PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of latanoprost on the melanogenesis and endogenous PG release. METHODS: Primarily cultured uveal human melanocytes were exposed to 0.1 micrometer, 1 micrometer, and 10 micrometer of PhXA85 and also co-exposured with 1 micrometer of indomethacine or hydrocortisone, the melanin content of each melanocyte was measured with spectrophotometer after 1 week. RESULTS: After 1 week, the melanin content of each melanocyte was increased with 1 micrometer, 10 micrometer of PhXA85(p<0.05). After co-exposure with indomethacine or hydrocortisone, the amount of increased melanin content was less than that of PhXA85 alone and statistically significant with 10 micrometer of PhXA85(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that PhXA85 stimulates melanogenesis of cultured human uveal mela-nocytes and also suggests the possibility of exogenous PGF2 alpha-induced release of endogenous prostaglandin.
Dinoprost ; Humans* ; Hydrocortisone ; Indomethacin ; Melanins ; Melanocytes*

Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a syndrome with complex genetics and diverse manifestations. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is caused by alveolar microcirculation injury associated with lung illness or systemic disorders. To date, the relationship between diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and MELAS has not been reported. We report a MELAS patient who presented complications with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

No abstract available.
Takayasu Arteritis*

No abstract available.
Rupture*

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Thorax* ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula*

Unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy(UAIM)is a rare, self-limiting disorder that affects healthy young adults who experience sudden, severe visual loss. It is characterized by an exudative maculopathy with irregular margins and yellowish-white thickening at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE). The fluorescein angiographic findings characteristically demonstrate early irregular hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescence at the level of RPE lesion, followed by complete staining of the overlying neurosensory retinal detachment in the late phase. A characteristic bulls-eye pattern pigmentary changes may occur in the macula after resolution of the acute phase of the disease. We report a patient with atypical presentation of UAIM in which multifocal leaks at the RPE level on the fluorescein angiography was observed.
Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde ; Young Adult

The prior long-term use of topical anti-glaucoma medications has been suggested as an adverse factor for the outcome of trabeculectomy. The mechanism of action is still unclear. This study investigates the effect of Trusopt and Xalatan on the proliferation and viability of human Tenon`s capsule fibroblasts in tissue culture. We examined the effect of two commercial drugs, Trusopt and Xalatan, and pure benzalkonium chloride, at various dilution, on the proliferation as assessed by MTT assay and assessed micro-scopically the viability of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts in tissue culture. None of the tested compounds stimulated proliferation of fibroblasts in tissue culture and inhibited proliferation. All had toxic effects on cell morphology. These results show an antiproliferative and toxic effect of Trusopt and Xalatan on the fibroblasts in tissue culture and no direct stimulation of fibroblast proliferation.
Benzalkonium Compounds ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Tenon Capsule ; Trabeculectomy

PURPOSE: This study compared the outcomes of AutoPulseTM compression with manual compression provided by 119 paramedics in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. METHODS: Between March and December 2016, a total of 221 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients were included for analysis. The patients included were categorized as the AutoPulseTM compression group and manual compression group. Patient's age, sex, pre-hospital intubation, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), initial cardiac rhythm, time from arrest to CPR and CPR duration were reviewed retrospectively. The initial pH, lactate level, white blood cell (WBC) count, delta neutrophil index (DNI), and targeted temperature management status were collected. As clinical outcomes, the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, survival rate, and cerebral performance category (CPC) scale at discharge were analyzed. RESULTS: The initial rhythm and CPR duration were similar in the two groups. On the other hand, the pre-hospital intubation rate and pre-hospital CPR duration were significantly higher in the AutoPulseTM group than the manual group (32.9% vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001; 15.2 vs. 11.9 minutes, p=0.002). The ROSC rate, hospital and ICU length of stay, CPC scale and survival rate at discharge as the clinical outcome were similar in the AutoPulseTM group and manual group. The pH was lower and the lactate level was significantly higher in the AutoPulseTM group than the manual group (6.91 vs. 6.96, p=0.007; 12.8 vs. 11.4 mmol/L, p=0.031), but the WBC and DNI were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The use of AutoPulseTM provided by 119 paramedics in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients is not associated with better clinical outcomes.
Allied Health Personnel ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Emergency Medical Technicians ; Hand ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Lactic Acid ; Length of Stay ; Leukocytes ; Neutrophils ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is noted by a reversible syndrome of headache, altered mental function, seizures, and loss of vision associated with findings indicating predominantly posterior leukoen-cephalopathy on imaging studies. Reversible vasospasm and brain capillary leak syndrome are usually suggested to the pathophysiologic mechanism of RPLS. We report 6 patients with RPLS, which showed peculiar findings in the MRA.
Brain* ; Capillary Leak Syndrome ; Headache ; Humans ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Seizures