The inhibitory effect of rice(Oryza sartiva L., illpumbyeo) against mutagenicity induced by tryptophan pyrolysates were investigated using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. Both methanol extracts of obtained from brown and white rice were found to possess strong activites of inhibiting the mutagenicities of 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyriod[4,3-b]indol(Trp-P-1) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indol(Trp-P-2) on Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. As the concentration of methanol extract increased, inhibitory effect on mutagenicity increased but reached at steady state as inhibition rate of 90% when the concentration was above 10mg/plate. There was no significant difference(p>0.05) in inhibitory effect of methanol extracts between brown and white rice against tryptophan pyrolysates.
Methanol ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Tryptophan*

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between dental hygiene students’ empathy, interpersonal skills, and clinical practice stress, and to improve the system and skills necessary in the clinical practice process so that individuals can adapt to and perform their duties as dental hygienists in the future. Methods: From the date of approval until August 30, 2022, dental hygiene students who have experienced clinical practice were conveniently extracted. The sample size was was determined with G*power 3.1.9.7 program and 190 participants were included in the final analysis. Data analysis used the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 program. Results: Factors affecting clinical practice stress were found to be significantly related to empathic concern and personal distress, which are sub-factors of empathy, and the explanatory power was 19.7%. Conclusions Based on the above findings, in order to reduce dental hygiene students’ clinical practice stress and improve their interpersonal skills and empathy, it is necessary to provide a systematic program tailored to the student level, and further, to improve the quality of clinical practice education through industry-academia cooperation.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among emotional labor, grit, and job satisfaction of pediatric nurses and factors affecting job satisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 137 pediatric nurses working in a general hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from January 1, 2022 to January 31. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN version 28.0.1.1. Results: The mean score of job satisfaction was 3.63±0.43 (out of 5), emotional labor was 3.70±0.39 (out of 5), and grit was 2.90±0.30 (out of 4). Job satisfaction had positively correlated with emotional labor (r=.27, p=.002) and grit (r=.65, p<.001). The regression analyses showed subcategories of grit had a significant influence on job satisfaction. The factors significantly affecting job satisfaction were persistence to achieve long-term goals (β=.39, p<.001), patient-oriented intrinsic motivation (β=.30, p<.001), and passion to become a nursing professional (β=.21, p=.004). Conclusion These results suggested a need to increase grit for improving the job satisfaction. Furthermore, it would be necessary to develop a diverse program to increase job satisfaction for pediatric nurses by improving grit.

Purpose: Medication adherence in older adults with multimorbidity is critical for self-care. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the factors that influence medication adherence in older adults with multimorbidity. Methods: The patients were 116 adults 65 or older with three or more chronic diseases. The data were collected from December 2020 to April 2022 in outpatient clinics at a hospital in Daejeon. Results: The mean scores of depression, social support, and medication adherence were 16.18 ± 6.74 (of 30), 41.06 ± 6.56 (of 60), and 4.69 ± 1.85 (of 8) points, respectively. Patients with low adherence comprised the most with 75 patients (64.7%). Influencing factors on medication adherence were depression (β = -.35, p = .007) and family support among social support (β = .29, p = .006). Conclusion Among older adults with multimorbidity, lower depression as well as higher family support, results in higher medication adherence. It is necessary to develop a practical strategy toward improving medication adherence, by sensitively managing the degree of depression, as well as strengthening family support.

Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI), also known as diabetic myonecrosis, is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus (DM); hence, it is often underdiagnosed. Thus, timely diagnosis and treatment are essential for a better prognosis. We describe a 24-year-old woman with Prader-Willi syndrome and an 8-year history of uncontrolled type 2 DM, who presented with a sudden onset of fever and subacute painful swelling of her left thigh. She was finally diagnosed with DMI based on magnetic resonance imaging and muscle biopsy after excluding other infectious and inflammatory diseases of proximal muscles. The patient was treated with bed rest, strict glycemic control, and analgesics, and her symptoms gradually resolved. DMI should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with poorly controlled DM, who present with subacute pain and swelling of lower extremity muscles, without a history of trauma.

Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI), also known as diabetic myonecrosis, is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus (DM); hence, it is often underdiagnosed. Thus, timely diagnosis and treatment are essential for a better prognosis. We describe a 24-year-old woman with Prader-Willi syndrome and an 8-year history of uncontrolled type 2 DM, who presented with a sudden onset of fever and subacute painful swelling of her left thigh. She was finally diagnosed with DMI based on magnetic resonance imaging and muscle biopsy after excluding other infectious and inflammatory diseases of proximal muscles. The patient was treated with bed rest, strict glycemic control, and analgesics, and her symptoms gradually resolved. DMI should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with poorly controlled DM, who present with subacute pain and swelling of lower extremity muscles, without a history of trauma.

PURPOSE: Surgeons serve one of the most challenging and stressful professions. Ineffective control of occupational stress leads to burnout of the surgeon. The aim of this study was to obtain preliminary data on the sources and the degree of stress of surgeons and to determine the feasibility of the survey. METHODS: A total of 63 surgeons in our three affiliated hospitals were enrolled in this study. Fifty-five questions were used to assess the demographics, characteristics and Korean occupational stress scale (KOSS), which were prepared and validated by the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress. RESULTS: Forty-seven of the 63 surgeons participated in this study (74.6%). The mean KOSS score of the survey was 50.9 +/- 8.55, which was significantly higher than that of other professions (P < 0.01). Drinking and smoking habits were not related to the KOSS score. Doing exercise was related to a low KOSS score in terms of low KOSS total score (P < 0.01). Average duty hours (P < 0.01) and night duty days per week (P = 0.01) were strongly related to higher KOSS in the linear regression analysis. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to evaluate job stress of surgeons in Korea. This study showed that Korean Surgeons had higher occupational stress than other Korean professions. A larger study based on this pilot study will help generate objective data for occupational stress of Korean Surgeons by performing a survey of the members of the Korean Surgical Society.
Demography ; Drinking ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Pilot Projects ; Smoke ; Smoking

Arterial and cardiac involvement of Behcet's disease is a rare but life threatening complication. The rupture of an arterial aneurysm might result in sudden death. We report a 54-year-old man with an established diagnosis of Behcet's disease who presented with multiple cardiovascular complications that eventually lead to his death. He presented with extensive venous occlusions, and sequentially developed right ventricular thrombosis with multiple pulmonary thromboembolisms, and a pulmonary artery aneurysm. We report this unusual sequence of cardiovascular complications in a patient with Behcet's disease.
Aneurysm, Dissecting/*etiology ; Behcet Syndrome/*complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/ultrasonography ; Fatal Outcome ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Artery/*pathology ; Pulmonary Embolism/*etiology ; Risk Factors ; Rupture/etiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Melanocytic nevus may be histologically associated with cleft of nests resembling vascular space. This pseudovascular space mainly has been known as an artifact of tissue processing and may simulate the lymphatic invasion of malignant melanoma. It is important to be aware of this histologic variant in melanocytic nevus to prevent the misdiagnosis. We report a 38-year-old female who had a melanocytic nevus on her back since childhood. This nevus gradually enlarged with erythematous swollen border for several months. Histopathologic examination represented an intradermal melanocytic nevus. Nevus cell nests were clustered in the dermis and vascular-like spaces were seen in the nevus cell nests. Immunohistochemical staining showed that cells lining the pseudovascular space were positive for S-100 protein and negative for smooth muscle actin, factor VIII-related antigen, and CD34. We conclude that these spaces are lined by nevomelanocytes and that the spaces are not truly vascular.
Actins ; Adult ; Artifacts ; Dermis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nevus ; Nevus, Intradermal* ; Nevus, Pigmented ; S100 Proteins ; von Willebrand Factor

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a pulmonary disorder that exhibits various radiographic findings. It often shows bilateral, patched, or ground glass interstitial infiltrate, but a solitary nodular pattern rarely appears. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy suffering from BOOP that showed a single nodular pattern of the lung in the chest radiography. We conclude that when there is a solitary nodule discovered in the lungs of children or adolescence, the differential diagnosis must include BOOP.
Adolescent ; Bronchiolitis ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; Child ; Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Glass ; Humans ; Lung ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; Stress, Psychological ; Thorax