No abstract available.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.

Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is valuable tool to manage balance problem in various kinds of diseases. Over the last decades, numerous studies on the effect of VR have been reported. Recently, systematic analysis integrating the individual studies have been tried and the results suggest that VR is safe and effective management for the acute/chronic and unilateral/bilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction, and also for the elderly people. VR relieves dizziness and improves gaze stability, postural stability, parameters of gait, and activities of daily living. Currently released "Clinical practice guideline of VR on peripheral vestibular dysfunction" support and assist the use of VR in clinical field. More research is needed to develop uniform evaluation tool to measure the symptomatic and functional status of the patients and individualized efficient rehabilitation programs. It is expected that device for VR incorporating new technologies such as virtual reality will be developed in near future.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Dizziness ; Gait ; Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Vertigo

Heterotopic pregnancy occurs when an intrauterine pregnancy co-exists with an ectopic pregnancy. It is a potentially fatal condition, rarely occuring in natural conception cycle. But its incidence is increased since the rise in PID, pelvic surgery, IUD, and advent of assisted reproductive technology involving use of superovulatory drugs and/or in vitro-fertilization. We present a case of intrauterine twin pregnancy and right tubal pregnancy following treatment with in vitro-fertilization. The right tubal pregnancy was diagnosed after rupturing at 6th gestational weeks, and resected via laparoscopy. And healthy twin babies were delivered without complication at 38th gestational week. So we report this case with a brief review of the literatures.
Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted

Tuberculous petrositis is a very rare disease. It is thought to be developed by a spread of tuberculous infection from the middle ear or pneumatized air cells of mastoid. We report a patient with tuberculous petrositis who complained persistent headache after previous tympanomastoid surgery. The classic symptoms of petrositis (Gradenigo's syndrome) were absent, but the diagnosis of petrositis was made with CT, MRI and Ga-67 citrate scan. Revision surgery including infracochlear drainage of the petrous apex was performed, and the pathologic report revealed a tuberculous infection.
Citric Acid ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Ear, Middle ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastoid ; Petrositis* ; Petrous Bone ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculosis

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma with a high rate of metastasis. MCC is rarely suspected during clinical examination, thus requiring biopsy to establish a pathologic diagnosis. In addition, MCC sometimes occurs in double primary cancers. Although there have been reviews on double primary cancers, only a few cases involving MCC have been described. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with a diagnosis of earlobe MCC following an excisional biopsy performed by another clinic. Further evaluation, including chest imaging, revealed a mass in the lung. The patient underwent a wide excision of the right earlobe, and video-assisted thoracic surgery on the lung. Pathology confirmed MCC in the right earlobe and adenocarcinoma in the lung. The patient underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Up to this point, 3 years after the surgery, there has been no evidence of recurrence.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma with a high rate of metastasis. MCC is rarely suspected during clinical examination, thus requiring biopsy to establish a pathologic diagnosis. In addition, MCC sometimes occurs in double primary cancers. Although there have been reviews on double primary cancers, only a few cases involving MCC have been described. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with a diagnosis of earlobe MCC following an excisional biopsy performed by another clinic. Further evaluation, including chest imaging, revealed a mass in the lung. The patient underwent a wide excision of the right earlobe, and video-assisted thoracic surgery on the lung. Pathology confirmed MCC in the right earlobe and adenocarcinoma in the lung. The patient underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Up to this point, 3 years after the surgery, there has been no evidence of recurrence.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma with a high rate of metastasis. MCC is rarely suspected during clinical examination, thus requiring biopsy to establish a pathologic diagnosis. In addition, MCC sometimes occurs in double primary cancers. Although there have been reviews on double primary cancers, only a few cases involving MCC have been described. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with a diagnosis of earlobe MCC following an excisional biopsy performed by another clinic. Further evaluation, including chest imaging, revealed a mass in the lung. The patient underwent a wide excision of the right earlobe, and video-assisted thoracic surgery on the lung. Pathology confirmed MCC in the right earlobe and adenocarcinoma in the lung. The patient underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Up to this point, 3 years after the surgery, there has been no evidence of recurrence.

PURPOSE: To compare the effect of breast milk containing fortifier with preterm formula on bone mineral metabolism in premature infants, we evaluated the state of bone mineralization, biochemical alteration and the frequency of rickets during the first five months of life. METHODS: Fourteen fortified breast milk-fed infants and eleven preterm formula-fed infants who were born at Il-Sin Christian Hospital from August, 1996 through July, 1997, were studied. The breast milk-fed group received human milk fortifier. The intake of Ca, P, Mg, protein, and fat was calculated at one month of age. Birth weight and weight at one, two and five months of age were measured. Serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase and 25-hydroxyvitamine D were measured at one month of age, and the wrist received X-ray examinations monthly. Total body bone mineral content was measured by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar WI) at two and five months of age. RESULTS: The two groups were similar in birth weight, gestational age, and weight at one, two and five months of age. Enteral Ca, P, protein, Mg, and fat intake, and urinary excretion of Ca, P were similar among the two groups. Serum Ca, P, ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were not different. Occurrence of rickets and bone mineral content were similar among the two groups. CONCLUSION: Fortified breast milk-fed infants and preterm formula-fed infants showed no difference in total body bone mineral content and occurrence of rickets. Ultimately, we could enhance the advantage of breast milk fed to premature infants by adding fortifier.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Birth Weight ; Bone Density ; Breast ; Calcification, Physiologic ; Gestational Age ; Humans* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Metabolism* ; Milk, Human* ; Rickets* ; Wrist

PURPOSE: The elbow joint is one of the most stable joints. Dislocation and fracture can occur in elbow joint most commonly next to shoulder joint. Various injuries can occur according to generated mechanism, age of patient and impact. Despite proper treatment, various complications can occur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe etiology and treatment of these complications after elbow trauma such as stiffness, instability and heterotopic ossification. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Malunion, nonunion and traumatic arthritis are addressed as a possible complication after fracture around elbow joint.
Arthritis ; Dislocations ; Elbow ; Elbow Joint ; Humans ; Joints ; Shoulder Joint