Two cases of epidertnoid cyst of the ovary are added to the ten reported in the literature. This rare lesion is usually an incidental finding. Its main interest is in its histogenesis, which includes metaplasia of the coelomic surface epithelium, monophyletic development of teratoma, and metaplasia of the rete ovarii. We investigated two cases of epidertnoid cyst. Histologic examination of the cysts showed a thin lining of mature keratinizing squamous epithelium rectum: unaccompanied by skin appendages or other teratomatous elements.
Cysts

Nickel sensitivity is the most common cause of allergic metal dermatitides,, particularly in women. Women are uaually sensitized. by the objects wom close to the skin ('e.g. earring, necklace fasther, watch, suspenders, brassiere clips, etc.), and men are by occupational exposures (e.g. plating or printing industries, tools, etc.). Nickel dermatitis is frequently developed on the sites where seems to have been directly contact witb nickel substance, but secondary eruptions may develop on the areas where seems to have not been directly exposed to nickel, so that nickel dermatitie is sometimea misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis, nummular eczema, stasis dermatitis, or other dermatitides. The authora prcsent two cases of nickel dermatitis confirmed by patch test with 2. 5% nickel sulfafte; first case-a 22 years old female who has erythemat,ous maculopapular patches on her ears, around neck, left wriat, elbows, and abdomen; second case tkat was previously misdiagnosed as mummular eczema-a 18 years old female who has large oozing and crusted patches on both lateral aspects of her right thigh and back, The authors reviewed the incidence of nickel sensitivity during past years in korea and the clinical aspect of distribution of nickel dermatitis.
Abdomen ; Adolescent ; Dermatitis* ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Ear ; Eczema ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Neck ; Nickel* ; Occupational Exposure ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Thigh ; Young Adult

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced into Korea in 1990 and has been rapidly replacing open cholecystectomy when the indications were met. In this study a medical utilization and technology was assessed on the selected hospitalized patients with cholelithiasis who underwent open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy from April 1, 1991 to March 31, 1994. The results are as follows. Despite the low reimbursement rate by the health insurance, the number of laparoscopic cases have been steadily increased. The post-operative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shortened from 8.4 days to 4.6 days. The preoperative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shorted from 8.4 days to 4.0 days. The total length-of-stays in the hospital were also significantly shortened from 15.2 days to 10.7 and 9.8 days in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed low expenses in all aspects expect the average hospital charges per day. For the hospital to have cost containment, it is more effective if length-of-stay is shorter because of high daily inpatient hospital charge. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy also showed shortened anesthesia time and operation time compared with open cholecystectomy that were statistically significant. The mean anesthesia and operation time for open cholecystectomy were 113.2 and 90.2 minutes but those of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were 105.7 and 68.6 minutes. According to this study the laparoscopic cholecystectomy has reduced the medical expenditure and we recommend this procedure over open cholecystectomy. The further discussion on the different morbidity rate between two types of procedure is essential in providing quality medical care, and to educate specialist.
Anesthesia ; Cholecystectomy* ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Cholelithiasis ; Cost Control ; Health Expenditures ; Hospital Charges ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Insurance, Health ; Korea ; Specialization

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a system dynamics model for adolescent obesity in Korea that could be used for obesity policy analysis. METHODS: On the basis of the casual loop diagram, a model was developed by converting to stock and flow diagram. The Vensim DSS 5.0 program was used in the model development. We simulated method of moments to the calibration of this model with data from The Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2005 to 2013. We ran the scenario simulation. RESULTS: This model can be used to understand the current adolescent obesity rate, predict the future obesity rate, and be utilized as a tool for controlling the risk factors. The results of the model simulation match well with the data. It was identified that a proper model, able to predict obesity probability, was established. CONCLUSION: These results of stock and flow diagram modeling in adolescent obesity can be helpful in development of obesity by policy planners and other stakeholders to better anticipate the multiple effects of interventions in both the short and the long term. In the future we suggest the development of an expanded model based on this adolescent obesity model.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Internet ; *Nonlinear Dynamics ; Obesity/*pathology ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; *Risk-Taking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of a mixture of Sophorae radix and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer (1 : 1) ethanol extracts (SGE) on mice infected with Streptococcus (S.) pyogenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of SGE necessary for antibacterial effects against S. pyogenes were 20 microg/mL. Based on the time-kill curves for S. pyogenes, SGE was effective at 4x MIC after 16 h. On Day 12 after challenge, the survival rate of mice treated with 2.0 mg/kg SGE was 60%. In conclusion, SGE had potent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities against S. pyogenes.
Animals ; Complex Mixtures ; Ethanol* ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis* ; Mice* ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plants, Medicinal ; Sophora* ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus pyogenes* ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of a mixture of Sophorae radix and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer (1 : 1) ethanol extracts (SGE) on mice infected with Streptococcus (S.) pyogenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of SGE necessary for antibacterial effects against S. pyogenes were 20 microg/mL. Based on the time-kill curves for S. pyogenes, SGE was effective at 4x MIC after 16 h. On Day 12 after challenge, the survival rate of mice treated with 2.0 mg/kg SGE was 60%. In conclusion, SGE had potent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities against S. pyogenes.
Animals ; Complex Mixtures ; Ethanol* ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis* ; Mice* ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plants, Medicinal ; Sophora* ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus pyogenes* ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Intussusception and Meckel's diverticulum are very rare disorders in intrauterine or neonatal periods, which are causes of intestinal obstruction. We experienced a case of intussusception due to Meckel's diverticulum which caused intestinal obstruction in the neonate who had bilious vomiting a few hours after birth. We report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception* ; Meckel Diverticulum* ; Parturition ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: In athlete's heart, functional and structural alteration are main features. We studied electrocardiograms(ECG's) and echocardiograms(UCG's) in soccer players before and after intensive training. METHODS: Fifteen soccer players with the mean age and career of 19.3 and 8.5 years,respectively,underwent intensive training for 5-5.5 months, which included running of 2 km daily during the last 2-2.5 months. Comparisons of ECG's and UCG's recorded before and after the training were made. RESULTS: The major abnormal finding in pre-training ECG's was high voltage being seen in 40% of the cases, and in UCG's left ventricular(LV) dilatation and/or hypertrophy or asymmetrical septal hypertrophy(ASH) were noted in approximately 80% of the cases. The incidences of these finding after the intensive training were essentially unchanged, and the mean of pre-and post-training fractional shortening(FS) and LV and left atrial dimensions were similar. The high voltage in ECG's showed no close correlation with LV dilatation or hypertrophy on UCG's. After the training, however, the mean values of the thickness of LV posterior wall and ventricular septum along with LV mass were significantly increased, and the right ventricular dimension was significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent finding in ECG's and UCG's in soccer players, before and after intensive training,were high voltage, LV dilatation and /or hyperophy with or without ASH. The intensive training of 5-5.5 months duration caused no change in F8,but caused significant increase in the thickness of LV posterior wall and ventricular septum, and LV mass.
Dilatation ; Electrocardiography* ; Heart ; Hypertrophy ; Incidence ; Running ; Soccer* ; Ventricular Septum

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Embolism*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of low dose estrogen menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular system METHODS: This study categorized 95 postmenopausal women between March 2004 and August 2004. Thirty patients of estrogen therapy group, fifteen patients of estrogen-progestin therapy group, fifteen patients of low-dose estrogen therapy group, and fifteen patients of low-dose estrogen-progestin therapy group were divided. Remaining 20 patients served as control group which did not receive the hormone treatment. The blood pressure, pulse rate, lipid profile, and NO metabolites and antioxidant activity of plasma and urine were measured. RESULTS: Diastolic blood pressure was lower in hormone treatment group than control group's. Although it was not significant, the total cholestrol and LDL-cholestrol in the plasma of treatment group were lower than those of the control group while HDL-cholestrol were higher. Triglyceride in the plasma of treatment group was higher. Changes of blood pressure, pulse rate and lipid profile in low-dose group were similar to those of conventional standard dose. The plasma concentration of NO metabolites in treatment group was higher. Also, the plasma concentration of NO metabolites in low-dose group was similar to that of conventional dose. CONCLUSION: A low-dose hormone therapy was expected to bring about the improvement of endothelial cell dependent vascular reactivity like conventional dose, resulting in the reduction of diastolic blood pressure, the improvement of lipid profile, and an increase in plasma concentration of the NO metabolites. A low-dose hormone therapy may thus presumably provide beneficial effects on cardiovascular system.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular System ; Endothelial Cells ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide* ; Plasma ; Triglycerides