Few cases of ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens(IBS) have been reported since 1939, as a distinct entity from bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma(BCIE). IBS can be differentiated from BCIE by the absence of congenital erythroderma and a different distribution of involved skin area. It's characteristic features include blistering, superficial erosion or moulting of the outer skin. Histological features are tonofilaments aggregation confined to the granular and upper spinous layer of the epidermis. However, in BCIE these findings are present in the whole suprabasal compartment. The original reports of Siemens and cases from other authors showed an autosomal dominant inheritance. Our patient developed IBS sporadically without a familial background.
Blister ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens* ; Ichthyosis* ; Intermediate Filaments ; Molting ; Skin ; Wills

PURPOSE: The staging of bladder carcinoma is a major determinant of operative management. CT of bladder carcinoma has been widely used to diagnose external extension (pT3b and over), but tumors confined to the bladder wall (from pT1 to pT3a) are poorly delineated. The authors describe CT findings of the superficial bladder carcinoma (below T1, stage A) in thin section CT with air insufflation technique (air insufflation-CT) to facilitate early detection and to aid correct staging of the superficial bladder carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The materials consisted of proved 24 cases (1'9 patients, single tumor: 16 patients, multiple tumors :3 patients) of stage A bladder carcinomas. Air insufflation-CT was performed by the infusion of approximately 200 mL of air into the bladder via a Foley catheter. After the routine pelvic CT, bladder tumors were re-scanned with 1.5 to 5 mm thickness and intervals. RESULTS: The superficial bladder carcinomas were detected as nodular(5 cases, 20.8%), papillary(15 cases, 62.5%), pyramidal(2 cases, 8.3%), and domed(2 cases, 8.3%) forms on air insufflation CT. These tumors were classified into three types according to the size of the tumoral neck:type I(pedundulated polypold tumor:4 cases, 16.6%), type II(polypid tumor with short neck :13 cases, 54.2%), and type Ill(sessile tumor :7 cases, 29. 2%). The mean size(tumoral width x height x base o, neck/stalk) of the tumors was 22 x 20 x 16mm. The average tumoral sizes according to each type of the superficial tumors were type 1:22 x 25 x 6mm, type 11:23 x 22 x 18mm, and type III :18 x 15 x 18mm. The mean width of the type I--II tumoral necks was 15mm. The mean length of the type I tumoral neck(pedicle) was 2.5mm. Papillary fronds of the tumors were seen in 10 cases(41.7%) of 24 superficial tumors. Outer margin of the involved bladder wall was smooth in all cases. CONCLUSION: Thin-sectin CT with air insufflation technique for bladder carcinoma was useful in tumoral demonstration, and characteristics of the superficial bladder carcinomas were small polypold tumors had a short neck mostly and smooth outer wall of the involved bladder wall.
Catheters ; Humans ; Insufflation* ; Neck ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Cardiotocography* ; Meconium* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to explore the individual traits needed for the successful performance of a doctor's duties as well as to establish primary criteria for the Medical Education Eligibility Test. METHODS: This study conducted qualitatively by interviewing 43 persons: medical school professors, residents, and medical reporters. The analysis of data were applied a content analysis. RESULTS: 1) The important intelligent abilities revealed were problem solving, verbal expression, and memory. 2) The personality traits included sincerity, sociability, respectability, gentleness, and reflective thinking. 3) The biology, chemistry, and physics were important in the natural science background knowledge, and 4) linguistics, philosophy, and social science were important in human and social science background knowledge. CONCLUSION: The medical aptitude could be constructed intelligent ability, personality trits, and background knowledges, and include specific aspects depended on Korean context.
Aptitude* ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Memory ; Natural Science Disciplines ; Philosophy ; Problem Solving ; Schools, Medical ; Social Sciences ; Thinking

Many factors have been identified which to affect the rate of propagation of impulses along motor fibers. These include temperature changes around the nerve, diameter of the axon, degree of myelinization, age of infants, and local environment of the nerve. Motor nerve conduction velocity and Hoffman's reflex latency have been used to assess the degree of myelination and maturation of the nervous system. The conduction velocities in infants of a short gestational age are significantly lower than those of the fullterm infants. The extrauterine myelination and maturation might increase nerve conduction velocity. We measure the median motor nerve conduction velocity, compound muscle action potentials amplitude and H-reflex latency of premature infants to determine the neurological maturation after birth. The premature infants with gestational age above 37 weeks have a significantly higher conduction velocity and a shorter H-reflex latency than those of gestational age below 37 weeks. The premature infants with weight over 2.5 kg have a significantly higher conduction velocity, larger compound muscle action potentials amplitude and a shorter H-reflex latency than those of weight below 2.5 kg. And there is a statistically significant negative correlation of the H-reflex latency with the postmenstrual age. The determination of motor nerve conduction velocities and H-reflex latencies seem to be an additional method in assessing the degree of maturity in infants after birth.
Action Potentials ; Axons ; Gestational Age ; H-Reflex* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Median Nerve ; Myelin Sheath ; Nervous System ; Neural Conduction* ; Parturition ; Reflex, Abnormal

BACKGROUND: Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) are cell surface proteins that mediate apoptosis. Fas and FasL are expressed in normal epidermal cells, but are different in the expression patterns in epidermal layers. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of Fas and FasL in various skin diseases including non-tumorous diseases and tumors. METHOD: We performed immunohistochemical staining for Fas and FasL with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies using frozen skin tissues from 29 patients. RESULTS: 1. In normal skin, Fas and FasL were expressed as intercellular and intracellular patterns. Fas was expressed in the basal and spinous layers, and FasL was expressed in the upper spinous and granular layers. 2. In psoriasis vulgaris and lichen planus, FasL expression was proportional to the degree of epidermal hyperplasia, such a relationship was not found in Fas expression. 3. In verruca vulgaris and herpes zoster, the upregulation of Fas and FasL expression was observed in lesional epidermis. 4. In skin tumors, Fas and FasL expression were observed in most tumor cells of Bowen's disease, keratoacanthoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. In basal cell carcinoma, FasL was expressed strongly and diffusely in the infiltrating tumor cells, but Fas was not expressed at all. CONCLUSION: Fas and FasL play an important role in the differentiating process of the epidermis by coordinate expression between them. In non-tumorous conditions and skin tumors, Fas and FasL might function as essential mediators of cellular turnover in pathogenesis of the skin diseases.
Antibodies ; Apoptosis ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Fas Ligand Protein* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratoacanthoma ; Lichen Planus ; Membrane Proteins ; Psoriasis ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin* ; Up-Regulation ; Warts

BACKGROUND: Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) are cell surface proteins that mediate apoptosis. Fas and FasL are expressed in normal epidermal cells, but are different in the expression patterns in epidermal layers. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of Fas and FasL in various skin diseases including non-tumorous diseases and tumors. METHOD: We performed immunohistochemical staining for Fas and FasL with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies using frozen skin tissues from 29 patients. RESULTS: 1. In normal skin, Fas and FasL were expressed as intercellular and intracellular patterns. Fas was expressed in the basal and spinous layers, and FasL was expressed in the upper spinous and granular layers. 2. In psoriasis vulgaris and lichen planus, FasL expression was proportional to the degree of epidermal hyperplasia, such a relationship was not found in Fas expression. 3. In verruca vulgaris and herpes zoster, the upregulation of Fas and FasL expression was observed in lesional epidermis. 4. In skin tumors, Fas and FasL expression were observed in most tumor cells of Bowen's disease, keratoacanthoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. In basal cell carcinoma, FasL was expressed strongly and diffusely in the infiltrating tumor cells, but Fas was not expressed at all. CONCLUSION: Fas and FasL play an important role in the differentiating process of the epidermis by coordinate expression between them. In non-tumorous conditions and skin tumors, Fas and FasL might function as essential mediators of cellular turnover in pathogenesis of the skin diseases.
Antibodies ; Apoptosis ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Fas Ligand Protein* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratoacanthoma ; Lichen Planus ; Membrane Proteins ; Psoriasis ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin* ; Up-Regulation ; Warts

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, on a retrospective basis, the anatomic characteristics of the arterial supply to the sinoatrial node (SAN) in the Korean population using an ECG-gated multi-detector CT (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The electrocardiographic-gated MDCTs of 500 patients (258 men and 242 women; age range, 17-83 years; mean age, 58.6 +/- 12.04 years) were analyzed retrospectively. In each case, the SAN artery (arteries) was named according to a special nomenclature with regard to origin, course, and termination. RESULTS: A total of 516 SAN arteries were visualized in 496 patients. The SAN was supplied by a single artery in 476 (96.4%) cases and by 2 arteries in 18 (3.6%) cases. The SAN originated from the right coronary artery in 265 (53.4%) cases and from the left circumflex in 213 (43%) cases. CONCLUSION: This study can provide basic data on variations of the SAN artery in the Korean population.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies/*radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinoatrial Node/*radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods

To determine allele frequency of GABARB1 Jcus in Korean, first, we sequenced each allele, which was amplified with primers that published before. We found mismatching between allele number and size of each allele when 'GATA' repeats are counted. The sequence revealed new 'GATA' repeat. So we had made new allele designation with total number of in 176 Korean people. The heterozygosity this locus was 0.716 and mean exclusion chance (MEC) and power of discrimination (PD) were 0.433 and 0.845, respectively. In this study, we emphasized necessity of sequencing of 2-3 alleles, which have same size before setting up allelic ladder.
Alleles* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Gene Frequency*

The appearance of a tumor in the chest wall is rare compared to that in any other part of the body. It can be classified into benign and malignant types and can be located in the rib, clavicle, sternum, cartilage and soft tissues. Tumors that are metastatic are commonly located in the lung, breast, bone and pleura. But, the soft tissue mass of anterior chest wall is rarely metastasized from a distant organ that is not confined to the thoracic cavity. This and thus has rarely been described. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of resting dyspnea. A huge non-tender mass of about 10*15 cm in size was visible on his left lower anterior chest wall. We pathologically confirmed that the mass was a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type by incision biopsy. Through an incision biopsy, the mass was pathologically confirmed as a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cartilage ; Clavicle ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pleura ; Ribs ; Sternum ; Thoracic Cavity ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*