MacConkey agar plates. RESULTS: Continued incubation without subculture of both individual and mixed cultures at 37degrees C showed higher counts of a ESBL-producing K. p neumoniae than a susceptible E. coli. Daily subcultures of two strains in a tube showed the counts were : ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae >susceptible E. coli; susceptible E. aerogenes >ESBL-producing K. p neumoniae; susceptible E. aerogenes >VIM-2-beta-lactamase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. The counts were similar for susceptible K. p neumoniae and AmpC beta-lactamasehyperproducing E. aerogenes. Initial low count of a susceptible E. coli and an ESBL-producing K. p neumoniae at 30degrees C gradually increased with continued subculture. CONCLUSION: Growth of not all resistant bacteria are slower and the growth improves with continued subculture. Coexistence of a susceptible bacteria with resistant bacteria in GLMS medium both at 30degrees C and 37degrees C does not reduce the number of resistant bacteria.
Acinetobacter baumannii
;
Agar
;
Anti-Infective Agents*
;
Bacteria
;
Enterobacter aerogenes
;
Escherichia coli
;
Glucose
;
Klebsiella
;
Pneumonia
4.Assessment of Quality of Life in Patient with Toenail Onychomycosis in Korea.
Baik Kee CHO ; Jong Gap PARK ; Hyung OK KIM ; Sung Wook KIM ; Seung Chul BAEK ; Jin Wou KIM ; Si Yong KIM ; Kyu Joong AHN ; Jae Bok JUN ; Chee Won OH ; Nack In KIM ; Kyu Suk LEE ; Chil Hwan OH ; Soo Nam KIM ; Sang Tae KIM ; Sook Ja SON ; Yong Woo CHINN ; Dong Seok KIM ; Won Woo LEE ; Kyung Sool KWON ; Dae Hun SUH ; Kyu Uang WHANG ; Jong Suk LEE ; Jai Kyoung KOH ; Won Hyoung KANG ; Kee Yang CHUNG ; Eung Ho CHOI ; Ki Hong KIM ; Seok Don PARK ; Seung Joo KANG ; Jeong Hee HAHM ; Ki Bum MYUNG ; Bang Soon KIM ; Sang Wahn KOO ; Byung Su KIM ; Young Ho WON ; Han Uk KIM ; Eun Sup SONG ; Byoung Soo CHUNG ; Chang Kwun HONG ; Byung In RO ; Jang Kyu PARK ; Jee Yoon HAN ; Kwang Joong KIM ; Dae Won KOO ; Jong Min KIM ; Jae Hong KIM ; Hee Joon YU ; Kyung Mee YANG
Korean Journal of Medical Mycology 1998;3(2):115-124
BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis, especially toenail onychomycosis has become one of the common fungal infection and has historically been regarded as a cosmetic rather than medical problem by many patients, even by physicians. Recently, however, there are several reports that this is a refractory disease which may cause a deleterious effect on patients' quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of toenail onychomycosis on QOL in Korea and to assess the changes of QOL after treatment. METHODS: Total 1004 patients with toenail onychomycosis which was confirmed by clinical findings and KOH preparation were enrolled at 47 dermatologic centers in Korea, and interviewed with standardized QOL questionnaire before and after systemic antifungal treatment. Responses to the questionnaire were scored by f-point scale (0~4) and averaged, and were analyzed for 5 dimensions of emotional impact, social impact, symptom and functional impact, patients' views concerning treatment, and relationship with doctor. RESULTS: 1. Before and after treatment, the most serious impact was emotional dimension showing 1.90 and 1.30 in average score (AS), and social (AS: 1.14 and 0.83) and symptom and functional impact (AS: 1.05 and 0.92) was also affected. 2. In female rather than male, statistically more significant impact on patients' QOL was observed in all dimensions. 3. After treatment, 3 of 5 dimensions were improved significantly - emotional dimension (AS: from 1.90 to 1.30), social dimension (AS: from 1.14 to 0.83), patients' view concerning treatment(AS: from 1.34 to 1.02) 4. The degree of patients' satisfaction at the therapeutic effect was very high - 62.4% (immediately after. treatment) and 65.8% (9 months after initiation of treatment) of patients answered excellent or good. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that toenail onychomycosis has significant Impact on the overall QOL of patients. Also the effect of antifungal therapy on patients' QOL were satisfactory. Therefore, both doctor and patient should pay more attention to the treatment of onychomycosis.
Female
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Male
;
Nails*
;
Onychomycosis*
;
Quality of Life*
;
Social Change
;
Surveys and Questionnaires