BACKGROUND: The interest of medicine was moved from disease treatment to disease prevention and health promotion. Especially, there has been marked increased interest in health promotion recently. Perception and health behaviors held or acquired during medical training can influence the acceptance and prevention strategies. This exploratory study surveyed medical and non-medical student to assess both preventive health behaviors and perception, to find relations of personal behaviors and corresponding perception. METHODS: This survey were conducted 140 medical students and 131 non-medical students in one big city. Data were obtained by self-reported questionnaire. Weschler survey was adapted to assess perception toward preventive behavior, and Fantastic lifestyle was adapt,ed to assess health behavior. RESULTS: Among the questionnaire of perception of preventive behavior, quitting cigarette smoking ranked highest frequency as very important in medical student. In non-medical student, use seat-belt is ranked highest frequency. Mean score of FANTASTIC lifestyle is 29.98 in medical student, 28.86 in non-medical. The result show significant relationship between st,udent-reported behavior and corresponding perception in 6 qestionnaire that is eat breakfast, moderate or no alcohol use, eliminate smoking, use seat belt, limit coffee, get seven hours sleep. CONCLUSIONS: In comparing medical and non-medical students, health perception and health behavior were no significant difference. Overall, the result indicated that the preponderance of respondents that is engaging in health behaviors are high in health perception.
Breakfast ; Coffee ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Health Behavior* ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Life Style ; Seat Belts ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Students, Medical

Herpes zoster is not a common disease in healthy children. Neurologic complications can occur to herpes zoster patients but rare in immunocompetent children. It usually affects patients with immunocompromised or impaired cellular immunity. Aseptic meningitis is especially rare in the various neurologic complications that are induced by varicella-zoster virus. We experienced a case of herpes zoster meningitis in a previously healthy child.
Child ; Herpes Zoster* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Aseptic*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma-inhalation on depression, sleep, mood, and smell in stroke patients and their caregivers. METHOD: This study employed one group pretest-posttest repeated design. Data were collected at three time points: baseline(pre-test), 10 days and 20 days after the intervention(post-test1 and post-test2, respectively). The sample included a total of 23 subjects. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program using repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS: Depression was not statistically significant difference among pre-test, post-test1 and post-test2. Sleep was improved after intervention: 37.61+/-7.41(pre-test), 41.22+/-8.26 (post-test1), 44.33+/-7.67(post-test2)(F=8.182, p=.001). Mood was significantly improved after intervention: 16.95+/-4.89(pre-test), 14.89+/-6.31 (post-test1), 12.11+/-5.04(post-test2). Smell including smell perception, discomfort due to smell and relation between age and smell was significantly improved after intervention: 2.63+/-1.20(pre-test). 2.00+/-1.16(post-test1), 1.63+/-.96(post-test2)(F=6.176, p=.006) in smell perception, 2.50+/-1.10 (pre-test). 1.81+/-.91(post-test1), 1.19+/-.40(post-test2) (F=12.26, p=.000) in discomfort due to smell and 3.53+/-1.18(pre-test). 2.59+/-1.46(post-test1), 2.53+/-1.33(post-test2)(F=4.148, p=.025) in relation between age and smell. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that aroma-inhalation may have an effect on sleep, mood and smell and can be effective nursing intervention to increase the relaxation in stroke patients and their caregivers.
Aromatherapy* ; Caregivers* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Relaxation ; Smell* ; Stroke*

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), a rheumatic disease of unknown causes, is characterized by autoantibodies directed against self-antigens, resulting in inflammatory damages to target organs including kidney, blood-forming cells, and central nervous system. The prevalence rates are higher in Native Americans, Asians, Latin Americans and black people. A female to male ratio of approximately 2 : 1 occurs before puberty, and 4 : 1 after puberty. Children of SLE most frequently present with fever, fatigue, arthralgia or arthritis, and rashes. The diagnosis is confirmed by clinical and also laboratory manifestations satisfying at least 4 out of 11 criteria. A central nervous system is not rarely involved in children of SLE with the prevalence rate of 23-44%. However, cerebral infarcts are not a common phenomenon and can be seen only for 6% of children with SLE. There have been no cases reported in Korea. This is why we present a case of basal ganglia infarct associated with SLE in a 19-month old girl. We report this case with a brief review of related literature.
Adolescent ; Arthralgia ; Arthritis ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Autoantibodies ; Autoantigens ; Basal Ganglia* ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Fatigue ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Indians, North American ; Infant ; Kidney ; Korea ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Male ; Prevalence ; Puberty ; Rheumatic Diseases

Localized nodular myositis is an uncommon benign inflammatory myopathy of unkonwn cause affecting skeletal muscle and, presenting as a localized painful swelling within the soft tissue of an extremity. Histological examination reveals lymphocytic infiltration, scattered muscle fiber necrosis and regeneration, and interstitial fibrosis. MRI finding is an enhancement with increased signal intensity around the lesion. We report two cases of localized nodular myositis presenting as pseudothrobothrombophlebitis. We believe this is the first case report of localized nodular myositis in Korea.
Extremities ; Fibrosis ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myositis* ; Necrosis ; Regeneration

PURPOSE: The focal ossification of auricular cartilage is an unusual clinical entity in which the ear becomes partially or totally rigid and immalleable. This condition may result from cold injury, local trauma, inflammation, or various systemic diseases. Patients may feel mild discomfort, but there are usually no other serious symptoms. We present a case of focal ossification of auricular cartilage in which the cause is unknown. METHODS: A healthy 58-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of hard mass of right posterior auricular area. He denied any precipitating historical events like cold injury and inflammation. Routine testing did not demonstrate systemic abnormalities. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a 22 x 10 x 11 mm sized heterogenous isoechoic mass showing an acoustic shadow. RESULTS: Excisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia. Histological examination revealed the ossification with deposition of trabecular bone in normal elastic cartilage. The patient was healed without any problems and satisfied with the result. CONCLUSION: We report clinical experience of focal ossification of auricular cartilage, which is quite a rare clinical entity. It should be considered that there is the possibility of ossification of cartilage when it meets the benign mass of the ear.
Acoustics ; Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy ; Cartilage ; Cold Temperature ; Ear ; Ear Cartilage ; Elastic Cartilage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: To set up the methodology for PCR analysis of XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism of the factor VIII gene, and to identify the usefulness of XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism analysis for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A in the Korean population. DESIGN: A laboratory analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism of the factor VIII gene was analyzed in 56 unrelated Korean mothers of patients with severe hemophilia A, using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Analysis of XbaI/intron 22 polymorphisms of the factor VIII gene were feasible by PCR method. The expected heterozygosity rates of XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism of the factor VIII gene were 44.8%. Analysis of XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism revealed heterozygous patterns in 22 (39.3%) of 56 mothers studied. Using linkage analysis with XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism, we have attempted one case of carrier detection and two cases of prenatal diagnosis in two families of patients with severe hemophilia A. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PCR analysis of the XbaI/intron 22 polymorphism within the factor VIII gene is very useful in the carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A in the Korean population.
Diagnosis* ; DNA* ; Factor VIII ; Hemophilia A* ; Humans ; Molecular Biology* ; Mothers ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Prenatal Diagnosis

PURPOSE: Delayed hypersensitivity reaction can occur in a couple of hours to several days after injection of iodine-based contrast media (ICM). ICM-related delayed type hypersensitivity is not common but increasing as rapid growth of ICM use. Nevertheless, objective data on delayed type hypersensitivity are still scarce worldwide including Korea. This study was performed to investigate the clinical features of ICM-induced delayed hypersensitivity in Korean patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with delayed hypersensitivity to ICM from January 2009 to December 2012 at Seoul National University Hospital and analyzed the data to identify the clinical characteristics of these patients. RESULTS: A total of 44 cases were diagnosed as delayed-type hypersensitivity to ICM. The mean age was 54 years, and 70.5% were female. The mean number of previous ICM exposure was 3.8, and skin reactions were the most common symptoms. In 45% of patients, hypersensitivity reaction developed on the first exposure to ICM. Among the 27 patients exposed to ICM again, hypersensitivity reactions recurred in only 4 patients (14.8%). There was no difference of recurrence rate according to the use of premedication or the change in ICM. CONCLUSION: In this study, we observed a female predominance and a low recurrence rate in delayed hypersensitivity to ICM. Premedication and ICM change was not effective in preventing recurrence of delayed type reactions.
Contrast Media* ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Korea ; Premedication ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Skin

OBJECTIVES: Asian migrant workers in Korea have various ethnicities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in spirometric interpretation made using the set of third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) reference equations and the relevant ethnicity-specific reference sets. METHODS: Spirometry was performed on 166 migrant and 498 Korean male workers between March and November 2012. We analyzed the spirometric data of healthy never-smokers. Spirometric patterns were evaluated using the NHANES III reference set and some relevant ethnicity-specific equations (Eom's equation for Koreans, Ip's equation for East Asians, Crapo's equation for Central Asians, Memon's equation for South Asians, and Gnanou's equation for Southeast Asian people). RESULTS: In all migrant groups except the Central Asian group, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second percentage (FEV1%) and forced vital capacity percentage (FVC%) calculated using each of the ethnicity-specific reference equations considered were significantly higher than those calculated using the NHANES III reference set. This study showed that in the evaluation of the spirometric result of subjects from Southeast Asia or South Asia, the percentage of cases with an abnormal FEV1 or FVC increased when the NHANES III set of equations was used as compared to when the ethnicity-specific equations were used. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the spirometric results of all ethnic groups were higher and the composition of the abnormal spirometric result was lower when the ethnicity-specific reference equations were used instead of the NHANES III reference set.
Asia ; Asia, Southeastern ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Ethnic Groups ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Spirometry ; Transients and Migrants* ; Vital Capacity

We have undertaken this study to identify the usefulness of two variable dinucleotide tandem repeats within the factor VIII gene for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A in the Korean population. We have analyzed these polymorphisms in 50 unrelated Korean mothers of patients with severe hemophilia A, using polymerase chain reaction. The expected heterozygosity rates of the intron 13 and intron 22 dinucleotide repeats were 56% and 40%, respectively. Analysis of the intron 13 and intron 22 dinucleotide repeats revealed heterozygous patterns in 29(58%) and 17(34%) of 50 mothers studied, respectively. The combined overall informativity of the intron 13 and intron 22 dinucleotide repeats was 68%. Using linkage analysis with the intron 13 dinucleotide repeats, we have attempted three cases of carrier detection and two cases of prenatal diagnosis in two families of patients with severe hemophilia A. Two pregnant women were diagnosed as carriers, and the other patients as non-carrier Prenatal diagnosis revealed an unaffected male in one fetus, and an unaffected female in another fetus. This data demonstrated that the analysis of the intron 13 and intron 22 dinucleotide repeats very useful in the carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A in the Korean population.
Dinucleotide Repeats ; Factor VIII* ; Female ; Fetus ; Hemophilia A* ; Humans ; Introns ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mothers ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Tandem Repeat Sequences*