From August 1992 to July 1996, 63 consecutive patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. The mean age of these patient was 57 years(range form 30 to 71years). There were 44 men and 19 women. Preoperative 12 patients had stable angina pectoris and 23 patients were unstable angina pectoris. 8 patients had previous myocardial infarctation history and emergency or urgent myocardial revascularization were performed in 9 cases. In the risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis, 25 patients(40%) were hypercholesterolemia, 38 patients(60%) have smoking history and 19 patients(30%) have hypertension history. In the patterns of disease, 9 patients were single vessel disease, 18 patients were two vessele disease and 33 patients were three vessel dise 3se. We performed total 284 distal anastomosis(mean 3.5 anastomosis per patient) and performed one case of ascending aorta graft interposition, two cases of mitral valve replacement, one case of aortic valve replacement, one case of ventricular septal defect repair and one case of atrial septal defect repair and the mean aortic cross clamp time was 115.3 minutes. The common complications were arrhythmia(7cases), wound infection(5cases), perioperative myocardial infarction(4cases), reoperation for bleeding control(4cases) and stroke(4cases). There were six hospital deaths due to low cardiac output syndrome, ventricular arrhythmia and respiratory failure. In the evaluation of operative risk factors, preoperative intravenous nitroglycerin requirement and prolonged aortic cross clamp time(>2hours) were found to be predective factor of morbidity and old age(>65years) was
Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Aorta ; Aortic Valve ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Emergencies ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Revascularization ; Nitroglycerin ; Reoperation ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: There has been little research done on the factors associated with snoring among adults in Korea. METHODS: Subjects for this cross-sectional study were 1940 adults aged 20 to 80 years who had visited the health promotion center at one university hospital in Chungcheongnam-do for general health check-ups. Standard interviews, anthropometrics, and biochemical studies were conducted. Habitual snoring was defined as snoring more than 4 days per week. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between habitual snoring and age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of habitual snoring was 13.9%. The proportion of problem drinkers, current smokers, BMI equal to or greater than 25 kg/m2, abdominal obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterolemia increased significantly with increasing frequency in snoring (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that habitual snoring was independently associated with the 50-59 years age group, male, current smokers, abdominal obesity, hypertension and low HDL-cholesterolemia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that habitual snorers are at increased risk for individual risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases. Prospective studies are needed to further examine the causal relationship between habitual snoring and cardiovascular diseases.
Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Snoring ; Waist Circumference

No abstract available.
Condoms* ; Humans ; Intention* ; Sex Education*

With aging, several progressive changes occur on the midface including descent of attenuated lower eyelid skin which creates a skeleton-like appearance with infraorbital hollowness, and descent of the malar fat pad with exaggeration of the nasolabial fold. Most of the procedures for midfacial rejuvenation require extensive peripheral-to-central dissection in the subcutaneous, sub-SMAS or subperiosteal plane. The author's procedure entails direct access to the midface through a subciliary incision, elevation of the orbicularis oculi muscle and ptotic malar soft tissue. It has been performed through subcutaneous dissection on 67 patient and subperiosteal dissection on 4 patients. Subcutaneous dissection on the midface was made laterally to the zygomaticus maior, medially to the levator labii superioris under the oricularis muscle and inferiorly beyond the nasolabial fold. The range of subperiosteal dissection was similar to subcutaneous dissection, except on the dissection plane. Suspension sutures made at the malar retaining ligament and infero-lateral portion of the orbicularis oculi were fixed to periosteum of the lateral canthal area. In some patients, this procedure was combined with forehead lift(4), temporal lift(2), upper blepharoplasty(28), cervicoplasty(2), and lateral canthoplasty(12). In 23 patients who had a particularly prominent tear trough, a fat sliding technique was combined. The author has followed up 62 patients from a minimum 2 months to a maximum 27 months. Complications included urdercorrection(3), longstanding malar fullness(2), ectropion(1), transient numbness(2), and cheek dimpling(1). In conclusion, this centrofacial can be applied to patients who have limited ptosis of the midface with mild nasolabial fold.
Adipose Tissue ; Aging ; Cheek ; Eyelids ; Forehead ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Nasolabial Fold ; Periosteum ; Rejuvenation ; Skin ; Sutures

A teratoma is a germ-cell tumor composed of tissue components representing derivatives of three germ layers. A teratoma in the region of adrenal gland is a rare retroperitoneal tumor. We now report a case of a primary adrenal teratoma. A 38-year-old woman presented with an incidentally detected adrenal mass. The computed tomography scan revealed a 9x8x7.5 cm fat density mass with calcification in the left adrenal gland. The surgically resected tumor was round and well circumscribed and the adrenal gland was present at the periphery of the tumor. The cut surface contained fat tissue and a hair containing cyst. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of adipose tissue, hair, skin appendage, nerve, muscle bundle and bone.
Adipose Tissue ; Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Female ; Germ Layers ; Hair ; Humans ; Muscles ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Skin ; Teratoma

A teratoma is a germ-cell tumor composed of tissue components representing derivatives of three germ layers. A teratoma in the region of adrenal gland is a rare retroperitoneal tumor. We now report a case of a primary adrenal teratoma. A 38-year-old woman presented with an incidentally detected adrenal mass. The computed tomography scan revealed a 9x8x7.5 cm fat density mass with calcification in the left adrenal gland. The surgically resected tumor was round and well circumscribed and the adrenal gland was present at the periphery of the tumor. The cut surface contained fat tissue and a hair containing cyst. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of adipose tissue, hair, skin appendage, nerve, muscle bundle and bone.
Adipose Tissue ; Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Female ; Germ Layers ; Hair ; Humans ; Muscles ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Skin ; Teratoma

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy is a very rare and poorly recognized disease in children. This study is performed to describe the clinical course and to define potential predictors of outcome. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed the medical records and diagnostic studies of 11 consecutive patients during the period from Jan.1991 to Aug. 2000. RESULTS: The age at diagnosis was 1.2-13 years (median 7 years) and the duration of follow up was 3-90 months (median 3.6 years). All except one were symptomatic (dyspnea in ten, chest pain in four). The chest pain was associated with significant ST depression on both resting and exercise ECG, suggesting myocardial ischemia. Two had complete heart block as either initial or terminal event. Cardiac catheterization was done in nine ( mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure 23+/-6mmHg, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 47+/-14mmHg, mean right atrial pressure 11+/-9mmHg). Echocardiographic dimensional ratio of left atrium and aorta (LA/Ao) was 2.41+/-0.58. Mitral E/A inflow ratio was 2.72+/-1.42, E wave deceleration time was 93.6+/-44.2ms. During follow up, six died. The 2 year and 5 year cumulative survival rates were 54.5% and 18.8% respectively. The predictor for nonsurvivor were pulmonary venous congestion and LA/Ao >2.5(p<0.05). Verapamil was tried in 6 cases without favorable effect in all. CONCLUSION: Considerable numbers of restrictive cardiomyopathy have myocardial ischemia associated with ST depression and chest pain. The patients with pulmonary venous congestion and severe left atrial enlargement (LA/Ao>2.5) were at risk for death, requiring prompt definitive treatment such as cardiac transplantation.
Aorta ; Arterial Pressure ; Atrial Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive* ; Chest Pain ; Child* ; Deceleration ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Atria ; Heart Block ; Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Medical Records ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Survival Rate ; Verapamil

No abstract available.
Hair ; Scalp

BACKGROUND: DNA content analysis of human solid tumor is now widely performed by flow cytometric study. One of the most interesting and potentially observation in this field is that proliferative activity(S-Phase fraction of cell cycle) may profoundly affect the prognosis. METHOD: S-Phase fraction(SPF) have been measured by flow cytometric method using tumor cells isolated from paraffin embedded tissue. To evaluate the prognostic significance, SPF of small lung cancer cell was assessed in 42 patients who died after receiving anticancer chemotherapy. RESULTS: 1) Mean survival time of patients with small cell lung cancer was 190(± 156) days, Survival time were shortened, when TNM stage and PS scale were advanced. 2) Mean value of SPF of patients with small cell lung cancer was 27.4(±8.5)%. SPF had nothing to do with advance of TNM stage and PS scale. 3) In each identical TNM stage, there were not statistic significance between SPF and survival times. 4) There was a tendency like that higher SPF, better chemotherapeutic CONCLUSION: We could not find statistic significance between SPF and survival times, but SPF was a good predictive factor for chemotherapeutic response.
DNA ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: To identify the incidence of cutaneous injury in clinical nurses. METHOD: From Feb.1 to 28, 2005, 276 clinical nurses were surveyed by questionnaire. RESULTS: 1. Of the nurses, 53.6% had at least one incidence of cutaneous injury, and the mean number of injuries was 1.34. A higher incidence rate for cutaneous injury was found in nurses who were under the age of 25, unmarried and who had less than 3 years career experience. 2. The major causes of injury were syringe needles at 65.0%, and medical instrument were next followed by sharp objects or blades. The injuries occurred when the nurses were rearranging equipment after care (25.2%), taking blood samples (22.8%), separating syringes and needles (17.1%), during surgical operations (14.2%), and distribution of medications, treatments and recapping of needles (5.7% each). The hands were the most common body parts injured, and the most prevalent pathogens contaminating the instruments causing the injury were HBV, syphilis, HCV and HIV in that order. 3. Of the injured nurses, 77.9% did not report the accident and 25.8% did not receive any treatment because there were no pathogens, it was a bother or there was difficulty reporting the incident. CONCLUSION: To reduce cutaneous injuries, intensive training and supervision may be needed for those of nurses under the age of 25, unmarried and with less than 3 years career experience.
Hand ; HIV ; Human Body ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Needles ; Organization and Administration ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Single Person ; Syphilis ; Syringes