OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose aspirin on IVF outcome and endometrium in patients undergoing IVF-ET. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February, 2001 to Jun, 2001, 60 infertile patients were randomly divided into study group (28 cycles) and control group (32 cycles). The study group received a daily oral dose of 25 mg of aspirin for at least 2 weeks from first visiting day. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was initiated in all patients with the GnRH agonist starting in the midluteal phase of the previous cycle. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age of the patients, basal serum E2, LH, FSH level and endometrial thickness among two groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group respectively in dosage (26.5+/-4.8 vs 26.2+/-5.3 amples) and duration (10.4+/-4.2 vs 9.8+/-5.3 days) of gonadotropin administration, serum E2 level on the hCG administration day (1823+/-342 vs 1854+/-543), LH (14.5+/-2.7 vs 14.8+/-3.1), FSH (16.7+/-3.4 vs 18.3+/-4.7), the number of follicles p> 15 mm (13.2+/-6.3 vs 12.8+/-5.9), the number of oocytes retrieved (9.2+/-2.4 vs 8.4+/-1.7), the number of embryos transferred (4.7+/-2.0 vs 4.7+/-2.0), fertilization rate (68.4% vs 64.5%), implantation rate (21.3% vs 17.6%), and clinical pregnancy rate (28.4% vs 26.2%). The endometrial thickness and the percentage of endometrial trilaminar pattern on hCG day were significantly higher in study group than control group (12.9+/-3.7 mm vs 10.4+/-2.8 mm, 78.3% vs 64.5%). CONCLUSION: Many reports suggest that low-dose aspirin improve ovarian response, implantation rate, fertilization rate, implantation rate, and pregnancy rate by increasing the blood flow, but we couldn't prove the significant effect of low-dose aspirin on the IVF outcome except on endometrium. This may be affected by dose of aspirin, duration, and number of patients studied. This trial is small, so our results highlight the need for a large randomized controlled trial to identify the effect of low-dose aspirin on IVF-ET outcome.
Aspirin* ; Embryonic Structures ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertilization ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy Rate

Gastric mucosa shows continuous changes in surface epithelium as well as inflammatory reaction by various substances from the outside and their metabolic products. Gastric mucosal lesions are proven to be associated with bacterial infection by the discovery of Heliobacter pylori(H. pylori) and many studies about histopathologic changes of gastric mucosa associated H. pylori infection has been advanced. It is known that H. pylori associated gastritis displays surface foveolar epithelial changes, such as cytoplasmic vacuolation, mucin loss, juxtaluminal cytoplasm erosion, epithelial denudation, and mucosal irregularity. There have been many studies that H. pylori infection is associated with intestinal metaplasia, gastric dysplasia, and carcinoma. Also chronic H. pylori infection with its induction of gastric lymphoid follicle has been implicated as a precursor of gastric lymphoma of the unique B-cell type that arises from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT). However, these gastric mucosal changes are also observed in gastritis with other causes. In this study, we aimed to define specific histopathiologic findings associated with H. pylori infection. A total of 463 gastric biopsy specimens were reviewed. They were Helicobacter-associated gastritis and were divided as many (MH), a few (AH), and no (NH), according to the number of H. pylori. 210 (MH), 131 (AH), and 122 (NH) biopsy specimens were included. Lymphocytes, plasma cells in lamina propria, eosinophils and neutrophils in surface epithelium and crypt as well as lamina propria were graded from 0 to 3. Surface epithelial changes including cytoplasmic vacuolation, mucin loss, juxtaluminal erosion, epithelial denudation and mucosal irregrarity were observed in 200 of 210 cases(95%) in MH group, 34 of 131 cases(26%) in AH group, and 6 of 122 cases(5%) in NH group. This result indicates there is significant difference in surface epithelial changes according to the number of H. pylori(p<0.001). Severity of eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and plasma cell infiltration is increased in proportion to the number of H. pylori. Especially, neutrophilic infiltration is not identified in 95 of 122 cases(78%) in NH group, whereas MH group shows severe infitration (grade 3) in 127 of 210 cases(61%), and no (grade 0) in 11 of 210 cases(5%). This data well explains that the severity of neutrophil infiltration is associated with, the degree of H. pylori infection in chronic active gastritis, with statistical significance. The prevalence of lymphoid follicle formation was 17 of 120 cases(14%) in NH group, 24 of 131 cases(18%) in AH group, and 52 of 210 cases(25%) in MH group. This shows that lymphoid follicle formation correlates with the number of H. pylori, but without statistical significance. The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in NH, AH, and MH was 43 of 122 cases(35%), 46 of 131 cases(35%), and 69 of 210 cases(33%), showing no association between intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori. In summary, H. pylori associated gastritis dispays characteristic histopathological changes in gastric mucosa, in which surface epithelial changes and various inflammatory infiltrates are increased in proportion to the number of H. pylori. Especially vacuolization of surface foveolar epithelium, cryptitis, and crypt abscess are specific findings of H. pylori associated gastritis.
Biopsy

Although there have been a few reports of cases in which cancer cells of extrauterine origin were observed in vaginal smears, such findings are relatively uncommon. We recently experienced a case of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma diagnosed by cervicovaginal smear in a 56-year-old woman in routine work-up of carcinoma peritonei. The cellular features were several scattered cellular clusters of adenocarcinoma cells in clear background without tumor diathesis. Psammoma body was not present. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma with multiple metastases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; Diagnosis ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Laparotomy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thyroid Gland ; Vaginal Smears

Three cases of sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary are presented. All three patients were nulliparous young wemen of 23~25 years of age, presenting with menstrual irregularity for 6 months to 4 years. Grossly the tumors ranged in size from 8 to 22cm in greatest diameter, showing gray white to yellow solid or predominantly cystic tissue with serous fluid. The common microscopic finding was that of cellular areas admixed with densel fibrous and/or edematous tissue, presenting pseudolobular appearance. Two types of tumor cells were rounded cells with clear vacuolated cytoplasm and less numerous spindle shaped cells. Postoperative course was uneventful and menstrual irregularity disappeared postoperatively. In case 2, the patient got pregnant after 1 year and 4 months. This clinical course suggests that sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary may be endocrinologically active.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans

An autopsy case of male pseudohermaphrodite associated with Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia is reported. This newborn infant showed a large clitoris and hypospadic urethra which was the only opening in the perineum except for the anus. There were urethrovaginal fistula and uterus didelphys. The adrenals were slightly larger than normal, but microscopically did not show any features of cortical hyperplasia. Well formed testes were found and were histologically unremarkable. In addition, Bochdalek type of diaphragmatic hernia was present, associated with severe left lung hypoplasia and massively herniated abdominal organs into the chest cavity, shifting the mediastinum considerably and eventually led to death in a few minutes after birth. The pathogenesis of genital anomaly and diaphragmatic hernia is briefly discussed and it is suggested that this type of genital abnormality might be due to defect of testicular M llerian inhibitor factor and can be categorized as incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans

Fifty three surgically resected gallbladders(49 cases of chronic cholecystitis with or without cholelithiasis, 4 cases of incidentally resected gallbladders) and 14 autopsy cases were subjected to the histotopographic analysis to identify the nature and distribution of metaplastic mucosal changes, and to determine the possible histogenesis of these mucosal lesions and diagnostic implication as a parameter of chronic cholecystitis. 1) Antral type glands were demonstrated in 47(88.7%), goblet cells in 19(35.8%) and surface epithelial changes in 27(50.9%) of total surgical specimens, indicating the benign metaplastic changes of the gallbladder mucosa toward the gastric or intestinal type. 2) Topographic distribution illustrated the extension of antral type gland to the middle and upper one third portions of the gallbladder mucosa in 37 cases, each. Goblet cells in the middle and upper one third of the mucosa were demonstrable in 13 cases(68%) an 8 cases(42%), respectively. 3) Average age by degree of extension was 50.0 years in Grade O-I, 50.1 years in Grade II and 56.4 years in Grade III. 4) Among 53 surgically resected gallbladders, gallstone was found in 31 cases, in which was a significant correlation between the distribution of metaplastic changes by degree of extent and cholelithiasis. 5) There was no statistical significance between incidence of metaplastic changes of the gallbladder and degree of inflammatory reaction by means of chronic and/or acute inflammatory cell infiltration and Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus formation. 6) Only two out of fourteen autopsy cases demonstrated focal and spotty presence of goblect cells. It is of authors assumption that the lining epithelium of the gallbladder undergos various types of metaplastic changes in the diseased conditions, in which cholelithiasis is included as one of preceding factor. And also, the diagnostic implication of epithelial metaplasia as an expression of chronic cholecystitis is discussed.
Incidence

PURPOSE: To evaluate the health status of institutionalized handicapped children, a general health assessment was done in an asylum in Taegu in May 1998. METHODS: Body measurements, including height, weight, head circumference, skin fold thickness and mid-arm circumference, were done with physical examination on 53 children. Blood tests and chest radiography were done, and fat impedance was measured. RESULTS: Of the 53 children, height, weight and head circumference were below the third percentile in 37(69.8%), 35(66%) and 28(52.8%) children, respectively. Body mass index, skin fold thickness and mid-arm circumference were below the third percentiles in 77.3, 50.9% and 56.6% of the children, respectively. Although serum protein levels were within normal range, anemia was detected in 31 children(58.5%). Two children showed interstitial pneumonia on chest radiograms. And HBsAg was detected in three but their liver enzymes were within normal limits. CONCLUSION: Due to the poor nutritional status of handicapped children in the asylum, the prevalence of anemia was high. Evaluation of the nutritional status and hemoglobin measurernent must be included in the routine health assessment of these children.
Anemia ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Daegu ; Disabled Children ; Disabled Persons* ; Electric Impedance ; Head ; Hematologic Tests ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Nutritional Status ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Radiography ; Reference Values ; Skin ; Thorax

This study investigated the influences of the beverage intake on food behavior and personality for 1295 adolescents. The results were as follows. The favorite beverage was 'fruit juice', and preference of 'coffee' was the lowest. 'Milk and dairy product' was highest and 'milkshake' was lowest in intake frequency of beverage. The preference correlated positively(r = 0.391) with the intake frequency of beverage, especially high in 'green tea and black tea'(r = 0.622), 'coffee'(r = 0.581), 'carbonated drink'(r = 0.538), and 'milk and dairy product'(r = 0.501). The explanation power(R2) of beverage preference on beverage intake was 0.153. The explanation power(R(2)) of beverage intake on food behavior was 0.127, and 'carbonated drink' and 'coffee' as well as 'milkshake' had a negative influence on food behavior: however, 'milk and dairy product', 'green tea and black tea', and 'fruit juice' had a positive influence on food behavior. The relationship of beverage intake and sociality was very low(R(2)= 0.013), and 'isotonic drink' and 'green tea and black tea' had a positive influence on sociality. The relationship between beverage intake and anger expression was also very low. 'Coffee' showed a positive relationship with anger-in. 'Carbonated drink' and 'milkshake' showed a positive result with anger-out. 'Milkshake' showed a negative relation with anger-control, but 'green tea and black tea' and 'milk and dairy product' showed a positive relation. From these results, it was necessary to develop the practical nutritioneducation program on proper beverage choice for adolescents leading to better metal and physical status.
Adolescent ; Anger ; Beverages ; Eating ; Humans ; Tea

PURPOSE: To examine whether preterm small for gestational age (SGA) infants have a different perinatal outcome than preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was done for 203 (50 SGA and 153 AGA) singleton nondiabetic preterm infants with gestational age between 27-35 weeks who were admitted to Yeungnam University hospital neonatal intensive care unit between January 1999 and February 2002. A comparative analysis of various parameters, including maternal and neonatal variables, was done in SGA and AGA groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in perinatal morbidity even mortality for the SGA group compared with AGA group. CONCLUSION: Our results may be helpful to predict the perinatal complications and to manage the preterm infants. For the confirmation of perinatal outcome in SGA versus AGA in preterm infants, a larger number of infants will be needed.
Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*