No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Cardiomyopathies* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) nasal carriage in Korean children attending day care centers. METHODS: During September and October 2009, a survey for nasal carriage of S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was conducted among children attending day care centers located in Seoul with questionnaire survey for evaluation of risk factors of acquisition of MRSA was obtained from their guardians. A culture of the anterior nares swabs using enrichment broth was executed for isolating S. aureus and oxacillin susceptibility was assessed by the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Out of the 428 children enrolled whose mean age was 55 months old, 163 (38.1%) were colonized with S. aureus. Of the 163 isolates, 40 (24.5%) were MRSA. The nasal carriage rate of S. aureus showed an increasing trend with increase of age. Based on the answer to the questionnaire, 9.2% and 3.6% of children had a recent history of hospitalization and surgery, respectively, and approximately 40% of children had a history of prescription of antibiotics within 1 year prior to enrollment. Of the 428 subjects, 40 (9.3%) were MRSA nasal carriers. CONCLUSION: S. aureus and MRSA carriage rate of children attending day care center in Korea was 38.1% and 9.3%, respectively. Continued surveillance for nasal carriage rate of S. aureus and MRSA (especially community-associated MRSA) is mandatory.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Colon ; Day Care, Medical ; Diffusion ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Oxacillin ; Prescriptions ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus

No abstract available.
Hypopituitarism* ; Hypothyroidism*

Lung cancer is representative of a high frequency and high mortality disease and ranks at the top in incidence and mortality in Korea, when excluding thyroid cancer. In this manuscript, we focused on current targeted therapies for lung cancer used widely in the medical field.Current Concepts: The majority of patients with lung cancer cannot be treated with surgery only and require chemotherapeutics or radiation therapy. Currently, classical chemotherapeutic agents, targeted agents, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most widely used. Recently, the Research and Development of antibody-drug conjugates is gaining attention, and this may become a more widely prescribed treatment in the future. Among the available treatment options, targeted therapy is becoming increasingly feasible and widespread for treating inoperable lung cancers, where driver mutations have been identified, and for adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) improves the ability to identify driver mutations that were previously difficult to detect and can also be performed on blood samples where no cancer tissue is available for testing. This makes it possible to identify therapeutic targets for targeted therapy more rapidly.Discussion and Conclusion: The most common type of lung cancer in Korea is adenocarcinoma, for which a driver mutation has been identified. Newly developed drugs target previously problematic mutations or cancer cell lines that have acquired resistance induced during the treatment process. The survival rate of patients with lung cancer is expected to improve with the development of tailored treatments for targets identified from the NGS data of the patient. This paper will help clinicians understand the current state of targeted therapies for lung cancer treatment.

Chronic fatigue of the respiratory muscles has contributed to the decreased ventilatory capacity and reduced excercise tolerance of individuals with COPD, especially in kyphoscoliosis. Nasal mask BiPAP has been shown to be useful for the patient with nocturnal muscle fatigue and COPD. A 35-year-old man with severe kyphoscoliosis was admitted to ICU due to acute respiratory failure. He had been diagnosed of COPD and had been intubated with mechanical ventilatory support for 7 times. This time he was intubated with ventilatory support, too, in ICU and readmitted to the ICU for severe hypoxemia and hypercarbia from general ward. Thereafter he refused the intubation. Nasal mask BiPAP ventilatory support system was applied and IPAP, EPAP level being adjusted to the 12, 4 cmH2O under monitoring vital signs and arterial blood gas analysis. His condition was improved and discharged home with support of nasal mask BiPAP system after 33 day-stay in the ICU.
Adult ; Anoxia ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Intubation ; Masks* ; Muscle Fatigue ; Patients' Rooms ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Muscles ; Vital Signs

A neoplasm of the small intestine is a very rare disease when the length and surface of the total GI tract are considered. Of these neoplasms, hemangiomas are exceedingly rare, and accounts for only 3 to 4% of all benign tumors of the small intestine. Most patients with a hemangioma present with anemia, due to the tendency for diffuse mucosal bleeding, but rarely with the symptoms and signs of an intestinal obstruction. As with other small intestine tumors, the causes of obstructions are intussusception and luminal obliteration by tumor in-growth. Herein, the case of a female with intussusception caused by an ileal hemangioma is reported.
Anemia ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemangioma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small ; Intussusception* ; Phenobarbital ; Rare Diseases

Stenotic myelopathy due to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament or degenerative spondylosis compresses the spinal cord and produces pain, motor weakness, sensory change, spasticity by several factors such as direct compression, vascular factor, mechanical factors. Chronic compression of spinal cord causes a ischemic change of spinal cord and cord atrophy. In this condition, only decompression of cord with wide decompressive laminectomy or expansive laminoplasty initially can expect mild improvement of clinical conditions of cord compression, but it cannot improve the irreversible ischemic change or atrophy of cord. Omentum in peritoneal cavity has food blood supply and has lipid angiogenic factors proven by experimental study. Using these characteristics omentum transposition to spinal cord in chronic spinal cord injured patients have been tried. Authors tried the omentum-spinal transposition after wide decompressive laminectomy in three cases of severe nontraumatic spinal stenotic myelopathy and experienced the marked clinical improvement in one case of them. Operative thechniques were introduced and literatures were reviewed.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Atrophy ; Decompression ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Muscle Spasticity ; Omentum ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases* ; Spondylosis

No abstract available.
Humans

Cystic hepatocellular carcinoma is unusal, and visualization of the cystic components within hepatic mass lesion have suggested that the lesions were metastatic tumors, primary cystic tumors such as biliary cystadenocarcinoma or cystic papillary cholangiocarcinoma. Although hepatic lesions can be well characterized by noninvasive imaging modalities, findings are often nonspecific. Even for cystic hepatic lesions a considerable diagnostic differential exists. The diagnosis of cystic hepatocellular carcinoma was difficult before the microscopic examination of the biopsy speciemen because of very rare. Then we report an unusual of cystic hepatocellular carcinoma without liver cirrhosis.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Liver Cirrhosis

To achieve optimal decalcification in tissue and tissue preservation, we have tried magnetic field method and made some promising results. We used pulsed unipolar magnetic field obtained by rectification of 250 V-60 cycle, A.C. As a new method of bony decalcification, using 5% nitric acid, 10% formic acid and 10% formic acid+3% hydrochloric acid solutions, experimental groups were decalcified in the center of the magnetic field. The concentration of calcium ion in the decalcifying solution was measured by calcium-oxalate turbidity test by photometry method, and direct visualization of calcium radiopacity was obtained by soft X-ray view during the decalcification process. The pH change during decalcification was continuously checked and needle penetration method was also used. All the decalcification solution used in this study showed accelerated effect of bony decalcification in the strong magnetic field. Among them 5% nitric acid produced complete decalcification for the medium size bony specimen (less than 10x10x10 mm) within 24 hours, and the histologic feature was almost free of acid-chemical degeneration. The pH of all the decalcification solutions decreased in the strong magnetic field, maximum within 4~6 hours, and kept strong acidity throughout the decalcification procedure. After removal of the magnetic field the pH of all the decalcification solution returned to their original values after 24 hours. It was presumed that the cause of the accelerated decalcification in the magnetic field was due to combined effects of the rapid increase of acidity and the increased molecular resonance to stimulate the ionization of mineral elements.