No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Microbubbles*

No abstract available.
Colloid Cysts* ; Colloids* ; Lateral Ventricles*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Phototherapy* ; Riboflavin*

Secondary tumor of the stomach is rare when metastatic involvement is defined as an extragastric tumor invading the muscularis, submucosa or mucosa and the only serosal implant is excluded. Recently, authors experienced a case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach in the pyloric antrum from the uterine cervix. The patient was a 57-year-old female who received a simplified Wertheim's operation followed by irradiation for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in stage IIb, and 2-1/2 years later she presented gastric symptoms, for which subtotal gastrectomy was carried out. The gastric lesion simulated primary adenocarcinoma of Borrmann type III, but differed in the following macroscopic characteristics. Firstly, Bormann classification is not applicable; secondly, mucosal ulcerations appear irregular and multicentric; thirdly, flaskshaped ulceration and broad based penetration are evidet; fourthly, submucosal tumor-growth pattern is conspicuous in bulk of areas; and fifthly, circumferential/semicircumferential growth is manifested. The above features should also be differentiated from those of malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature

Formaldehyde and its derivatives are used to improve the wet strength, waterresistance, shrink-resistance, grease-resistance and other characteristics of paper and. paper products. We have recently analyzed 78 different kinds of paper sources which are being used in Korea by the lutidine method. The forma.ldehyde concentrations of the most paper sources were under 50 ug/gm ranges except 4 copying paper sources which were in the 50 to 100 ug/gm ranges.
Formaldehyde* ; Korea

PURPOSE: This study is designed to find out the clinical characteristics, growth status, and response to growth hormone treatment in children with organic growth hormone deficiency(GHD) after treatment of brain tumors. METHODS: Fifty-three children with organic GHD were evaluated for pituitary function, serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) concentrations. We also observed their growth status and corresponding change with or without growth hormone treatment. RESULTS: The causes of organic GHD were craniopharyngioma(47%), germinoma (19%), and medulloblastoma(17%), and 18 children(35%), diagnosed with brain tumors, presented with symptoms suggesting hormonal deficit. Initial height was -2.5+/-.2 SDS in craniopharyngioma, -1.7+/-.1 SDS in germinoma, and -2.1+/-.6 SDS in medulloblastoma, and children with craniopharyngioma showed the highest obesity rate, at 21.4+/-9.3%. After treatment for brain tumors, children with craniopharyngioma had the lowest values of peak GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 concentrations, which were 1.1+/-.3 ng/mL, 74.1+/-6.6 ng/mL(-1.7+/-.2 SDS), and 1.9+/-.0 mg/L(-2.0+/-.1 SDS) respectively. The numbers of deficient hormones increased from 2.4+/-.1 to 3.2+/-.2 after treatment of brain tumors(P<0.05). Nine children showed normal or accelerated growth velocity(growth velocity 7.0+/-.8 cm/yr) without GH replacement and they had higher body mass index(BMI), IGF-1 concentrations, and IGFBP-3 SDS(P<0.05) compared to the others(growth velocity 1.9+/-.9 cm/yr). Height SDS increased every year during the first three years of GH treatment(P<0.05), 0.5+/-.4 SDS(n=20) for the first year, 0.4+/-.4 SDS(n=14) for the second, and 0.3+/-.5 SDS(n=11) for the third, and it increased by 1.1+/-.9 SDS(n=11) in total. CONCLUSION: The numbers of deficient pituitary hormones were increased after operation, irradiation, and/or chemotherapy. Children with GHD showed good response to GH replacement. Some children grew normally in spite of growth hormone deficiency, and their BMI, serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 SDS were increased compared to those of the decreased growth group. This study suggests that further studies are needed to determine the mechanism of growth with low GH concentrations.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Child* ; Craniopharyngioma ; Drug Therapy ; Germinoma ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Medulloblastoma ; Obesity ; Pituitary Hormones

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia in human hypertension and in various animal models of hypertension may be due to abnormal maximal coronary vasodilator reserve and disturbaces of coronary vasomotion. The vascular reactivity defects in hypertension have been associated with the defective endothelium and sympathetic neural activation. However, such abnormalities in hypertension need to be elucidated. In the present study the effectsof cardiac ischemia reperfusion on coronary circulation, intramyocytic adenylates and purine nucleosides were examined in Langendorff-perfused Sprague Dawley rat (SD) and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. Coronary venous and cardiac lactate and cardiac pyruvate were also measured. It should be noted that in the regulation of coronary flow the intrinsic flow autoregulation is highly variable due to coexisting metabolic flow control, and that natural coronary flow and cardiomyocytic energy state are normally reciprocally related in perfused heart. METHODS: For the Langendorff heart perfusion, bicarbonate perfusion buffer (pH 7.40+/-0.02,37degrees C) was equilibrated with 95% O2 : 5% CO2 and contained 5mM glucose (+5U/1 insulin) and 2mM pyruvate as energy-yielding substrates. Global hypoperfusion ischemia was induced by lowering coronary perfusion pressure of 100 to 40 cmH2O, followed by 20 min reperfusion. RESULTS: During the ischemia and reperfusion, metabolic acidosis and enhanced venous lactate output in SHR were observed with increases in coronary vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen consumption.In addition, coronary reactive hyperemia during reperfusion was depressed. Although ischemia-induced increase in combined adenosine plus inosine were abolished during prolonged reperfusion, SD still exhibited coronary vasodilation. The depressed reactive hyperemia in SHR was associated with decreases in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pool and creatine phosphate/inorganic phosphate (CrP/Pi) ratio and an increase in cardiac lactate/pyruvate ratio. CONCLUSION: This abnormal vascular reactivity during ischemia and reperfusion in SHR may be in part due to an alteration in the cardiac energy state and hence to a mismatch between myocardial metabolic demand and supply.
Acidosis ; Adenosine ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Coronary Circulation ; Creatine ; Endothelium ; Glucose ; Heart* ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hypertension ; Inosine ; Ischemia ; Lactic Acid ; Models, Animal ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Oxygen ; Perfusion* ; Purine Nucleosides ; Pyruvic Acid ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Reperfusion ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasodilation

This study was undertaken to investigate the optimal conditions for challenge testing with DNCB in 3 vehicles applied to guinea pigs in standardized amount/ area (pg/cm2) The results are sumrnarized as follows: 1) All test reactions were negative when tested in 10 unsensitized animals. 2) There were significant difference in positive rate between 0. 05%, DNCB in alcohol and 0.1% DNCB in alcohol, but there were no significant difference between 0. l%, DNCB in alcohol and 0, 2% DNCB in alcohol. Same results were obtaincd when DNCR was dissolved in acetone. 3) Acetone gives the significantly higher degree of positive reactions, indicating that alcohol may be the safer vehicle in eliciting a response than acetone. 4) With DNCB in olive oil, relatively few animals reacted compared to the results obtained with alcohol and acetone. Furthermore, olive oil is slippery and difficult to utilize when attempting to delineate surface area. 5) With alcohol, we obtained a good correlation between the amount applied and the resulting response, showing that this vehicle might be a superior vehicle in eliciting contact allergy.
Acetone ; Animals ; Dinitrochlorobenzene* ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Hypersensitivity* ; Olea ; Olive Oil

The fetal hemoglobin, which is structurally different from adult hemoglobin, has higher affinity for oxygen and higher resistance to denaturation with alkali than adult hemoglobin. Intrauterine growth retarded neonates have higher mortality and morbidity than normal neonates. In this article, to determine the changes of fetal hemoglobin by gestational age in infants appropriate in weight for gestational age (AGA)and to explain the mechanism underlying the increased fetal hemoglobin synthesis in intrauterine growth retarded newborn infants, the proportion of fetal hemoglobin and adult hemoglobin at birth and 1 month of age was checked in 25term infants small for gestational age(TSGA). The results were compared with 50 preterm infants appropriate in weight for gestational age (paga) and 40 term infants appropriate in weight for gestational age (TAGA). The results were as forllows. 1)The decrease of fetal hemoglobin by gestational age in infants of AGA at birth was statistically significant (p<0.01). 2) The fetal hemoglobin at birth was 74.47+/-2.4%n the TSGA group, 78.01+/-5.05% in the PAGA group and 68.32+/-4.84% in the TAGA group. The differnce between each group was statistically significant (p<0.01). 3) The fetal hemoglobin at one month of age was 55.68+/-3.76% in the TSGA group, 35.74 (13.33%in the PAGA group and 59.96+/-5.53% in the TAGA group. The difference between TSGA and TAGA infants was not significant (p>0.05). 4) The decrese rate of fetal hemoglobin between first day and one month of postantal age was 54.2% in the PAGA infants, 25.2% in the TSGA infants and 12.2% in the TAGA infants. 5) The fetal hemoglobin at forty weeks of postconceptional age was 13.20+/-5.09%in the transfused PAGA group, 62.34+/-3.01% in the nontransfused PAGA group, 64.08+/-2.08% in the TSGA group and 68.32+/-4.12% in the TAGA infants. The difference between transfused PAGA group and other groups was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Adult ; Alkalies ; Fetal Hemoglobin* ; Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Mortality ; Oxygen ; Parturition