No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Intention* ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Haemophilus influenzae* ; Haemophilus*

Genetic and clinical observations were recorded on 16 patients with xeroderma pigmentosum, 14 of them having visited the Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, Korea from 1968 through 1982, and 3 of them having visited the Department of Dermatology, Chosun University Hospital located in the same city during same period(one patient was duplicated). Xeroderma pigmentosum was found to occur with a frequency higher than one in 183,000 births in Chonnam province, Korea. It waa recognized that xeroderma pigmentosum is a disease of autosomal recessive inheritance. The sex ratio of xeroderma pigmentosum was male to female l. 7 to 1. The age of onset was between 5 months and 10 years, and the age when the patients visited the hospital for the first time was 6 months and 25 years. The skin malignancies were observed in 9 patients, among which squamous cell carcinomas occurred in 6, basal cell carcinomas in 2, and actinic keratosis in l. The associated ocular abnormalities were photophobia in 4 patients, chalazion in 1, blepharoconjunctivitis in 1, pterygium in 1 and squamous cell carcinomas in 1. Only cerebral galsy as a neurological abnormality was observed in 1 patient.
Age of Onset ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Chalazion ; Dermatology ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Jeollanam-do ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Korea ; Male ; Parturition ; Photophobia ; Pterygium ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Wills ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum*

We report a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. A 13-year-old girl complained of abdominal mass and pain. The abdominal sonography revealed a well-demarcated huge mass, which was solid and multiseptated. Percutaneous fine needle aspiration was performed from the mass. The smears revealed moderate cellularity, which was arranged in sheets or clumps of pleomorphic malignant cells on mucoid background. The valuable characteristic features of tumor cells were papillary configuration, vacuolated cytoplasm and intracellular and extracellular hyaline globules. The diagnosis was confirmed later by histologic study of surgical resection of the specimen.
Adolescent ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Neurilemmoma ; Ovary ; S100 Proteins ; Urinoma*

T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma is characterized by immature lymphoid cells that are indistinguishable from the lymphoblasts and prolymphocytes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Several characteristic clinical features of lymphoblastic lymphoma, with include a high male-to-female ratio, a relatively high incidence in older children and young adults, the frequent presence of mediastinal involvement at the time of diagnosis. Also, this disease is rapidly progressive, and early dissemination to the bone marrow, blood, and central nervous system leads to the evolution of a picture resembling a acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We have experienced a rare case of congenital T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in which 1/365 year old female newborn had generalized multiple irregular protruding mass on her body. On bone marrow biopsy, CSF analysis, ultrasonogram and whole body MRI studies. We found metastasized tumor mass to, orbit, abdominal cavity, bulva, skin, and lower extremities. Histopathologically, specimen from mass on the right thigh showed diffuse infiltration of poorly differentiated and immature lymphoid cells in the skelectal muscle and subcutaneous soft tissue. By immunophenotyping studies using anti T cell and B cell monoclonal antibody, these cells were reactive with UCHL-1, MB2, but unreactive with MB1, L26. Based on these findings, the lesion was diagnosed as lymphoblastic lymphoma of the T-cell type, which occurred congenitally. Most T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma are noted, but congenital case was not reported. So we report it with a brief review of literature.
Abdominal Cavity ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphocytes ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbit ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thigh ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hepatitis C in blood donors have been reported to be 1.5% to 2.0% and 85 90% of post transfusion hepatitis patients show anti HCV positive results. Most agree that hepatitis C is readily spread by way of contact with blood, but a discernible history of parenteral exposure is identified in only 40% to 50% of cases. Thus other possible nonparenteral routes of transmission such as vertical, sexual and intrafamilial contact transmission need to be explored. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics of anti HCV seropositives and the infection patterns of hepatitis C in their families not only by anti HCV but also by HCV PCR to explore the possibility of HCV infection through nonparenteral household contact. METHODS: Past history, physical examination, liver function tests, HCV PCR, hepatitis B viral markers, abdominal ultrasonography and liver biopsy were done in 161 anti HCV seropositives from May, 1991 to August, 1996. Of the 161 seropositives, 42 seropositives' family members, 98 subjects, were available for investigation by anti HCV, HCV PCR and liver function tests to document intrafamilial HCV infection;their respective relationships to the index seropositive were noted. RESULTS: The 161 anti HCV seropositives were classified as follows:34 in the carrier group(21.1%), 41 in the acute hepatitis group (25.5%), 32 in the chronic hepatitis group(19.9%), 24 in the liver cirrhosis group(14.9%) and 30 in the hepatoma group(18.6%). The positive rates of HCV PCR were 55.2% in total, 46.1% in the carrier group, 55.0% in the acute hepatitis group, 76.4% in the chronic hepatitis group, 40.0% in the liver cirrhosis group, and 42.8% in the hepatoma group. The 98 family members were all anti HCV seronegative. The positive rates of HCV PCR in these family members were 10.2% in total, 7.1% in spouses, 28.6% in siblings, and 8.3% in children. CONCLUSION: Anti HCV seropositives were in various clinical states of liver disease due to HCV infecton. Although none of the family members showed anti HCV positive results, HCV PCR was positive in 10.2% of the family members indicating the need to perform HCV PCR to detect HCV infection.
Biomarkers ; Biopsy ; Blood Donors ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Child ; Family Characteristics ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Function Tests ; Physical Examination ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Prevalence ; Siblings ; Spouses ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: This study is conducted to survey and examine the relationships among anxiety about aging, perceived health status and health promoting behaviors in the elderly, and to provide basic data for health promoting interventions that would improve their successful aging. METHODS: Data in this study was collected from 333 elderly participants living in Busan. Descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA with Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The major findings of this study were as follows. 1) The mean score of anxiety about aging was 2.67 +/- 0.30, perceived health status 2.46 +/- 0.37, and health promoting behavior 2.77 +/- 0.21. 2) There was a positive correlation between health promoting behavior and perceived health status (r = 267, p = .000). There was a negative correlation between anxiety about aging and health promoting behavior (r = -.163, p = .003). 3) Health-promoting behavior was significantly associated with perceived health and anxiety about aging, which explained 20.9% of variance in health-promoting behavior. CONCLUSION: In order to promote perceived health status and to decrease anxiety about aging in the elderly, it is necessary to develop supporting interventions to decrease anxiety about aging.
Aged* ; Aging* ; Anxiety* ; Busan ; Health Behavior* ; Humans ; Senior Centers* ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUND: With the rapid growth of the elderly population, osteoporosis has become a major health problem worldwide. Although health knowledge and self-efficacy are important assets to facilitate healthy behaviors and disease prevention, such information as it relates to individuals and their bone health is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors on promoting bone health in middle-aged Korean women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey study. A convenience sampling of middle-aged women (> or =40 years) was done at a community health center in Korea. Bone mineral density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry with the DEXXUM T. The level of knowledge was measured with the Knowledge of Osteoporosis Scale, and self-efficacy with the Osteoporosis Self-efficacy Scale. A questionnaire for bone health behaviors was developed for this study. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive methods, independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS: A total of 150 middle-aged women whose mean age was 59.8+/-11.5 years participated in the study. Most (74%) were menopausal. Less than one-quarter of participants (22.7%) had osteoporosis and less than half (42%) had osteopenia based on the T-score at the left femur neck site. Level of knowledge (mean score, 10.35) and self-efficacy (mean score, 47.67) ranged from low to moderate. Intake of calcium and vitamin D-rich foods was insufficient in our subjects. Bone health behaviors had significant positive relationships with knowledge (r=0.22, P=0.008) and self-efficacy (r=0.29, P<0.001) on promoting bone health. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that educational interventions are needed to enhance knowledge and confidence and to encourage middle-aged women to engage in bone health behaviors.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Calcium ; Community Health Centers ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; Self Efficacy ; Vitamins

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among family functioning, empathy and aggression by high school students. METHODS: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 467 high school students from M city. Data were collected from November 29 to December 7, 2012 and self-report questionnaires including a Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Indexes, and an Aggression Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The majority of the subjects were 2nd graders (42.0%) and female (57.2%). 59.7% of the subjects had religion, 84.8% were living together with parents. The mean ages of their fathers and mothers were 49.90+/-0.20 and 46.85+/-0.19 respectively. Aggression was found to have a statistically negative correlation with family functioning and empathy. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of aggression was empathic concern. Empathic concern, family cohesiveness, perspective taking, personal distress and gender accounted for 16.7% of the variances. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide aggressiveness reduction programs for high school students that consider their family functioning and empathy.
Aggression* ; Empathy* ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Unlike murine oncoretroviruses which can infect only dividing cells, lentiviral vector based on HIV have been shown to efficiently transfer genetic materials into a various cells which makes lentiviral-based vector systems promising candidates for clinical gene therapy, but have also raised safety concerns because of potential creation of replication-competent lentivirus (RCL) by uncontrolled recombination. In this study, I intended to validate RT-PCR assay for detection of replication-competent virus (RCV) in vector preparations using HIV vector based gene delivery system. METHODS: We prepared a replication-competent lentiviral supernatant from a 293T cell line which had been transfected with plasmid pHIV-VSV G-IRES-eYFP as a positive control, by introducing VSV-G into a first-generation HIV-based vector. A variant of this virus, which has additional deletions of vif and vpr was also used as another positive control. As a negative control, VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-based vector encoding YFP was used. These viruses encode enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP). I used reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR to detect VSV-G RNA sequences contained within viral supernatants produced from transiently transfected 293T cells using oligonucleotides specific for conserved for VSV-G element. RESULTS: After production in 293T cells, titer of each virus were<107 IU/mL. eYFP expression in 293T cells increased according to passage with extremely fluorescent with replication-competent vector. Correctly-sized DNA products was always detected, even when using supernatants from cells separately transfected with VSV-G and replication-defective HIV. CONCLUSION: These data suggested that RT-PCR based method is not appropriate for transient transfection of producers where cell lysis is routine. Instead we turned our attention to the development of other sensitive assays.
Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA ; Gene Transfer Techniques* ; Genetic Therapy ; HIV* ; Lentivirus* ; Oligonucleotides ; Plasmids ; Recombination, Genetic ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Transfection