Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the most common cause of neurologic disorder accompanying grave prognosisand its mortality above 50%. Prior to introduction of the CT, the diagnosis have been depended on clinicalfindings and spinal puncture. Radiologic diagnostic methods, such as angiography, ventriculography andradioisotope scanning are invasive and less sentitive in diagnosis of CVA than CT. The size, location andextension of the intracranial pathology and ventricular penetration are accureately and rapidly portrayed by CT.Consequently, CT plays impotant role in effective tratement and evaluation of prognosis in CVA. Authors analyzed63 cases of diagnosed CVA who were performed CT scan in Korea General Hospital from November 1981 to April 1982.The results were as follows. 1. The most prevalent age group of CVA was 6th decade, and then 7th and 5th decadesin decreasing order. The sex ration between male and female was 1.2:1. 2. The causes of CVA were hypertensivehemorrhage (50.8%), vascular occlusive disease(22.2%), anurysm ruture (4.8%), arteriovenous malformation (3.2%)and hemorrhage of unknown etiology (19.0%). 3. The most common site of hemorrhage was basal ganglia (34.6%) andthen thalamus(21.8%) and cerebral lobes(20.5%). In infarction, the common sites were the lobes(64.7%) and thebasal ganglia (35.3%) 4. Round or oval shaped hematomas of high density (85.9%) were frequent findings ofhemorrhage and mass effect occured in 75.6%. 5. All infarctions were low in density ; Most of the lesion wasinhomogeneous(70.6%) and the rests were homogeneous. Mass effects were seen in 29.4%.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Basal Ganglia ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Ganglia ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infarction ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Nervous System Diseases ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Spinal Puncture ; Stroke ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This study was to compare the microshear bond strength (microSBS) of light- and chemically cured composites to enamel coupled with four 2-step self-etch adhesives and also to evaluate the incompatibility between 2-step self-etch adhesives and chemically cured composite resin. Crown segments of extracted human molars were cut mesiodistally, and a 1 mm thickness of specimen was made. They were assigned to four groups by adhesives used: SE group (Clearfil SE Bond), AdheSE group (AdheSE), Tyrian group (Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus), and Contax group (Contax). Each adhesive was applied to a cut enamel surface as per the manufacturer's instruction. Light-cured (Filtek Z250) or chemically cured composite (Luxacore Smartmix Dual) was bonded to the enamel of each specimen using a Tygon tube. After storage in distilled water for 24 hours, the bonded specimens were subjected to microSBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The mean microSBS (n=20 for each group) was statistically compared using two-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, and t test at 95% level. Also the interface of enamel and composite was evaluated under FE-SEM. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The microSBS of the SE Bond group to the enamel was significantly higher than that of the AdheSE group, the Tyrian group, and the Contax group in both the light-cured and the chemically cured composite resin (p < 0.05). 2. There was not a significant difference among the AdheSE group, the Tyrian group, and the Contax group in both the light-cured and the chemically cured composite resin. 3. The microSBS of the light-cured composite resin was significantly higher than that of the chemically cured composite resin when same adhesive was applied to the enamel (p < 0.05). 4. The interface of enamel and all 2-step self-etch adhesives showed close adaptation, and so the incompatibility of the chemically cured composite resin did not show.
Adhesives* ; Crowns ; Dental Enamel* ; Humans ; Molar ; Water

This study was to compare the microshear bond strength (microSBS) of light- and chemically cured composites to enamel coupled with four 2-step self-etch adhesives and also to evaluate the incompatibility between 2-step self-etch adhesives and chemically cured composite resin. Crown segments of extracted human molars were cut mesiodistally, and a 1 mm thickness of specimen was made. They were assigned to four groups by adhesives used: SE group (Clearfil SE Bond), AdheSE group (AdheSE), Tyrian group (Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus), and Contax group (Contax). Each adhesive was applied to a cut enamel surface as per the manufacturer's instruction. Light-cured (Filtek Z250) or chemically cured composite (Luxacore Smartmix Dual) was bonded to the enamel of each specimen using a Tygon tube. After storage in distilled water for 24 hours, the bonded specimens were subjected to microSBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The mean microSBS (n=20 for each group) was statistically compared using two-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, and t test at 95% level. Also the interface of enamel and composite was evaluated under FE-SEM. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The microSBS of the SE Bond group to the enamel was significantly higher than that of the AdheSE group, the Tyrian group, and the Contax group in both the light-cured and the chemically cured composite resin (p < 0.05). 2. There was not a significant difference among the AdheSE group, the Tyrian group, and the Contax group in both the light-cured and the chemically cured composite resin. 3. The microSBS of the light-cured composite resin was significantly higher than that of the chemically cured composite resin when same adhesive was applied to the enamel (p < 0.05). 4. The interface of enamel and all 2-step self-etch adhesives showed close adaptation, and so the incompatibility of the chemically cured composite resin did not show.
Adhesives* ; Crowns ; Dental Enamel* ; Humans ; Molar ; Water

Splenoportography has been proved as a useful method for the evaluation of circulatory distrubances in portalhypertension. Authors analyzed the various aspects of these disturbances on splenoportography in 22 cases thatwere performed under the clinical suspicion of portal hypertension during recent 6 years, from May, 1976 to July,1982 at the Department of Radiology, National Medical Center. The results were as follows; 1. Liver cirrhosis wasthe most frequent cause of intrahepatic obstruction type in portal hypertenstion (86%). 2. The portal pressure wasmore than 400 mmH2O in 67% of the cases (range; 300-540 mmH2O). 3. In the majority of the cses, the higher theportal pressure was, the more dilated splenic and portal veins were. The diameter of portal vein was more than15mm in 79%, more than 21 mm in 47% of the cases (range; 10-26mm). The diameter of splenic vein was more than 15mmin 48% of the cases (range; 7-23mm). Especially the diameter of splenic vein was larger than that of portal veinin 20% of the cases. 4. There was no definite correlation between the development of collateral circulation andthe diameter of splenic and portal veins. 5. The filling of collateral circulation was definite sign of portalhypertenstion, though not regular. In portal hypertension, the collateral circulation was formed via coronary vein(91%), short gastric vein (64%), inferior mesenteric vein(36%). 6. Splenic-hilum time was delayed in 64% of thecases. Intrahepatic portal vein emptying time was more than 6 seconds in all the cases. 7. Most of the cases (91%)could be diagnosed as portal hypertension with vasculogram and hepatogram.
Collateral Circulation ; Hypertension, Portal ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Methods ; Portal Pressure ; Portal Vein ; Portography ; Splenic Vein ; Veins

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognosis of patients with paraquat poisoning by measuring the extent of lunginvolvement, as seen on HRCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients with paraquat poisoning were treatedaccording to our hospital's routine protocol and underwent HRCT scanning 1-21(mean 7-8) days later. In 31, theresults were abnormal, and these were retrospectively analysed. Differences in the extent of lung involvement,patient age, ingested amount of paraquat, and blood WBC count were compared between the group of survivors andthose who had died. RESULTS: Among the 31 patients with abnormal HRCT findings, 11 died and 20 patients survived.The extent of lung involvement among the group of survivors was 14.8+/-14.8%; among the deceased group, it was72.3+/-16.3%. The age of the survivors was 37.5+/-13.5(11-67) years, while that of the deceased was25+/-8.9(16-41)years. Those who died showed a significantly higher extent of lung involvement than the survivors,and were younger (p<0.05). There was, however, no significant difference in blood WBC count and ingested amount ofparaquat between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: In paraquat poisoning, the extent of lung involvement onHRCT, is useful for prediction of the prognosis and severity of poisoning.
Humans ; Lung* ; Paraquat* ; Poisoning* ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors

Asbestos related pleuropulmonary disease has been emerging health problem for recent years. It can cause variable clinical symptoms and radiological abnormalities. However, there has been no report for their characteristics in subjects who were environmentally exposed to asbestos. We reviewed the CT images of 35 people who were environmentally exposed to asbestos in Chungnam province, Korea. The study result showed high incidence of pleural plaque and pulmonary fibrosis on chest CT (94% and 77%, respectively). The common CT findings of lung parenchymal lesions were as follows: centrilobular opacities (94%), subpleural dot-like or branching opacities (80%), interlobular septal thickening (57%), intralobular interstitial thickening (46%), parenchymal bands (43%) and subpleural curvilinear line (29%). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis and pleural plaques according to sex, age and duration of exposure. In conclusion, pleural plaque and pulmonary fibrosis are common asbestos-related CT finding in the exposed people. Asbestos related lung parenchymal CT findings in the participants with environmental exposure show similar to those observed in the occupational exposure.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asbestos/*adverse effects ; Asbestosis/epidemiology/etiology/*radiography ; Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Pleura/radiography ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the co-administration effect of atelocollagen combined with hyaluronic acid (HA) injections fortreatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tear (RCT). Methods: Eighty patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for full-thickness RCT from March 2018 to November 2019 wereenrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to the following groups: combined atelocollagen and HA injection (group I, n=28), only HAinjection (group II, n=26), and no injection (group III, n=26). Clinical outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery usingthe American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, visual analog scale pain score, functional scores (pain visual analog scale, function visualanalog score), and range of motion. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 12 months after surgery to evaluate rotator cuff integrity. Results: Preoperative demographic data and postoperative clinical outcomes did not differ significantly among the three groups (p>0.05).However, in group I, the number of steroid injections after surgery was significantly lower than that in the other groups (p=0.011). The retear rate on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging was significantly higher in group II (9.5%, n=2) and group III (13.6%, n=3) than ingroup I (0%, p=0.021). Conclusions Co-administration of atelocollagen and HA improves healing of the rotator cuff and increases the integrity of the rotator cuffrepair site. This study provides encouraging evidence for use of combined atelocollagen-HA injections to treat patients with full-thicknessRCT.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the co-administration effect of atelocollagen combined with hyaluronic acid (HA) injections fortreatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tear (RCT). Methods: Eighty patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for full-thickness RCT from March 2018 to November 2019 wereenrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to the following groups: combined atelocollagen and HA injection (group I, n=28), only HAinjection (group II, n=26), and no injection (group III, n=26). Clinical outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery usingthe American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, visual analog scale pain score, functional scores (pain visual analog scale, function visualanalog score), and range of motion. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 12 months after surgery to evaluate rotator cuff integrity. Results: Preoperative demographic data and postoperative clinical outcomes did not differ significantly among the three groups (p>0.05).However, in group I, the number of steroid injections after surgery was significantly lower than that in the other groups (p=0.011). The retear rate on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging was significantly higher in group II (9.5%, n=2) and group III (13.6%, n=3) than ingroup I (0%, p=0.021). Conclusions Co-administration of atelocollagen and HA improves healing of the rotator cuff and increases the integrity of the rotator cuffrepair site. This study provides encouraging evidence for use of combined atelocollagen-HA injections to treat patients with full-thicknessRCT.

Mitral ring motion and indices of left ventricular diastolic filling were measured by M-mode and Doppler echocardiography in apical 4 chamber view in 11 dilated cardiomyopathy patients and 9 normal subjects without clinical evidence of heart disease. The mean age of patients was 52 years and average heart rate was 76 beats/min. The parameters of mitral annulus motion include earley relaxation amplitude(ER), late atrial contraction amplitude(AC) and A2-peak excursion(A2-PE). Transmitral flow velocity parameters include peak flow velocity of early diastolic flow velocity(PFVE), peak flow velocity of late atrial contraction(PFVA), the ratio between early and late peak flow velocity(PFVE/PFVA), Acceleration rate of early diastolic peak flow(AR), deceleration rate of early diastolic peak flow(DR), time velocity integral of early diastolic flow velocity(TVIE), time velocity integral of late atrial contraction flow velocity(TVIA) and ratio between early diastolic and late atrial flow velocity integral(TVIE/TVIA). In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, ER(4.5+/-2.3mm) and AC(2.3+/-1.6mm) were significantly decreased than normal(10.7+/-2.6mm, 6.6+/-1.6mm, p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively), whereas ER/AC(1.7+/-0.7) was not significantly different than normal subjects(1.6+/-0.5). A2-PE(100+/-80 msec) was significantly delayed in dilated cardiomyopathy patients than normal subjects(35+/-25 msec, p<0.01). In analysis of transmitral flow velocities, PFVE, PFVA and PFVE/PFVA, etc were not significantly different compared to normal subjects in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Mitral ring motion amplitude was decreased and A2-peak excursion time interval(A2-PE) was delayed in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, but transmitral flow velocities were not significantly different from normal subjects in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. These results reflect the facts that early diastolic relaxation amplitude is decreased by the change of compliance of LV and late atrial contractin amplitude is decreased by decrease of atrial contractility and increased stiffness of LA and LV. Despite of decreased mitral ring motion, transmitral flow velocity is not significantly different compared to normal subjects in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. From these evidences, not only transmitral flow velocity affected by multiple factors but also mitral ring motion affected by LA and LV function are considered in assessment of LV diastolic dysfuction.
Acceleration ; Blood Flow Velocity* ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Compliance ; Deceleration ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Relaxation

Mucocele-like tumor(MLT) is a rare benign neoplasm occurring in the breast. Differentiation of MLT from mucinous carcinoma of the breast on the basis of fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens is difficult, and in Korea, the radiologic findings of these lesions have not been reported. We describe a case of MLT of the breast, and review of the literature.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast* ; Korea