Primary ovarian transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) is a recently described, distinct subtype of ovarian carcinoma resembling TCC of the urinary bladder. TCC differs from malignant Brenner tumor(MBT) by absence of benign or proliferative Brenner component and prominent stromal calcification. TCC also represents a high-stage tumor with more aggressive biologic behavior than MBT, but it has a relatively favorable response to chemotherapy. TCC may arise from the pluripotential surface epithelium of the ovary or from the cells with urothelial differentiation, rather than from a benign or proliferative Brenner tumor precursors. We report a case of pure form of primary TCC presenting as a left ovarian mass in 45-year-old woman.
Female ; Humans

Natural cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer (NK) cells is believed to play an important role in host anticancer defense mechanisms. The aim of this study is to compare the number of NK cells in patients with colorectal cancer and hemorrhoids, and before and after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer. Twenty colorectal cancer patients and twenty hemorrhoid ones were studied. Venous blood samples were obtained preoperatively, and on the 7th, and 14th postoperative days. Mononuclear cells were isolated over Ficoll-Hypaque gradients, and T cells, B cells, and NK cells were measured with CD3 FITC (T cell), CD 19 PE (B cell), and CD56 FITC (NK cell) antibody, The number of T cell (/mm3) was 1224, 1280, and 1125 at preoperative, 7th, and 14th postoperative day in hemorrhoid patients and 1195, 901, and 1060 in colorectal cancer patients respectively. The number of B cell (/mm3) was 243, 160, and 250 in hemorrhoid patients and 147, 78, and 113 in colorectal cancer patients. The number NK cell (/mm3) was 148, 156, and 143 in hemorrhoid patients and 129, 85, and 128 in colorectal cancer patients. There was no difference among Dukes stages in the number of NK cells. In conclusion, the number of NK cells was not changed in colorectal cancer patients compared with hemorrhoid ones. Major operation changed the number of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients.
B-Lymphocytes ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Defense Mechanisms ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural* ; T-Lymphocytes

PURPOSE: This study was conduct to develop a calligraphy and exercise program and examine its effects on the self-esteem, stress, quality of life and physical health of the elderly in a community health post in Korea. METHOD: The subjects consisted of 43 elders (experimental group: 20, control group: 23) who were attending the program of a community health post. The experimental group participated in the calligraphy and exercise program for 12 weeks (3 times a week, 120 minutes a session). Data were collected before and after the program. RESULTS: 1) The experimental group showed significant improvement in self-esteem and quality of life and significant reduction in stress compared to the control group. 2) The experimental group and the control group were not significantly different in muscle strength and flexibility. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the calligraphy and exercise program for old adults can improve their psychological health and quality of life.
Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Korea ; Muscle Strength ; Pliability ; Quality of Life*

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the concept of hope, so to provide basic data to develop a valid instrument to measure hope, and to develop hope enhancing nursing intervention a program for cancer patients. The hybrid model approach was applied in three phases, the theoretical phase, the empirical phase, and the analytic phase. The study was developed on universal attributes explaining generalized hope and specific hope, which were revealed in a comprehensive review of the literature. In the empirical phase, eight cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were interviewed to reveal causes, motivation, and their resource of hope according to The Hope Assessment Guide (Farren, Herth, & Popovich, 1995). In the analytical phase, the results of the two previous stages of the study were compared. The results were as follows: In the theoretical phase, six dimensions of hope emerged; affective, cognitive, behavioral, affiliative, temporal and contextual dimension. The antecedent of hope was loss, crisis, uncertainity, and stress. The consequences were renewal, development of new methods, safety, peace and transcendental competence. In the empirical phase, these six dimensions emerged as theoretical phases were verified and specified as these descriptive terms: feeling, intention, expectation, activity, relation, future- orientation, reality and goal-setting. The antecedent factor of hope was occurrence or recurrence of cancer. The consequence of hope was ability to cope with real condition, feeling of safety and comfort, peace, development of new strategy and recovery of disease. The major content of hope in this phase was related to specific hope, but it was also influenced on by general hope. In the analytic phase, general and specific hope was renamed as trait and state hope. All attributes emerged at the empirical phases, and also emerged at the theoretical phase. However, cognitive and contextual dimensions were revised and specified. In conclusion, the concept of hope is divided into trait hope and state hope, and state hope is an anticipatory expectation that occurs at the time of a stressful stimulus, such as being diagnosed with cancer. Hope is a multidimensional dynamic energized mental state which has the dimensions of affective, cognitive, behavioral, affiliative, temporal and contextual. There should be further studies to develope the state and trait hope scale according to definition and attributes of hope investigated in this study. In addition, considering results of the empirical phase, the family is very a important factor as a resource of hope, so it is necessary to consider family in implementing a nursing intervention program to enhance hope.
Drug Therapy* ; Hope* ; Humans ; Intention ; Mental Competency ; Motivation ; Nursing ; Recurrence

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor and has been considered to be counterpart of the salivery gland. The patient we experienced was a 60-year-old female who had a tumor in the lower third of the esophagus. The tumor was located in the submucosa and showed histologic features similar to those of the salivary gland. Electron micrsopic examination revealed ductal structures invested by basal lamina, and clusters of basaloid cells with tonofilaments and desmosomes. No myoepithelial cells were identified. Immunohistochemical studies for S-100 protein, cytokeratin and vimentin were performed. A few cells showed positive reaction to the S-100 protein. These findings suggest that the esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma arises from the duct of submucosal gland.
Female ; Humans

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor and has been considered to be counterpart of the salivery gland. The patient we experienced was a 60-year-old female who had a tumor in the lower third of the esophagus. The tumor was located in the submucosa and showed histologic features similar to those of the salivary gland. Electron micrsopic examination revealed ductal structures invested by basal lamina, and clusters of basaloid cells with tonofilaments and desmosomes. No myoepithelial cells were identified. Immunohistochemical studies for S-100 protein, cytokeratin and vimentin were performed. A few cells showed positive reaction to the S-100 protein. These findings suggest that the esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma arises from the duct of submucosal gland.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome

BACKGROUND: The treatment of keloids is unsatisfactory and even a challenge to many dermatologists or dermatosurgeons. Simple excision of a keloid alone is associated with a high recurrence rate. Thus, surgical treatment should be combined with various adjuvant therapies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative radiation therapy on the recurrence of keloids. METHODS: Between March 2007 and May 2012, 24 patients with keloids (n=56) in various anatomical sites were treated with our protocol consisting of total or subtotal keloidectomy followed by immediate irradiation of 12~18 Gy in 3 fractions over 3 days with pre- and postoperative intralesional steroid injection as an adjuvant therapy. After a year to a year and a half, treatment was terminated at that point. RESULTS: When treated keloids were classified according to the degree of flattening, the outcomes were excellent in 48.2% (27/56) of the patients, good in 32.1% (18/56), fair in 14.3% (8/56), and poor in 5.3% (3/56). This treatment protocol showed almost excellent outcomes in earlobe, earhelix, retroauricular region and abdomen. Although the sites with high stretch tension such as chest and shoulder showed above good outcomes (72%, 18/25), they also showed three poor results. The most common complication was postinflammatory hyperpigmentation while the most serious one was full-thickness skin necrosis, which was recovered by skin graft later. CONCLUSION: Radiation therapy is an effective and safe therapy for the prevention of recurrence of keloids following keloidectomy.
Abdomen ; Clinical Protocols ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Keloid ; Necrosis ; Recurrence* ; Shoulder ; Skin ; Thorax ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the subjective health status of joints, flexibility of joints, muscle strength and state of joint exercise in elderly people living in the community. METHOD: The participants were 74 elderly people in a health program of the Gerontological Health Research Center at G University. The data were collected from March to July, 2003. The instrument for the study included items on general characteristics (5 items), subjective health status of joints (10 items), flexibility of joints and strength of muscle (8 items), and state of joint exercise (7 items). RESULTS: The score for subjective health status of joints was 3.70 (range 1-5). Knee and waist joints were in the worst state. Neck extension and flexion were 17.38+/-1.80 and .60+/-1.08(cm) respectively. Trunk extension and flexion were 68.24+/-4.47 and 58.00+/-4.91(cm) respectively. Flexibility of the Rt./Lt. shoulder joints was 14.63+/-12.51/18.82+/-13.80(cm). Muscle strength of the Rt./Lt. leg was 30.47+/-19.68/29.67+/-21.22 (sec.). Shoulder joints were more flexible for men and people in their sixties compared to women and people in their seventies. Hand grip was stronger for men compared to women. The score for state of joint exercise was 2.83(range 1-4). The state of handgrip correlated with the state of joint exercise [r=.423 (Rt.)/r=.273(Lt.)]. CONCLUSION: To prevent falls and disorders in neuromuscular function, it is important to develop systemic joint exercise programs for elderly people.
Aged* ; Female ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Joints* ; Knee ; Leg ; Male ; Muscle Strength ; Neck ; Pliability ; Shoulder Joint

PURPOSE: This study was conducted from March to August, 2003 to evaluate the process and outcomes of a program to promote healthy joints in older adults residing in the community. METHOD: A quasi experimental research design (one group pretest-posttest design) was used in this study. The participants were 26 older adults (but 74 older adults also participated in a program immediately after the study program). Program had 4 sessions (8 hours) once a week. Data were collected before the program, immediately after and 4 weeks after the program was completed and were analyzed with paired t-test. RESULTS: The level of a satisfaction, interest and understanding of the program were high. Significant differences were found in the health state, the flexibility of neck and shoulder joints and joint exercise habits between the scores before the program started and 4 weeks after it finished. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that the joint health promotion program for older adults in the community developed this study is effective. So this program can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention for joint health promotion in older adults living in the community.
Adult* ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Joints* ; Neck ; Nursing ; Pliability ; Research Design ; Shoulder Joint