PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the predictors between the early and late postpartum period in parturient women. METHODS: The Subjects were 399 healthy postpartum women who visited the obstetric clinic at 5 hospitals for a routine check up after childbirth. They were divided into two groups: one was in the early postpartum period, the first three weeks after childbirth (n=107), the other was in the late postpartum period, four to six weeks after childbirth (n=292). The data were collected by using a self-report questionnaire from July to September, 2006. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 12.0 Win program. RESULTS: There were significant statistical differences in age and parity between the two groups. Postpartum fatigue was significantly predicted by postpartum depression and age in the early period, and postpartum depression, sleep satisfaction, and childcare stress in the late period. The mean scores of childcare stress and perceived infant difficulty in the late period were significantly higher than those of the early postpartum period. CONCLUSION: Postpartum depression was the most important predictor of postpartum fatigue regardless of the postpartum period. In addition, especially in the late period, sleep satisfaction and childcare stress were significant predictors of postpartum fatigue. Based on these results, primary nursing interventions for reducing postpartum fatigue should focus on postpartum depression management, and nursing interventions for increasing sleep satisfaction and decreasing childcare stress would be helpful for management of postpartum fatigue in parturient women in the late period.
Depression ; Depression, Postpartum ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Nursing ; Parity ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period* ; Primary Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study performed to identify the association between various nutritional indices including biochemical, anthropometric variables and mortality in Korean elderly. METHODS: Among a total of 151,000 subjects over 40 years of living in Jung-up district, 1051 was selected using a random cluster sample method. Between Dec 1996 and Feb 1997, they underwent the blood tests and anthropometric measurements. Three years later, on Dec 2000, we investigated the mortality of the 340 subjects that had been over 65 years at the enroll time. RESULTS: Of the 1051 subjects(M:F=410:641), 340 were over 65 years at the enroll time, 34(10%) had died by 3 years follow up. After adjustment of age and sex, decreased Hb, Hct, serum protein, albumin, increased serum creatinine were significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality(p<0.05) among the variables. Especially serum albumin remained strong predictors of mortality after cont rolling for other significant variables(RR=0.15, 95% CI=0.03-0.63, p=0.01). CONCLUSION: We confirmed the strong independent association with serum albumin and mortality in the rural community dwelling ambulatory elderly Koreans.
Aged* ; Creatinine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Mortality ; Nutrition Assessment ; Rural Population ; Serum Albumin

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to identify the difference in attitudes and knowledge between high school and college girls regarding sexual education. METHOD: Data was collected from questionnaires given to 99 high school girls and 110 college girls in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. RESULT: In middle school, the time given to sexual education influenced the students present knowledge of sexual education. The sources of sex education were friends, seniors and mass media. The score for sexual knowledge in high school girls was 12.78 and for college girls 24.19. The field that obtained the highest score in territorial sexual knowledge was 'reproductive physiology' in the high school girls. There was little awareness of venereal disease, AIDS, contraception. Sexual attitudes among college girls was more open than that of high school girls. There was a positive correlation between sexual knowledge and attitudes(r=.535, p<.001). The significant difference of items were residence and sexual experience(p<.001). CONCLUSION: This study was shown that realistic knowledge teaching of venereal diseases, contraception and AIDS should be included in planning of sexual education programs. Specially, the groups had sexual experience and college girls in the dormitory will need more specific teaching.
Contraception ; Education ; Female* ; Friends ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Seoul ; Sex Education ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of subjective, objective knowledge and educational need about contraceptives according to sex in college students. METHODS: Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire from 84 male and 111 female college students on May, 2008. PASW 18.0 program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: There were significant differences in age, major, grade, place of residence, and experience of sexual intercourse between male and female college students. There was a significant difference in objective knowledge about contraceptives between the two groups, but no significant difference in subjective knowledge. The positive correlation was shown between subjective and objective knowledge about contraceptives. Even when demographic variables such as age, major, grade, place of residence, and experience of sexual intercourse were controlled, sex was a significant influencing factor on subjective and objective knowledge about contraceptives. Educational need about emergency contraceptive pills was significantly different and ranking of educational need about contraceptives was also different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that different education programs according to sex are needed to maximize the effect of contraceptive education and sexual characteristics are considered to give an education to college students.
Coitus ; Contraceptive Agents ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Male ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify differences in stress levels and stress coping strategies according to the degree of emotional intelligence in nursing students. METHOD: Study participants included 367 nursing students from three universities in Gyeonggi and Chungnam provinces. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire in December 2012 and subsequently analyzed via the IBM SPSS 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe tests. RESULTS: The emotional intelligence of nursing students was slightly higher than average. Perceived stress and clinical practice stress among nursing students were high and nursing students used more problem-focused compared to emotion-focused coping strategies. Nursing students who had a higher level of emotional intelligence exhibited lower levels of perceived stress (t=2.26, p=.025) and clinical practice stress (t=9.37, p<.001) and more used problem-focused coping strategies (t=-7.56, p<.001) than those who had a lower level of emotional intelligence. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that nursing interventions to improve the emotional intelligence of nursing students are necessary to manage stress more effectively.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Emotional Intelligence* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students, Nursing*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing maternal identity of Korean primiparas. METHODS: The data were collected by a self-report questionnaire in 2006. The participants were 210 healthy primiparous women who delivered at one of three medical centers and revisited the outpatient department for follow up between 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth. Data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 17.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Maternal identity was significantly correlated with Taekyo accomplishment, the culturally based prenatal preparation (p<.001). Transitional gratification to motherhood (p<.001), postpartum depression (p<.001), childcare stress (p<.001), infant temperament (p<.001), and social support (p<.001) were also significantly correlated with maternal identity. The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that maternal identity was significantly predicted by transitional gratification to motherhood, infant temperament, childcare stress, and Taekyo accomplishment. These variables explained 31.0% of the variance of maternal identity. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that postpartum nursing interventions to promote maternal identity should focus on reinforcing education and support for reducing childcare stress and infant difficulty, and increasing transitional gratification to motherhood. Also, prenatal encouragement and education for improving Taekyo accomplishment may be helpful to promote maternal identity after birth.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Depression, Postpartum ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; *Maternal Behavior ; Maternal-Fetal Relations ; Parturition ; Questionnaires ; Regression Analysis ; Republic of Korea ; Self Concept ; Social Support ; Stress, Psychological ; Temperament

PURPOSE: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of becoming a mother after child-birth of Chinese immigrant women in Korea. METHODS: Ten Chinese immigrant women were recruited from multi-cultural center in the metropolitan area. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interview from July 2015 to May in 2016. Interview was conducted until the data were theoretically saturated. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with the data collection, and the contents of the interview were analyzed according to the Corbin and Strauss' grounded theory method. RESULTS: In total, 36 concepts were produced through the analysis, and similar concepts were combined to derive 16 categories. Based on the relation between the categories, the core category is analysed as ‘becoming culture integrating mothers’. The attainment process from this procedural approach are described as cultural intimidated stage, cultural conflicting stage, cultural cooperating stage, cultural integrating stage. There are three types of ‘becoming cultural integrating mothers’, integrating type, conflicting type, and intimidated type. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it is suggested to develop the nursing intervention program including cultural sensitive education and consultation program for helping becoming a mother in each type of the Chinese immigrant women in Korea. In addition, nurse or nursing student education program to enhance the cultural sensitivity is also needed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Data Collection ; Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Female ; Grounded Theory* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Methods ; Mothers* ; Nursing ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing health behavior compliance in adult patients with moyamoya. Methods: A descriptive correlation study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing health behavior compliance. Participants were 142 adult patients diagnosed with moyamoya disease who were hospitalized or visited an outpatient clinic in the Gyeonggi province. Data were collected from December 16, 2019 to April 14, 2020 using self-report questionnaires and analyzed using the IBM SPSS 26.0 Win software. Results: The hierarchical multiple regression analysis demonstrated that self-efficacy (β = .60, p < .001), social support (β = .13, p = .032), and age (β = .21, p = .005) affected the health behavior of adults with moyamoya disease. These 3 variables explained 62.0% of the variance of health behavior compliance, and the most influential factor was self-efficacy. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it concludes that nursing interventions should be focused on self-efficacy and social support to improve health behavior compliance with adult patients diagnosed with moyamoya disease. For that, various strategies to enhance self-efficacy and social support should be developed and actively applied in the clinical setting for adult moyamoya patients.