No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

Sixty one cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were studied immunohistochemically for expression of HLA-DR and secretory component(SC) in order to analyze the relationship between expression of these in gastric cancer cells and the adjacent mucosa. Immunostaining was detected within the cytoplasm and on the cell memgrane. The rate of HLA-DR and SC expressions in cancer cells were 59.0% and 49.2%, respectively, and 52.5%/52.5% and 31.2%/50.8% the mucosa in adjacent/remote from the site of to cancer. The SC expression in the adjacent mucosa was lower than that of the remote mucosa(p=0.027). The HLA-DR expression in the cancer cells in the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma(73.9%) was higher than that of the diffuse type(14.3%) and it was statistically significant(p=0.02). The presence of an increased amount of lymphoid infiltration in the gastric mucosa was closely related to the expression of HLA-DR and SC. Decreased or absent expression of SC at the transitional mucosal cells was possibly a result of exposure to genotoxic agents due to the lack of protective function of SC-IgA. From these results, one can postulate that the expression of HLA-DR and SC may play an important role in atleration in microenvironment with lymphoid infiltration.
Adenocarcinoma ; Stomach Neoplasms

PURPOSE: p53 gene mutations, one of the most common alterations found in human tumors, has also been detected in gastric carcinoma, and shown to have a crucial and early role in gastric carcinogenesis of intestinal type and mainly associated with tumor progression in the cancer of diffuse type. We tried to investigate the frequency of p53 mutations in 27 gastric carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fresh tumor tissue from a series of gastric carcinoma was screened for p53 mutations by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) with silver staining and confirmed by direct-sequencing in 27 cases of gastric carcinoma. Immunohistochemical method for p53 protein accumulation was also performed in the same cases. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry revealed 20 of 27 cases of gastric carcinoma, positive for p53. PCR-SSCP analysis of p53 exons 5-8 detected mobility shift in 4 out of 20 p53-positive tumors; three from exon 5 and the other from exon 7, respectively. DNA sequencing of exon 5 showed CGC to CAC point mutation in one of three cases; exon 7, ATC to AAC point mutation. It seemed that there was no correlation between genetic alterations of p53 gene detected by PCR-SSCP and expression of p53 protein by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIOAS: Our results suggest that mutations of the p53 gene are rare genetic events in carcinogenesis of gastric carcinomas. There was discrepancy between mutations screened by PCR-SSCP and overexpressions in immunohistochemical staining.
Carcinogenesis ; Exons ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Silver Staining

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No Abstract Available.
Health Behavior*

With the advent of faster scan time and new computer program, a scanning technique called “dynamic computedtomography” has become possible. Dynamic CT consists of performing multiple rappid sequence scans after injectionof contrast material. The authors have evaluated the clinical usefulness of CT and dynamic CT of 93 patients withbrain infarction and/or ischemia during the period of 17 months from April 1983 to Aug. 1983 to Aug. 1984 inDepartment of Radiology, Chonbuk National University Hospital. The results were as follows; 1. The agedistribution ranged from 18 years to 78 years. Among them the most common age group was between 50 years and 59years(40.9%). 2. The sites of brain infarction were cerebral lobes(63 cases,68), basal ganglia(15 cases, 16.1%)and mlultiple sites(6 cases, 6.4%). The common affected site was middle cerebral artery territories. 3. Thecontrast enhancement of acute infarction was noted in 14 cases(17.5%) which occured commonly between 3 days and 2weeks from ictus. 4. The patterns of time-density curve in brain infarction and/or ischemia were as follow: a .Depression of slow wash-in phase was 20 cases(59%). b. Lower peak concentration was 17 cases(50%), c. Lower anddelayed peak concentration was 7 cases(21%), d. No definite peak concentration was 6 cases(18%). First threepatterns of time-density curve were thought as relatively characteristic curve of brain infarction and/orischemia. 5. Two cases that showed negative findings on precontrast CT scan appeared to be positive findings ashypodensity on postcontrast CT scan and were confirmed as brain infarction by dynamic CT. 6. The diagnostic entityof dynamic CT scan were as follows: a. large artery thrombotic infarction were 23 cases (58%). b. lacunarinfarction were 6 cases (15%). c. ischemia were 5 cases (13%), d. normal were 5 cases(13%), In six cases oflacunar infarction which was doubtful hypodensity on pre-and postcontrast CT scan had a marked difference in CT#(HU) on absolute scale graph of dynamic CT, so diagnosis of lacunar infarction could be made easily. 7. Theclinical values of dynamic CT consist in not only diagnosis of lacunar infarction but also evaluation ofeffectiveness of medical or surgical treatment.
Arteries ; Brain Infarction ; Brain ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Jeollabuk-do ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Isolated and severe left main coronary ostial stenosis is a rare case. In the majority of these patients ostial stenosis was associated with any of the conditions known to involve the coronary ostia. These conditions include syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu's aortitis, familial hypercholesterolemia, and aortic valve disease. A 34-year young female patient was presented with exertional and stabbing anterior chest pain. There was no history of syphilis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking. Coronary angiogram showed isolated left main coronary ostial stenosis. Transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) showed acute angle takeoff of the left main coronary artery. She underwent surgical angioplasty of coronary ostia with a patch of autologous pericardium. After angioplasty, TEE showed dilatation of left main coronary ostium and her clinical symptom improved.
Angioplasty ; Aortic Valve ; Aortitis ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Coronary Vessels ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II ; Hypertension ; Pericardium ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cardiovascular

One hundred large bowel carcinomas were studied immunohistochemically with regard to expression of HLA-DR antigen (DR). One or two sections from each tumor including surrounding normal mucosa were examined by a semiquantitative counting system for tumor cells and mucosal and stromal infiltrates of lymphocytes and mononuclear cells (MNCs) with DR expression and the results were applied Chi-square test. The rate of presence of DR positive (DR+) lymphocytes in lymphoid nodules and DR+ lymphocytes/ MNC in the adjacent mucosa and stroma in DR+ carcinoma (50%) was higher (P < 0.01) than in DR- carcinoma (21.9%). Thirty-six carcinomas (36%) were DR+. Three (75%) out of 4 DR+ poorly differentiated carcinomas and six (20%) out of 30 DR+ moderately differentiated carcinomas showed homogeneously strong DR+ expression. There was tendency for poorly differentiated carcinoma to be more homogeneous DR+ expression. According to Dukes' stage, four (80%) out of 5 carcinomas in Dukes' stage D were DR-. An increased infiltration of lymphocytes/MNCs into adjacent mucosa and stroma in large bowel carcinomas is possibly related with DR expression by carcinoma. From the results of this study, we postulated as follows: 1) DR+ tumor cells may act as antigen-presenting cells, 2) They may have an inhibitory effect for distant metastasis, 3) Poorly differentiated carcinoma expressed more DR+ homogeneously.
Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/blood/*chemistry/pathology ; Epithelium/chemistry ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens/*analysis ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/chemistry ; Lymphocytes/chemistry ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neoplasm Staging ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

PURPOSE: We identified preoperative factors and characteristics of prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels equal to or less than 4.0ng/ml, with an elevated PSA above age reference range, abnormal transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) or digital rectal examination (DRE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 322 patients underwent 12 cores prostate biopsy guided TRUS between May 2003 and July 2004. Of these, 92 had a total PSA level of 4ng/ml or less. The indications for a biopsy were an elevated PSA above the age reference range, and an abnormal DRE and TRUS. The age, abnormalities of the DRE or TRUS, and the prostate volume, PSAD, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and maximal flow rate (Qmax) were measured, and the relationships of theses factors between the cancer and non-cancer groups evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 92 patients with a total PSA level of 4ng/ml or less, 19 were confirmed with prostate cancer; a cancer detection rate of 20.6%. The mean ages of patients in the cancer and non-cancer groups were 70.3 and 62.0 years, respectively. The mean prostate volumes, PSA levels, IPSS and Qmax were 31.4 and 48.9ml, 3.23 and 3.17ng/ml, 19.3 and 16.3 and 15.8 and 13.9ml/sec, respectively, in the cancer and non-cancer groups. The advanced age (p<0.05) and a decreased prostate volume (p<0.05) were associated with a positive prostate biopsy. The PSA level, abnormalities of DRE or TRUS, IPSS and Qmax were not associated with a positive biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: The detection rates of prostate and insignificant cancers rate were 20.6 and 36.8%, respectively. An advanced age and a decreased prostate volume were significant predictive factors of cancer in patients with PSA level equal to or less than 4.0ng/ml, with an elevated PSA above age reference range, abnormal TRUS or DRE. (Korean J Urol 2005; 46:565-568)
Biopsy ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Reference Values ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the preoperative prostatic biopsy values predict the tumor stage in radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the prostatic needle biopsy findings in 69 patients, diagnosed with clinical organ confined prostate cancer, and who underwent a RRP between December 2003 and November 2004. The biopsy specimens were assessed for the number and maximal tumor length of positive cores and for the Gleason score. The preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and prostate volume were measured using transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). TRUS guided biopsies of 13.7 2.2 sites were performed. The preoperative values were compared with the pathological stage of the RRP specimens. RESULTS: Of the 69 patients, 53 (76.8%) had organ confined cancer and 16 (23.2%) had extraprostatic extension (pathologic T2 and T3 or greater, respectively), with mean ages of 65.6 and 65.1 years, respectively. The mean PSA levels were 8.0 and 13.0ng/ml and the prostate volumes were 38.3 and 33.8ml, respectively. The age, prostate volume, biopsy Gleason score and preoperative PSA level were not significant factors for predicting the pathological stage inform a multivariate analysis (p>0.05). The number (p=0.007) and maximal tumor length of positive cores (p=0.046) were significantly higher in those with an extraprostatic stage than in the organ confined cancer group. The optimal maximal tumor length and number of positive cores for the detection of extraprostatic cancer were 7.5mm and 6.5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The number and maximal tumor length of positive cores were strong predictors of the pathologic stage in the RRP specimens.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Pathology ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatectomy* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography