No abstract available.
Carbon Disulfide* ; Carbon* ; Korea*

The carpal tunnel syndromes is one of the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes. The typical symptoms are pain, numbness and paresthesia in the median nerve territory of the hand. Recently, it is widely recognized that occupational factor is regarded as the important cause of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Clinical study is performed in the 42 female workers who is repetitively working at packing department in a rayon manufacturing factory from November 1991 till March 1992. The study included a questionnaire, physical examinations, and the neurophysiological test. The summary of the results obtained was as follows: 1. Among 42 packing workers, 9 workers(21.4%) were diagnosed as carpal tunnel syndrome by electromyography. The affected side was bilateral in 4 workers(9.5%), right in 4 workers(9.5%), and left in one worker(2.4%). 2. Among 42 subjects, 28 workers(66.7%) complained the clinical symptoms related to carpal tunnel syndrome, 11 workers(26.2%) showed positive Phalen sign, and 7 workers(16.7%) showed positive Tinel sign. 3. Researchers regard electromyographic finding as the gold standard for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. The sensitivity and specificity of the clinical symptoms to diagnose the carpal tunnel syndrome were 0.89, 0.39 respectively. If the carpal tunnel syndrome is diagnosed by the combination of the positive findings of the symptoms and the physical examinations, either Tinel of Phalen sign, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.67 and 0.76 respectively. Considering above results, though this small number of worker is not adequate for epidemiologic conclusions, carpal tunnel syndrome seems to be an important occupational disorder among packing workers in a rayon manufacturing factory.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Median Nerve ; Occupations ; Paresthesia ; Peripheral Nerves ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Solvents*

No abstract available.
Oxidoreductases*

Herpes zoster is known to recur only rarely. However reports on the recurrence rates by various authors ranges from 0.l% to 8%. We have experienced 2 cases of recurrent herpes zoster in a 63-year-old female and a 62-year-old male who presented with typical clinical features and previous history of herpes zoster. They were suffering from breast cancer and Hodgkin's disease, respectively. By employing negative and positive staining methods of electron microscopy, typical herpes viral particles were demonstrated from the vesicular fluid.
Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Herpes Zoster* ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron* ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Virion

No abstract available.
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Growth Hormone* ; Prolactin* ; Rats*

This study was performed to observe the therapeutic effects of interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) and gamma-globulin(gamma-globulin) in experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia of immune suppressed mice. After 9 weeks, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMZ; 10-50 mg/mouse/day), mouse IFN-gamma(5 x 10(4) units/mouse/day) and mouse gamma-globulin(20 mg/mouse/day) were administered to the mice for 3 weeks by the experimental group. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by body weights, histopathologic and electron microscopic findings of the lungs, and number of P. carinii cysts by Gomori's methenamine silver stain. Body weights of the mice were significantly increased in the group of combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma or gamma-globulin, and in the group of TMP-SMZ treatment (p < 0.05), however, little effect was found in the group of gamma-globulin alone. Histopathologic findings of P. carinii pneumonia were much improved in the group of combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma. Treatment with either TMP-SMZ or IFN-gamma significantly reduced the number of cysts in the P. carinii pneumonia, but gamma-globulin alone was ineffective. In electron microscopic findings of P. carinii pneumonia, the number of trophozoites and cysts were reduced by treatment with either TMP-SMZ or IFN-gamma, and most of the cysts were empty or containing one or two intracystic bodies. The present results suggested, that combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma had synergistic effects in treatment of P. carinii pneumonia in experimental mice.
Drug-Synergism ; Drug-Therapy,-Combination ; English-Abstract ; Gamma-Globulins-administration-and-dosage ; Interferon-Type-II-administration-and-dosage ; Mice- ; Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Combination-administration-and-dosage ; *Gamma-Globulins-therapeutic-use ; *Interferon-Type-II-therapeutic-use ; *Pneumonia,-Pneumocystis-carinii-therapy ; Gamma-Globulins ; Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Combination ; Interferon-Type-II

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the risk factors predicting rehospitalization by comparing three models and selecting the most successful model. METHODS: In order to predict the risk of rehospitalization within 28 days after discharge, 11 951 inpatients were recruited into this study between January and December 2009. Predictive models were constructed with three methods, logistic regression analysis, a decision tree, and a neural network, and the models were compared and evaluated in light of their misclassification rate, root asymptotic standard error, lift chart, and receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: The decision tree was selected as the final model. The risk of rehospitalization was higher when the length of stay (LOS) was less than 2 days, route of admission was through the out-patient department (OPD), medical department was in internal medicine, 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases code was neoplasm, LOS was relatively shorter, and the frequency of OPD visit was greater. CONCLUSIONS: When a patient is to be discharged within 2 days, the appropriateness of discharge should be considered, with special concern of undiscovered complications and co-morbidities. In particular, if the patient is admitted through the OPD, any suspected disease should be appropriately examined and prompt outcomes of tests should be secured. Moreover, for patients of internal medicine practitioners, co-morbidity and complications caused by chronic illness should be given greater attention.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Decision Trees ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Models, Theoretical ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Readmission/*statistics & numerical data ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the major cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Prolonged untreated UTI associated with VUR may result in serious complications, such as renal scarring, renal atropy, and decreased renal function. Therefore, follow up must be continued until UTI is cured completely, to prevent of serious complication. The authors conducted this study to evaluate results of the follow-up of UTI associated with VUR. METHODS: During the period from March 1991 to July 1996, we had 47 children with urinary tract infection associated with vesicoureteral reflux who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics and Urology, Presbyterian Medical Center. The patients were managed medically or surgically. RESULTS: 1) There were no differences in sex distribution in the 47 cases with VUR. The intensity of 67 refluxing ureters, classified by the International Reflux Study Committee, grade I, 10 cases; grade II, 11 cases; grade III, 20 cases; grade IV, 17 cases; grade V, 9 cases. 2) The most common causative agent in UTI was E. coli. Fourty-six cases underwent ultrasonography and 24 showed abnormal findings. Fourty-four cases underwent a 99mTc-DMSA renal scan, and 25 showed abnormal findings. The incidence of renal scarring showed a direct correlation with the severity of VUR. 3) The incidence of urinary tract infection during follow-up did not differ between the groups medical management versus surgical management. 4) Fourty-four refluxing ureters were treated primary medically and 38 of them were followed up. Twenty-five of the 38 ureters were disappeared or improved, and 9 persisted. The rest showed aggravation of reflux. Twenty-five of the 32 refluxing ureters showed disappearance or improvement of reflux before 5 years of age, The spontaneous cure rate of vesicoureral reflux seemed to be higher in the cases with a milder grade of reflux. 5) Although refluxing ureter disappeared completely on VCUG, we found that follow-up is continued until the disappearance of reflux is confirmed on two serial VCUG. 6) Thirty-three refluxing ureters were treated surgically and one of them was stationary on follow-up VCUG, while the others were cleared. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of follow-up the 47 patients with VUR, the incidence of urinary tract infection did not differ between the groups medical versus surgical management. Rates of disappearance of VUR in medical and surgical management were 66%, 97%, respectively. The spontaneous cure rate of VUR seemed to be higher in the cases with a milder grade of reflux and before 5 years of age. We found that follow-up is continued until the disappearance of reflux is confirmed on two serial VCUG.
Child ; Cicatrix ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pediatrics ; Protestantism ; Sex Distribution ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Urology ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*